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AVS – Technology, IPR and Applications
Prof. Huang TiejunAudio and Video coding Standard Working Group of China
Institute of Digital Media Technology, Peking UniversityOct.12, 2010
Video coding…
• Compress high bit-rate digital video signal as low bit-rate stream– SD: from ~250Mbps to < 5Mbps– HD: for >1Gbps to < 20Mbps
• is the reason makes DTV possible at 1994
• and always a core concern for Digital TV system and any other digital video applications
3
Video coding Standards
• ISO/IEC recommended MPEG series standards– MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4
• ITU-T recommended H.26X series standards– H.261, H.262, H.263, H.263+, H.263++
MPEG-China AVS
H.264 /MPEG-4 AVC
China
1G standards1G standards 2G standards2G standards
MPEG-2: the 1st Generation
• ISO/IEC 13818 / ITU-T H.262 @ 1994– SDTV at ~5Mbps– HDTV at ~20Mbps
• Makes DTV became reality– Europe DVB at 1997– USA ATSC at 1997– Japan ISDB at 1998– China DTMB at 2006
55
AVS – one of the 2nd Generation• In Feb2006, AVS video
issued as Chinese national standard– GB/T 20090.2-2006– Effective from Mar2006
• In Aug2006, DTMB issued as Chinese national standard– GB/T 20600-2006– Mandatory from Aug2007
23/4/21 6
2ndG Video – ITU-T IPTV Selection
• ITU-T IPTV FG decided to recommended the following video format at May2007– H.264/ MPEG-4 AVC– MPEG-2 (for Legacy)– AVS – GB/T 20090.2– SMPTE VC-1
• ITU-T Q6-WP3-SG16 meeting at last week (10July09) decided to release upper document as the ITU Technical Paper on “Media coding toolbox for IPTV”
HD: 20 MbpsSD:4-6Mbps
HD: 6-8MbpsSD:1-2.5Mbps
7
Video Compression Performance Improvement
19911994 2003 2030
150
250
50
Compression Ratio
AVSMPEG-4 AVC/H.264VC-1
MPEG-1
AVS-?/MPEG-?/others-?
MPEG-2
Outline
• Licensing problem for AV standards
• AVS approach for dealing with IPR
• AVS Video technologies
• AVS Products
• AVS Applications nowadays
• Conclusion and Discussion
Higher Performance, High Cost
• Gold age is far away…– MPEG-1,MPEG-2– H.261,H.262, H.263,H.263+/++
• Face to complicated situation nowadays– H.264,VC-1
10
MPEG Standards
• 1991 ： MPEG-1– Royalty Free
• 1994 ： MPEG-2– DVD, DTV, Emmy Award– 2.5$ per device
• 1996 ： MPEG LA—A licensing agency• 1999 ： MPEG-4 SP (Part 2)
– 0.25 $/device, coding time based charge (2 cents/ hours)– Objected by AOL-Times Warner
• 2003 ： H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC– Nov. 17,2003: Licensing policy – title based licensing– Objected by EBU （ EBU Technical Statement-D 96-2003)– May.20,2004: Policy finalized, little revision
• Leonardo Chiariglione 《 Patents and standards 》– http://www.chiariglione.org/ride/patents_and_standards.htm
• If Gutenberg had lived in a culturally more advanced city like Venice or Florence, which had already started issuing litterae patentes ("open letters", whence the word "patent" comes from) since a few decades, he could have protected his invention with a patent.
• Some time later, MPEG had to deal with MPEG-2 patents. Many companies had participated in the MPEG-1 development not so much because they necessarily had plans to make products in that space, but because they were keen to be around and help tune up the MPEG machine for the big MPEG-2 deal.
• In January 1993 I took the initiative to invite to the Rome meeting Mike Smith, head of the Information Technology Task Force (ITTF), the group inside the ISO Central Secretariat in Geneva looking after JTC1 matters. Mike provided advice on how this difficult issue could be treated without trespassing the limits set by the ISO/IEC directives.
• In the event, an MPEG-2 Patent Pool was established, managed by MPEG LA. This organisation acts as a "one-stop shop" for MPEG-2 Video and Systems patents (Audio is not part of the licensing), but there are a few companies licensing their technology separately.
