B-16 Cranes, Rigging, and Lifting Equipment...Aug 01, 2019 · around cranes and lifting equipment. 4.0 Definitions 4.1 Cranes - A machine for lifting and lowering a load and moving

Buckeye Partners, L.P. Page 1 of 13

Revision Number 01

Manual Contractor Safety Manual

Revision Date: 8/1/2019

Procedure B-16 Cranes, Rigging, and Lifting Equipment

Document Author H&S Team

Approver’s Signature

Printed copy may not be latest version.

B-16 Cranes, Rigging, and Lifting Equipment

1.0 Purpose

1.1 The purpose of this policy is to ensure that all personnel are protected from potential

hazards during lifting operations.

2.0 Policy

2.1 This policy describes the minimum safe work practices that must be followed during

lifting operations.

3.0 Scope

3.1 This policy applies to all Buckeye and Contractor personnel working with and/or

around cranes and lifting equipment.

4.0 Definitions

4.1 Cranes - A machine for lifting and lowering a load and moving it

horizontally, with the hoisting mechanism an integral part of the machine. Must be

capable of lifting more than 2000 lbs.

4.2 Rigging - Devices used to secure a load to the lifting mechanism i.e. slings, chains

and chokers.

4.3 Lift supervisor - the onsite person competent person responsible for the execution of

a critical lift.

4.4 Lifting equipment - any device other than a crane that lift equipment and materials

from one position to another i.e. telehandler boom lifts, excavators.

4.5 Hoist - a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means of a drum or lift-wheel

around which rope or chain wraps. It may be manually operated, electrically or

pneumatically driven and may use chain, fiber or wire rope as its lifting medium.

4.6 Must - Is used where a provision is mandatory.

4.7 Shall - Is used where a provision is mandatory.

4.8 Should - Is used where a provision is preferred.

5.0 General

5.1 Crane and Lifting Equipment Safety

5.1.1 Manufacturer’s specifications and limitations applicable to the operation

of all cranes and lifting equipment shall be complied with at all times.

5.1.2 Rated load capacity charts, recommended operating speeds, special hazard

warnings, and other essential information must be conspicuously posted in

all cranes and lifting equipment. Follow them at all times.

Note: Never attempt to lift more than the rated capacity of the equipment or

the attached rigging.

Document Number: B-16 Cranes, Rigging, and Lifting Equipment

Page 2 of 13 Revision Number 01 Revision Date: 08/01/2019


5.1.3 Operators must take signals from only one qualified signal person. A

signal person must be used if the operators view is obstructed, if site

specific safety concerns require it, or if the operator deems it necessary.

In an emergency, however, a STOP signal can be given by anyone.

5.1.4 When using hand signals, only standard hand signals will be used and

acknowledged. See Exhibit A

5.1.5 Fueling must not be performed when equipment is in use.

NOTE: Repairs and maintenance must be performed off-site unless on-

site repairs are authorized by local operations.

5.1.6 Accessible areas within the swing area of the counterweight or equipment

must be barricaded to prevent personnel injury.

5.1.7 Never allow anyone to ride the hook or the load.

5.1.8 A fire extinguisher, rated at least 10 BC, must be at all operator stations or

cabs of equipment. Reference: ASME B30-5-2014 Sec. 5-3.4.9

5.1.9 Locking safety latches are required on all lifting hooks.

5.1.10 At least one tagline must be used on all loads.

5.1.11 Personnel shall keep clear of suspended loads and be aware of pinch

points.

5.1.12 The operator must ensure that loads are not lifted over people, and the path

of travel is clear of hazards and obstructions. The rigger (when there is a

rigger) and lift supervisor share that responsibility.

5.1.13 When equipment is equipped with outriggers, they must be extended fully

to realize the equipment’s full capacity. Pads or cribbing shall be used at

all times and shall be used following the manufacturer’s recommendation

for size and location. Verification of underground utilities, piping, vaults

and previous excavations shall be used when making outrigger pad

placement determinations.