First Effort to deal with patent issue for MPEG-2
The result is reasonable (4$ - 2.5$/device)
网址 http://www.mpegla.com
23/4/21 http://www.avs.org.cn 13
AVC/H.264 licensing structure
Source:AVC/H.264 license terms
CodecManufacturers
Subscription
Title-by-Title
Internet Broadcast
Free Television
Participation FeesWhere End User pays
Participation Fees whereRemuneration is fromOther sources
23/4/21 http://www.avs.org.cn 14
AVC/H.264 License Terms:Participation Fees
• Where End User pays for AVC Video– Subscription (not limited by title) – 100,000 or fewer subscribers/yr = no
royalty; > 100,000 to 250,000 subscribers/yr = $25,000; >250,000 to 500,000 subscribers/yr = $50,000; >500,000 to 1M subscribers/yr = $75,000; >1M subscribers/yr = $100,000
– Title-by-Title - 12 minutes or less = no royalty; >12 minutes in length = lower of (a) 2% or (b) $0.02 per title.
• Where remuneration is from other sources– Free Internet Broadcast (not title-by-title, not subscription) – no royalty
during first term (through 2010; not greater than free television thereafter)– Free Television - (a) one-time $2,500 per transmission encoder or (b)
annual fee starting at $2,500 for > 100,000 HH rising to maximum $10,000 for > 1,000,000 HH
• Enterprise cap: $3.5M/yr 2006-07, $4.25M/yr 2008-09, $5M/yr 2010
• Royalties begin January 1, 2006Source:AVC/H.264 license terms
Effort for 2G: RF JVT baseline
AVS Strategy turned in 2003For JVT baseline + essential enhanced tools
To a dependent, compact, patent clear standard
MPEG LA 专利池构成与风险分析
23/4/21 18
AVS Mission
• To develop a 2nd Generation video coding standard with same/better coding performance than others
• Avoids licensing risk based on clearly analysis of related patents in last 50 years
• To help DTV, IPTV and new media operators in China and out of China leave from more and more dangerous licensing mire
• AVS was born at Mar.2002
Outline
• Licensing problem for AV standards
• AVS approach for dealing with IPR
• AVS Video technologies
• AVS Products
• AVS Applications nowadays
• Conclusion and Discussion
23/4/21
AVS Working Group
• Set up by MII (Ministry of Information Industry) in June of 2002
• In charge of national standardization of audio-video coding for Chinese A/V industry
• Also in charge of organizing the delegation of China National Body to MPEG(ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11)
23/4/21
AVS membership
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
TotalNewEnd
23/4/21
MNC or Out of China外资企业和国外企业
23/4/21
AVS Subgroups
• System
• Video
• Audio
• Digital Media Rights Management
• Requirement
• Conformance
• IPR
• Implementation
23/4/21
AVS IPR Experts Group formation
• Late 2003 the President of AVS asked that a group of experts be assembled to create a recommendation for an IPR policy for AVS
• Create policies that:– reflect and respect China law and culture– reflect WTO requirements– reflect successful global practices– balance the rights of the inventor and needs of the implementers– innovative and forward looking– evolves with practice and law in China
23/4/21
Mission of AVS IPR Group
• Make a friendly environment for technical society (standard body), industry, and end user
• Key issue to work out– Reforming the IPR policy making by only IP
holder, to by IP holder + industry + consumer
23/4/21
AVS IPR Experts Group
• Experienced members: 经验丰富的成员– Patent Attorneys 专利律师– Technical Experts 技术专家– Contract Attorneys 处理合同的律师– Previous experience in setting up patent pools 具有建立专利池相关
经验的成员• Members are from: 成员来自
– Asia 亚洲– Europe 欧洲– North America 北美
• Members represent: 成员代表了– Consumer Electronics 消费电子产品界– Information Technology 信息技术界– Microelectronics 微电子产业界
23/4/21
AVS IPR Experts group
• Members– Broadcom– IBM– Intel– Matsushita/Panasonic– Microsoft– Nokia– Sony– Sun Microsystems
23/4/21
Licensing Obligations
Join AVS• Sign Member Agreement•Declare default option
Participate in Subgroup• Commit to license• License options
Submit Contribution• Disclose patents •Declare license option
Non-Participant: • RAND RF• POOL• RAND• No License
• RAND RF• POOL• RAND
China Patent:• RAND RF• POOL
Worldwide Patent: • RAND RF• POOL• RAND
Participant: • RAND RF• POOL• RAND
23/4/21 http://www.avs.org.cn 31
Disclosure Obligations
• When making a contribution– Unpublished, published and granted patents
• Ongoing– When a patent is discovered– When a Patent Application is published
• During Final Draft Standard Review– 90 days to declare licensing option, OR:– Default applies
23/4/21 http://www.avs.org.cn 32
AVS Licensing
• 1 RMB concept– Only one charge, to device/software/chip– No charge to operator– No charge to end-user
• Will be handled by AVS PPA– PPA is a non-profit organization– Founded By #1 institute of MII and ICT of
CAS, in 2005
23/4/21 33
Patent ：-Royalty Free-AVS Pool-RAND
Public knowledge
AVS Patent Pool
AVS Standards
AVSAVSWorking GroupWorking Group
AVSAVSPatent Pool CouncilPatent Pool Council
AVSAVSIndustry AllianceIndustry Alliance
•AVS Industry Chain•ICs,software•Device,System•Operating,Service
•AVS Industry Cluster•HDTV•IPTV•DTH•MobileTV•……
R&D IPR IndustryR&D IPR Industry
EssentialEssentialevaluationevaluation
One-StopOne-Stop
licenselicense
AVS LicensingAVS LicensingTechnical EvaluationTechnical EvaluationLicensing principle Licensing principle
IPRIPRPrinciplePrinciple
Cooperation &Cooperation & DevelopmentDevelopment
ApplicatioApplicatioStandardStandard
BetterBetterImplem.Implem.
Three Independent Organizations of AVS
23/4/21 http://www.avs.org.cn 34
AVS Industry Alliance
– Amoisonic– Broadcom– Changhong– Haier– Huaju– Huawei– Langchao– NSCC
– Panstar Semi– SVA– Skyworth– Spectrum
Communication– Sunnywell– TCL– USstarcom– ZTE
Outline
• Licensing problem for AV standards
• AVS approach for dealing with IPR
• AVS Video technologies
• AVS Products
• AVS Applications nowadays
• Conclusion and Discussion
23/4/21
AVS1 FamilyAVS Parts 国家标准计划号
STD Number小组草案（ WD）
工作组草案(CD)
最终草案 (FCD)
标准送审稿（ FD）
国家标准发布实施（ GB）
AVS1-P1（系统 -广播） 20051304-T-339 2003.10 2003.12 2006.10 2007.03
AVS1-P2 （ J-profile） 20032265-T-339 2003.10 2003.12 2004.4 2004.8 2006.2
AVS1-P2 （ X-profile） 20032265-T-339 2005.9 2006.3 2007.12
AVS1-P2 （ S-profile） 20051305-T-339 2007.12 2008.3 2008.6 2008.9
AVS1-P3 (Audio-Stereo) 20051305-T-339 2004.12 2005.3 2005.12 2006.4
AVS1-P3 （ M-profile） 20051305-T-339 2005.9 2005.12 2005.12 2006.4
AVS1-P4 （ Conformance）
20051306-T-339 2006.9 1006.12 2007.3
AVS1-P5 （ Ref. Software）
20051307-T-339 2007.6
AVS1-P6 （ DRM） 20051308-T-339 2005.3 2005.12 2006.12 2007.3
AVS1-P7 （ Mobility Video)
20051309-T-339 2004.6 2004.9 2004.12 2006.4
AVS1-P8.1 （ System-IP） 20074554-T469 2005.3 2005.9 2005.12 2006.3
AVS1-P8.2 （ System-IP） 20074554-T469 2006.1 2006.3 2007.6
AVS1-P9.1 （ File Format）
20074555-T-469 2005.3 2005.9 2005.12 2007.12
AVS1-P9.2 （ File Format）
20074555-T-469 2006.1 2006.3 2007.9 2007.12
AVS1-P10 （ Mobile Speech and Audio）
TBD 2007.3 2007.11 2008.3
AVS Tutorial Oct.20, 2004 37
MPEG-2 Video
Entropy Coding
IQ/IT
Motion compensation
Control Data
Coeff.
MV
Inter/Intra
Control
Decoder
Motionestimation
Trans./ Quant-
0
AVS Tutorial Oct.20, 2004 38
Entropy Coding
IQ/IT
Motion compensation
Control Data
Coeff.