5.1.14 Secure crane and lifting equipment operations during periods of storms

and lightning. Refer to Safety Manual C-22 Severe Weather for additional

guidance. Safe wind speed decisions will be made by the machine operator

utilizing manufacturer’s recommendations and the operator’s experience.

5.1.15 The operator shall never leave the operator seat with a load suspended.

5.1.16 Always enter and exit by facing the equipment and maintaining at least

three points of contact.

5.1.17 Crane operators shall be qualified/licensed/certified to the specific type of

crane being operated.




1. Operator certification for cranes capable of lifting more than 2000 lbs.

shall be through NCCCO or NCCER or other globally recognized

equivalent. Always verify state-specific licensing requirements.

2. Operators of lifting equipment shall be qualified to operate the

specific piece of equipment.

5.1.18 Care shall be taken when operating equipment near flare stacks or other

ignition sources.

5.2 Crane and Lifting Equipment Operation

5.2.1 All outriggers on cranes and lifting equipment when applicable, will be set

and the equipment leveled for all lifts. If due to configuration or physical

location all outriggers cannot be fully extended and grounded, calculations

to determine capacity shall be made based on the manufacturer

specifications. These specifications must be provided in writing as part of

the lift plan.

5.2.2 Equipment will not be moved or positioned with the outriggers extended if

other equipment is within the exclusionary zone. Moving with outriggers

extended on location is acceptable, but will require two spotters for 360°

coverage.

5.2.3 Walking of suspended loads should be avoided. When necessary to move

a suspended load, the following applies:

1. Investigate route to be followed for solid and level footing and

overhead obstructions or power lines.

2. Tie load to the frame of equipment or use tag lines.

3. Keep travel speed to a minimum.

4. Use a dedicated spotter for all equipment movements.

5.2.4 Weight of the load must be positively established prior to handling. Check

brakes and machine stability when load is still only inches above the

ground.

5.2.5 All crawler type equipment shall not be moved unless a designated signal

person is in full view of the operator giving signals.

5.2.6 Whenever internal combustion engine powered equipment exhausts into

an enclosed space, air monitoring shall be conducted and recorded to

verify that employees are not exposed to unsafe concentrations of toxic

gases or oxygen deficient atmospheres.

5.2.7 A firm, drained, and level foundation capable of supporting the load shall

be provided. Mats or other cribbing shall be used at all times to meet the

manufacturer’s specification for adequate support and degree of level of

the equipment used.

5.2.8 A competent and qualified person must direct the assembly/disassembly of

all cranes and associated equipment.




5.3 Crane and Lifting Equipment Work Near Overhead Power Lines

5.3.1 If a crane or lifting equipment is operated near power lines, follow

Table A of the OSHA Construction Table, which has minimum distance

based on voltage.

TABLE A—MINIMUM CLEARANCE DISTANCES

Voltage

(nominal, kV, alternating current)

Minimum clearance distance

(feet)

up to 50

over 50 to 200

over 200 to 350

over 350 to 500

over 500 to 750

over 750 to 1,000

over 1,000

10

15

20

25

35

45

(As established by the utility owner/operator or

registered professional engineer who is a qualified

person with respect to electrical power

transmission and distribution).

Note: The value that follows "to" is up to and includes that value. For example, over 50 to

200 means up to and including 200k

5.3.2 The power company should be asked if it is possible to de-energize the

power line or install temporary sleeves and visibly verify that the power

line has been grounded at the worksite.

5.3.3 All overhead lines are considered energized unless disconnected and

physically grounded.

5.3.4 If the line is not de-energized, the employer must:

1. Conduct a meeting, with the crew to review measures to

prevent encroachment.

2. Conduct a pre-operation hazard assessment to identify the

work zone and determine if any part of the equipment/load

will be within the minimum clearance distance.

3. Use only nonconductive tag lines.

4. Warning flags or other suitable devices may be positioned to

define the allowable operating zone of the personnel or

equipment.