MV
Inter/Intra
Control
Decoder
Motionestimation
Trans./ Quant-
Deblock
Intra-frame
Prediction
AVS Video
AVS Tutorial Oct.20, 2004 39
Entropy Coding
IQ/IT
Motion compensation
Control Data
Coeff.
MV
Inter/Intra
Control
Decoder
Motionestimation
Trans./ Quant-
Deblock
Intra-frame
Prediction
AVS Video
23/4/21 http://www.avs.org.cn 40
Periods of key video coding tools contributed
~1988 19991950
DPCM
Interlace
B-framesP-frames
Scene Adaptive Coder
Block Motion Estimation
DCT
Macroblocks
Hybrid Coding
Huffman Coding
Transform Coding
Motion Vector Prediction
Video Object Planes
Object-Based Scalability
Error Resilience
Generic B-pictures
Advanced Deblocking Filter
Modified from C Reader, 2002
Multiple Reference
Integer Transform
Variable Block-size Motion Compensation
23/4/21 41
Coding tools and its contribution
Color space
Conversion
Transform
and bit allocation
Entropy
coding
ME
and M
C
2 * 3 * 3 * 3 ≈ 501st G
2 * 3 * 6 * 3 ≈ 1002nd G
AVS Tutorial Oct.20, 2004 42
AVS Video Tools• AVS1 video accepted 42 technical proposals from more than 200.
• Major tools – Transform – 16bit-implemented 8x8 integer transform– Quantization and scaling - scaling only in encoder– Intra prediction – 5 modes– Motion compensation – 16x16/16x8/8x16/8x8 modes– Quarter-pel interpolation – 4-taps interpolation filter– Deblocking– Entropy coding
• Minor tools– Motion vector prediction– Skipped mode and Coded block pattern– Adaptive scan
23/4/21 43
Spatial Coding Tools
Fourier Transform
Block Quantization
Adaptive Block Coding
Slant Transform
Hadamard Transform
Scene Adaptive Coder
Zonal Coding
Threshold Coding
Zigzag Scan
ZZ-Run-Length Coding
Non-Uniform Quantizer
Uniform Quantizer
Block Classification
Cosine Transform
Dead-Zone Quantizer
Rate Buffer
1960s 1970s
Statistical Coding
Andrews, 1968 Ahmed, 1974Pratt, 1969
Max, 1960
Tescher, 1975
VLC VideoVariable-Length Coding VLC
Huffman 1952
Tescher, 1977
Fano 1949
Chen, 1973
Habibi, 1971
Chen 1981
Tasto 1971Huang 1963
Seyler 1962
Pratt 1969
Pratt 1969
Woods 1969
Tescher, 1976
Huang 1966
Run-Length Coding
Pratt, 1970
C Reader, 2002
128
128
0
0813.0419.0500.0
500.0332.0169.0
114.0587.0299.0
B
G
R
V
U
Y
DCT
2-3-14-10-1-45
036-402-43
020-2200-3
-14-1-1-2-88-12
-1-215-3-1637
0-40-6-63-70
-3-30-1-4-9-264
-20-44-1-4-321430
C(h,v)=C(v)C(h)ΣΣ[P(x,y)COS{πv(2y+1)/16}COS{πh(2x+1)/16}]
C(0)=1/2√2 C(v)=C(h)=1/2 [v,h≠0]
x=0y=0
7 7
8369564638352927
6956463834292726
5848403532292726
4840353229272622
4037342927262222
3834342927262219
3734292724221616
342927262219168
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
9910310011298959272
10112012110387786449
921131048164553524
771031096856372218
6280875129221714
5669574024161314
5560582619141212
6151402416101116
9999999999999999
9999999999999999
9999999999999999
9999999999999999
9999999999996647
9999999999562624
9999999966262118
9999999947241817
Quant
00000000
00000000
00000000
0000000-1
00000-100
00000000
00000004
000000-2179
011010001011101...
VLC/CABAC
175172169162158163163162
181175171174168165167165
177179181178176170167173
181172175185184176171170
177175186180175174174178
199196189184182181180180
196194191193189182187180
192192192194198190184173
Y
U
V
RGB
YUV
8369564638352927
6956463834292726
5848403532292726
4840353229272622
4037342927262222
3834342927262219
3734292724221616
342927262219168
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
1616161616161616
9910310011298959272
10112012110387786449
921131048164553524
771031096856372218
6280875129221714
5669574024161314
5560582619141212
6151402416101116
9999999999999999
9999999999999999
9999999999999999
9999999999999999
9999999999996647
9999999999562624
9999999966262118
9999999947241817
DCT-based Compression
23/4/21 45
AVS Innovation Example(1)DCT Transform Matrix in AVS
Differs from the one in MPEG-2 (floating value) and H.264 (4X4 and 8X8) that was patentedwith similar performance (or even better in some cases )
46
Temporal Coding Tools
Conditional Update(Spatial; Pixel)
ConditionalUpdate(Transform)
3D (Temporal)DPCM
TransformCoding(Intra)
DPCM
HybridCoding
HybridCoding(Transform)
Harrison 1952
Pratt 1968 Reader 1973
Schroeder 1970
Roese 1975
TemporalStatistics
Seyler 1962
MotionModeling
Brofferio 1970
InterlacedField/FrameCoding
Jones 1978
Transform inDPCM Loop with MC
Jain 1979
PRA MotionEstimation
Netravali 1979
Variable –Size BMAMotion Est.
Giorda 1975
MotionCompensatedDPCM (Pixel)
MotionMeasurement
Limb 1975
Rocca 1969
Conditional Update(Spatial; Block)
Seyler 1962 Candy 1971
MotionCompensatedTransform
MotionCompensatedDPCM (Block)
Koga 1981
Netravali 1979
Netravali 1979
BMAMotionEstimation
Taki 1974
MPEG2
H.261MPEG1MPEG2Etc.
H.120
C Reader, 2002
1960s 1970s
47
Skip, Direct and Symmetry Modes in B-frame
• Same:– Use both forward and backward
reference frame to predict
• Different:– Skip: no coded MVD, no coded
coefficient– Direct: no coded MVD, with
coded coefficient– Symmetry: with 1 coded MVD
and coded coefficient
Time tTime t-1 Time t+1
MV forwardMV backward
48
AVS B-frame Compared with Other Standards
• AVS– Bi-prediction
• Skip, direct– No motion vector
• Symmetric– 1 coded motion
vector
• Higher compression ratio
• Other Standards– Bi-prediction
• Skip, direct– No motion vector
• Other cases– 2 coded motion
vector
AVS vs. H.264 vs. MPEG-2
tools AVS1-P2 H.264 MPEG-2
Intra-interpolation
8x8, 5 modes for Y prediction, 4 modes for UV prediction
4x4, 9 modes for Y prediction, 4 modes for UV prediction
Prediction only to DC coefficient
Reference frame
<=2 <=16 <=2
Block-size for MC
16x16, 16x8, 8x16
8x8
16x16, 16x8, 8x16
8x8,8x4,4x8,4x4
16x16,
16x8(interlace)
B frame micro-block bi-direction prediction
Coding front motion vector, and computing back motion vector
Coding two motion vectors
Coding two motion vectors
tools AVS1-P2 H.264 MPEG-2¼ pixel MC ½ pixels 4-tap
¼ pixels 4-tap
½ pixels 6-tap
¼ pixels 2-tap
½ pixels 2-tap
Transform and quantization
8x8 integer transform ，encoding site normalization only
4x4 integer transform, both encoding and decoding sites need to normalize
8x8 float DCT
Entropy coding
Adaptive 2D VLC CAVLC
CABACVLC
Loop filter 8x8 based
Less boundaries
Less BS-levels (0..2), Less pixels filtered (p0, p1,q0, q1)
4x4 basedMore boundaries
More BS-levels (0..4), More pixels filtered (p0..p3,q0..q3)
N/A
AVS vs. H.264 vs. MPEG-2 (cont’d)
AVS Tutorial 51
AVS Video Profile and Level
• JiZhun ( 基准 ) Profile (Dec. 2003)– 4 levels
• 4.0 : up to Standard Definition with 4:2:0• 4.2 : up to Standard Definition with 4:2:2• 6.0 : up to High Definition with 4:2:0• 6.2 : up to High Definition with 4:2:2