5. Use a dedicated spotter, a proximity alarm, a range control

warning device, an automatic limit device or an elevated

warning line/barrier in view of the operator.

5.3.5 No part of the crane or lifting equipment, including the load, may be

allowed to get closer to bare live circuits or apparatus than the spacing

indicated in Table A.




5.4 Overhead Cranes (RESERVED)

5.5 Hand Signals

5.5.1 A signal person is required when:

1. The point of operation is not in full view of the operator.

2. The operator’s view is obstructed in the direction the equipment is

traveling.

3. Either the operator or the person handling the load determines that a

signal person is needed because of site-specific safety concerns.

5.5.2 Any person giving hand signals or verbal signals to an operator shall be

qualified by one of the following two methods:

1. Third party qualified evaluator. The signal person has documentation

from a third party qualified evaluator showing that he or she meets the

qualification requirements.

2. Employer’s qualified evaluator (not a third party). The employer’s

qualified evaluator assesses the individual, determines the individual

meets the qualification requirements, and provides documentation of

that determination. This assessment may not be relied on by other

employers.

5.5.3 It is important that the operator, signalperson, and crew receiving the load

work together as a team. The operator must pay close attention to the

directions given by the signalperson.

5.5.4 Quick and understandable communication between the signalperson and

the operator is required for safe and efficient operation.

5.5.5 Both the operator and the signal-person shall know standard hand signals.

If other communication methods are necessary for a job, both persons

should agree on them and their meanings.

5.5.6 Operator and signal-person may require the use of radios to communicate

when the visibility between the operator and signalperson becomes

limited.

5.5.7 OSHA 1926.1422 requires that a hand signal chart must be posted on the

crane or conspicuously in the vicinity of the hoisting operations.

5.6 Inspection of Cranes and Lifting Equipment

5.6.1 A competent person shall be designated to inspect all cranes and lifting

equipment prior to each use to be sure that it is in safe operating condition.

Any defective safety device or equipment MUST be repaired by a

competent person before continued use. A record of the results of this

inspection will be maintained by the contractor operating the equipment

and must be on record at the project. Frequent inspections (Daily) shall be




made utilizing manufacturer’s recommendations and shall include the

following:

a. All control mechanisms for maladjustment interfering with

proper operation.

b. All control mechanisms for excessive wear components

and contamination by lubricants or other foreign matter.

c. All safety devices including but not limited to boom angle

indicators, boom stops, boom kick out devices, anti-two

block devices, and load moment indicators where required.

d. Deterioration or leakage in air or hydraulic systems.

e. Lifting hooks with deformations or cracks.

f. Hooks with cracks or having more than 15 percent in

excess of normal throat opening.

g. More than 10 degree twist from the plane of the unbent

hook.

h. Rope reeving for noncompliance with manufacturer’s

recommendations.

6.0 Annual Crane Inspections

6.1 A thorough, annual inspection of all cranes will be made by a competent person

certified for inspection. A record of the date and result of this inspection must be

maintained in job site records and available for review upon request. Periodic

inspections (Annual) shall include the items listed for frequent inspection plus the

following:

1. Deformed, cracked, or corroded members in the crane structure

and boom.

2. Loose bolts or rivets.

3. Cracked or worn sheaves and drums.

4. Worn, cracked, or distorted parts such as pins, bearings, shafts,

gears, rollers and locking devices.

5. Excessive wear on brake and clutch system parts, linings, pawls,

and ratchets.

6. Load, boom angle, and other indicators over their full range, for

any significant inaccuracies.

7. Gasoline, diesel, electric, or other power plants for improper

performance or noncompliance with safety requirements.

8. Excessive wear of chain-drive sprockets and excessive chain

stretch.

9. Travel, steering, braking, and locking devices.

10. Excessively worn damaged tires.




6.2 A crane which has been idle for a period of one month or more, but less than 6

months, shall be given an inspection conforming to requirements of a frequent

inspection and examination of all ropes and cables (hoisting equipment). Cranes that

have been idle for longer than 6 months must have the periodic inspection (annual

inspection).