• AVS Zengqiang Profile (2008)– for Storage media such as movie
• AVS Shensuo Profile (2008)– for video surveillance
AVS1 Video Subjective Testing
• April-Sept., 2005, AVS subjective testing has been executed by SARFT testing center
• The testing is based on GY/T 134-1998 standard as well as related ITU testing standard
Compressed testing video stream bit-rate
SD resolution (625/50i)
HD resolution (1125/50i)
MPEG-2 typical bit-rate (Mbps)
4~6 20
AVS bit-rate (Mbps) 3 1.5 10 6
Testing result A B A A-
Performance- HD (1280 x720)
Harbour
29313335373941
1000 6000 11000 16000 21000 26000 31000 36000
Bi trate(kbi ts/ s)
PSNR
(dB)
H. 264 Mai nH. 264 Basel i neAVSMPEG- 4MPEG- 2
Fl ami ngo
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
10000 40000 70000 100000 130000
Bi trate(kbi ts/ s)
PSNR
(dB)
H. 264 Mai nAVSMPEG2
Performance- HD (1280 x720)
Performance – SD (720x576)
Basketbal l
23
26
29
32
35
38
4000 9000 14000 19000 24000 29000 34000
Bi trate(kbi ts/ s)
PSNR
Y(dB
)
H. 264 Mai nAVSMPEG-2
23
26
29
32
35
38
1900 4900 7900 10900 13900
PSNR
Y(dB
)
Bi trate(kbi ts/ s)
Fl ower garden
H. 264 Mai n
AVS
MPEG-2
Performance – SD (720x576i)
Performance – CIF (352x288)
News
28
30
32
34
36
38
55 105 155 205 255 305 355
Bi t rate(kbi ts/ s)
PSNR
Y(dB
)
H. 264 BaseLi ne
H. 264 Mai n
MPEG- 4
AVS
Mobi l e
25
28
31
34
37
40
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Bi t rate(kbi ts/ s)
PSNR
(dB)
H. 264 BaseLi neH. 264 Mai nMPEG- 4AVS
Performance – CIF (352x288)
23/4/21 http://www.avs.org.cn 59
Complexity analysis
Tools Estimated increasing
AVS H.264
Multiple reference 1 2
Variable block-size MC 1 2
Quarter pixel 3 3
Entropy coding 0.5 1
Deblocking filter 0.5 1
Total 6 9
Review: MPEG-4 AVC/ H.264(2001~09)
Review: AVS （ 2002 ～）• At Jan.26-Feb.5 ， Geneva, ITU-T SG16
Q6 （ VCEG ） Meeting• During the discussion on the requirements
of H.265/H.NGC, Multiple MNC insisted on the new standard show be compact at technology side and lower complexity at implement side. Their proposal on new standard is very similar with AVS
• This is the road AVS selected 8 years ago.
Outline
• Licensing problem for AV standards
• AVS approach for dealing with IPR
• AVS Video technologies
• AVS Products
• AVS Applications nowadays
• Conclusion and Discussion
AVS DTV End-End Solution
Professional AVS Encoders in the Market
• PowerCoder AE200MC• PowerCoder AE100SD/HD
• CoderStar AE1001• CoderStar AC1001
• 4Caster C4• SUMAVISION 9210• Telarity
SVA Coderstar SeriesSVA Coderstar Series
Codestar AC1001for SDTV (1,2,4 channel)
Codestar AC1001-Lfor MobileTV (1,2,4 channels)
Codestar AE1001-Hfor HDTV
Professional AVS Encoders from SVA (Shanghai)
UniAV (Beijing)UniAV (Beijing)
Powercoder AVS Encoders
for CIF,SD and HD
Envivio (USA)Envivio (USA)
4casterFor CIF and SD
Professional AVS Encoders
AVS decoding Chips in the Market
• China Companies– Spreadtrum SV6111 / SV6100 / SV6600V– Penstar DS-1000 HD / DS-1000 SD– NationalChip GX3203 / GX3101– Celestial CSM1208– Haier Hi2830(HD)/Hi1260(SD)
• MNC– Broadcom BCM7405B / BCM7466– ST STi520x/710x– NXP STB222– SigmaDesign SMP8654
AVS decoder Chips in the Market
AVS + MPEG-2 SD&HD (Beijing)
AVS SD&HD(Shanghai)
AVS + AVC + MPEG-2 SD&HD (Beijing)
AVS + MPEG-2 SD& CTTB (Hangzhou)
AVS+MPEG-2+AVC+VC-1 SD&HD (USA)
AVS+MPEG-2+AVC+VC-1 SD&HD (Europe)
AVS+MPEG-2+AVC+VC-1 SD (USA)
AVS decoding Chips in the Market
USB Dangle + PC
STB and TV Set
AVS End Devices
AVS STBs
AVS receivers in car and bus
AVS End Devices
SVA AVS TV Set获得 2008 年上海国际工业博览会创新奖
AVS TV Set
车载移动终端 >7” 屏
AVS in Car