6.3 Certification records which include the date of inspection, the signature of the person

who performed the inspection and the serial number, or other identifier, of the crane

which was inspected shall be made monthly on critical items in use such as brakes,

crane hooks, and ropes. This certification record shall be kept readily available.

6.4 Cranes used in marine applications require annual certification by a government-

licensed inspector.

6.5 Load lines should be checked routinely and thoroughly:

1. In the running line, if there are six randomly distributed broken

wires on one lay or three broken wires in any one strand in one lay,

the line should be taken out of service.

2. If there is wear of one-third of the original diameter, kinks,

crushing, bird-caging, or any other distortion of the rope structure,

the rope should be taken out of service.

6.6 Rated load tests - Written reports showing test procedures and confirming the

adequacy of any repairs or alterations shall be kept and maintained in the jobsite

records.

6.7 Test loads shall not exceed 110 percent of the rated load at any selected working

radius.

6.8 In addition to prototype tests and quality-control measures, each new production

crane shall be tested by the manufacturer to the extent necessary to insure

compliance with the operational requirements including functions such as the

following:

a. Load hoisting and lowering mechanisms

b. Boom hoisting and lower mechanisms

c. Swinging mechanism

d. Travel mechanism

e. Safety devices

6.9 Where the complete production crane is not supplied by the manufacturer such tests

shall be conducted at final assembly.

6.10 Certified production - crane test results shall be made available.

6.11 No cranes shall be re-rated in excess of the original load ratings unless such rating

changes are approved by the crane manufacturer or final assembler.

6.12 No modifications or additions which affect the capacity or safe operation of the

equipment shall be made by the employer without the manufacturer's written

approval. If such modifications or changes are made, the capacity, operation, and




maintenance instruction plates, tags, or decals, shall be changed accordingly. In no

case shall the original safety factor of the equipment be reduced.

6.13 All crawler, truck, or locomotive cranes in use shall meet the applicable

requirements for design, inspection, construction, testing, maintenance and operation

as prescribed in the ANSI B30.5-2014 Safety Code for Crawler, Locomotive and

Truck Cranes.

6.14 The written, dated, and signed inspection reports and records of the monthly

inspection of critical items prescribed in section 5-2.1.5 of the ANSI B30.5-2014

standard are not required. Instead, the employer shall prepare a certification record

which includes the date the crane items were inspected; the signature of the person

who inspected the crane items; and a serial number, or other identifier, for the crane

inspected. The most recent certification record shall be maintained on file until a

new one is prepared.

7.0 Routine Lifts

7.1 Routine lifting operations may be executed under a basic lift plan which can be

outlined on the JSA. The lift plan must clearly define the following:

a. limitations of the lifting equipment

b. load size

c. weather conditions

d. signaling methods

e. rigging

f. lifting methods

g. areas of operation

h. overhead obstructions

i. person responsible for the lift

7.2 All personnel involved in the lift shall review the lift plan prior to the lift.

7.3 The following are considered routine lifts:

a. Lifting over non-sensitive areas

b. Suitable environmental conditions

c. Load has known and evaluated weight, shape and center of gravity

d. Standard rigging arrangements

e. Load under 75% of rated load of the load chart

f. Use of a certified lifting point

g. Acceptable clearance to overhead obstructions

h. Single lifting machine

8.0 Critical lifts

8.1 Critical lifting operations will require a more detailed lifting plan utilizing Form A.

The plan must be reviewed by the crane operator, lift supervisor, the Buckeye PIC,

project manager, and local HSSE prior to commencement of any critical lift. Any




deviation requirement identified from the plan, must follow Buckeye’s standard

deviation process prior to commencement of the lifting operation.