AVS in CBHD(China Blu-ray High-definition Disc player)
AVS in CBHD(China Blu-ray High-definition Disc player)
双拼双视（ Stereo Interleaving Video ）
• 时分双拼– 左视和右视以奇偶场双拼
• 空分双拼– 左右– 上下
• 与现有标准关系– 现有视频编码标准可以支持这种双拼视频– 增加信令，沟通采集表示环节与立体显示器
* Images from www.stereo3d.com
AVS 3D TVPlan to live broadcast the Asia Games at Guangzhou at Nov. of this year
Outline
• Licensing problem for AV standards
• AVS approach for dealing with IPR
• AVS Video technologies
• AVS Products
• AVS Applications nowadays
• Conclusion and Discussion
AVS Terrestrial TV Deployment
Commercial OperatingTesting before Operating
AVS Terrestrial TV in Operating
Shanghai Oriental Pearl digital TV Co., Ltd. 16 SD in 1 Channel
Sichuan Province StarMedia Broadcasting Co.,LTD 36 SD in 3 Channels
Hang Zhou City Culture Radio Television Group 21 CIF in 3 Channels
Shanxi Province Mobile Television 20 SD & 10 CIF in 2 Channels
Qingdao City Mobile Digital TV Co., LTD, 9 CIF in 1 Channel
Shaanxi Province Mobile Digital Television 20 CIF in 1 Channel
Hebei Province Mobile Digital Television Co. LTD 20 CIF in 1 Channel
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The State Development and Reform Commission(Responsible for DTV Policy)
Digital TV Development Project (2009)
(1) Digital Terrestrial TV Standards Family(2) Single Frequency Digital Terrestrial TV System Deployment(3) Key DTV Products: AVS, DRA and DTMB Chips, STB, Encoder, etc
Outline
• Licensing problem for AV standards
• AVS approach for dealing with IPR
• AVS Video technologies
• AVS Products
• AVS Applications nowadays
• Conclusion and Discussion
Conclusion
• 2nd Generation Video coding standards can double the efficiency of terrestrial frequency
• There are three choices for 2ndG video coding standards– ISO/IEC MPEG-4 AVC/ITU-T H.264 (2004)– AVS (China, Feb2006) – SMPTE VC-1 (leads by Microsoft, Apr2006)
ISO/IEC MPEG-4 AVC/ITU-T H.264
• Already being adopted in some countries and area
• But high royalty cost and risk– Operators should pay MPEG LA for
commercial services (e.g. PPV), about 5 million USD per year
– Patent holders outside of MPEG LA Patent Pool are waiting for collecting money (the licensing policy still under table)
AVS Technologies• Much compact designed 2ndG standard
– based on analysis on method & patents in last 50 yrs
– without many complicated but small performance contribution tools in international standards
– Technologies• Free methods and tools in public domain
• Self-innovation patents (~50 Chinese patents for video)
– Similar performance with lower complexity
• Very low cost– 1 RMB ( 1/6 USD) per device
– Royalty free for operators
AVS Products and Deployments
• Most international video decoder chip vendors provide AVS-compatible SD&HD chips
• 4 China local companies provide low cost chips– e.g. Current price for a AVS+MPEG-2 SD Terrestrial Box is about
30USD
• Enough AVS products in the market• Shanghai deploys first AVS based Terrestrial
broadcasting system with 16 AVS SD programs, 7 provinces/cities provide commercial broadcasting
• AVS will be the unique mandatory format for all TV set and STB from next year
Comments
• 2nd G video coding standards is correct choice, but please consider – MPEG LA licensing policy @ www.mpegla.com– Potential patent holders especially who in MPEG-2 pool
but not in MPEG-4 AVC pool
• AVS is a better choice for long-term commercial operating– Commercial operating experience from multiple cities
and provinces– Cooperation on development on AVS1 and research on
AVS2
Thanks ！AVS Working Group ： http://www.avs.org.cnTiejun Huang ： [email protected]