8.2 A Critical Lift is a lift which includes any of the following factors:

a. Use of two or more lifting apparatus – tandem lifts

b. Lifting over live piping or occupied buildings

c. Lifting of machinery without lifting points

d. Lifting personnel in work baskets

e. In environmental conditions likely to affect equipment

performance

f. Load with unknown / difficult to estimate weight and/or center of

gravity

g. Non-standard rigging arrangements

h. Load lowered into or lifted from a confined space

i. Weight of load in excess of 75% rated load of the load chart

j. Dangerous cargo lifts i.e. risk of fire or explosion or cargo with

significant health hazard risks

k. Lift within the clearance zone limitations noted in Table A

8.3 Critical lift plan

8.3.1 A critical lift plan, with documentation as determined by site supervision

or project management, shall be prepared on all critical lifts prior to the

commencement of those lifts.

8.3.2 The critical lift plan shall include items necessary to address the special

conditions of each lift. These items should include, but not be limited to:

1. The total weight to be lifted, which includes, but is not

limited to the weights of:

a. Load

b. block and ball

c. below-the-hook lifting devices, lifting bars, or

beams

d. jib, erected or stowed, as applicable

e. rigging, including slings and hardware

f. rope, load line as applicable

2. The crane or lifting equipment placement location with

consideration given to:

a. foundation, ground support

b. boom swing area, as applicable

c. track or outrigger loading

d. electrical hazards

e. obstructions and clearances

f. load path


Page 10 of 13

Revision Number 01 Revision Date: 08/01/2019


3. Identification of the crane(s) or lifting equipment to be used

describing the required configuration(s) noting:

a. capacity

b. lifting arrangement

c. load radius requirements

d. percentage of crane capacity needed

e. load chart

4. Sling and rigging selection, which should include, but not be

limited to:

a. type of arrangement

b. identified sling angles

c. number and size of slings

d. sling rated capacities and lengths

e. hardware selection and sizing

5. Diagram of lifting area dimensions including:

a. site layout information and rigging arrangements

b. pick up and placement locations

c. obstructions and clearances

d. jobsite access and egress for the load

e. load orientation

f. outrigger locations and support

6. Diagram of rigging configuration including

a. arrangement of slings and below-the-hook lifting

devices

b. hardware arrangements

c. capacities of slings and hardware

d. pick points on the load

e. calculated sling angles

f. types of sling hitches

7. Sequence of lift and lift execution including:

a. Communication plan

b. Names of personnel for required positions

c. Name of qualified operator

d. Name of lift supervisor

e. Names of reviewers

f. Name of spotter

g. Name of signal person


Page 11 of 13



8.3.3 Critical lift approvals

8.3.3.1 All critical lift plans shall be reviewed signed, and dated by

responsible jobsite personnel including onsite management,

rigging supervision, the crane or equipment operator performing

the lift, qualified personnel designing the lift, and safety personnel

noted on the critical lift template.

8.3.3.2 The crane or equipment operator and lift supervisor shall sign as

approvers of the critical lift.

8.3.3.3 Any disapproval(s) or disagreement by the responsible personnel

shall cause the plan to be re-examined and, if necessary, revised to

gain final approval. All revisions shall be signed and dated.

8.3.4 Critical lift pre-lift meeting

8.3.4.1 Before performing a critical lift and following any revision(s) to

the original plan, participating personnel shall meet to accomplish

the following:

a. Review and discuss the details of the critical lift plan

b. Discuss any hazards, delays, project coordination, unique

conditions, emergency contingencies, safety concerns, etc.

c. Resolve any questions or concerns before commencing

lifting operations

d. Assign personnel and responsibilities

e. Establish communication methods

9.0 Rigging

9.1 Qualified riggers must be used for crane activities during assembly and disassembly

work.

9.2 Qualified riggers are required whenever workers are within the fall zone and

hooking, unhooking, or guiding a load, or doing initial connection of a load to a

component or structure.

9.3 A qualified rigger is a rigger who possesses a recognized degree, certificate or

professional standing or has extensive knowledge, training and experience. Must

also be able to demonstrate the ability to solve problems related to rigging loads.

9.4 Careful selection of quality rigging material is important. Rigging material shall be

only procured from a known and reliable supplier of dependable rigging materials

9.5 Only approved slings and rigging will be used as lifting devices. Devices such as

“come alongs”, which are designed for pulling and have a quick release for binding,

cannot be used for lifting.

9.6 All slings (chain, wire rope or synthetic) shall have a tag affixed that clearly

indicates the lifting capacity. The tag must be legible and displays the load capacity

for a straight hitch, basket hitch, or choker hitch. Do not load lifting devices and

slings beyond their rated working capacity.

9.7 All lifting equipment and slings must be visually inspected for defects before each

use. Do not use items found to be defective. Each sling must have a thorough and

documented periodic inspection not to exceed 12 months conducted by a competent


Page 12 of 13



person. Slings found to be defective cannot be repaired and must be destroyed and

discarded.

9.8 Initial manufacturer certification for new slings and other rigging equipment to

include spreader bars and personnel baskets, along with subsequent documented

inspections must be retained for the life of the sling. All documentation noted above

will be maintained and retained by the owner of the sling. Documentation shall be

available upon request.

10.0 Hoists

10.1 Electric and Air-powered Hoisting Equipment

10.1.1 Powered hoisting equipment comes in several types and includes electric-

powered and air powered. In all cases, the following controls shall be

applied:

1. The operator shall test all controls before beginning a lift.

2. If any controls do not operate properly, the operator shall adjust,

repair, or tag out the hoist as necessary.

3. Before operating the hoist, the operator shall make sure hands are

clear from all moving parts.

4. The operator shall test the brakes when a load is first being

handled by raising the load just enough to clear the floor, or

supports, and checking for brake action.

5. The lift should be continued only after the operator ensures that

the braking-system is operating properly.

6. The upper limit device shall not be used as a normal operating

control.

7. Air hoists shall be connected to an air supply of sufficient capacity

and pressure to safely operate the hoist.

8. The operator shall verify that all air supply hoses are positively

connected to prevent disconnection during use.

9. Hooks shall have spring-loaded latches.

10.2 Manually Operated Hoisting Equipment 10.2.1 Manually operated hoisting equipment comes in several types and includes

ratchet style and manual-chain blocks. In all cases, the following controls shall be

applied:

1. The operator shall maintain control of the hoist lever until the ratchet

pawl is engaged and the lever is at rest.

2. Application of a means of power, other than hand power to operate

manually operated hoists is prohibited.

3. The use of an extension such as a cheater bar is prohibited.

4. Hooks shall have spring-loaded latches.

10.3 Inspection and Testing hoists 10.3.1 Inspections of hoists are mandatory and shall conducted:

a. Before being used for the first time

b. Prior to each use

c. Annually with a documented inspection

d. After substantial alteration or repair - requires testing and documentation


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10.3.2 Annual inspections and substantial repairs or alterations shall be conducted

by a qualified third party.

11.0 Jacks and Air Bags 11.1 The manufacturer’s rated capacity shall be legible on all jacks and air bags. Ensure

that the jack or air bag selected has the rating sufficient to lift and sustain the load.

11.2 Jacks and airbags shall be inspected before each use, Refer to the manufacturer’s

recommendations for additional inspection requirements.

11.3 Refer to manufacturer’s recommendations for air pressure limitations.

11.4 After a load has been raised, crib, block, or otherwise secure the load. Relieve the

load on the jack or air bag slowly releasing the internal pressure until the load has

been transferred to the permanent support.

11.5 Air bags must not be stacked more than two high.

References

Procedure Title/Source Procedure Identification

American National Standards

Institute (ANSI)

ANSI B30.5-2014

29 CFR 1926.1400

Documents

B-16 Cranes, Rigging, and Lifting Equipment...Aug 01, 2019 · around cranes and lifting equipment. 4.0 Definitions 4.1 Cranes - A machine for lifting and lowering a load and moving