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P1 Revision cards
P1 Revision Questions
Part 1
P1 Revision cards
Question 1
• What objects cool down the quickest?
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Answer 1
• Hot objects
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Question 2
• What is a thermogram?
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Answer 2
• Pictures where different temperatures are represented by different colours
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Question 3
• What is heat measured in? What is temperature measured in?
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Answer 3 .... of 50
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Question 4
• What is heat? What is temperature?
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Answer 4
• Heat is energy, temperature is a measure of hotness (energy per particle)
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Question 5
• What is the specific heat capacity?
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Answer 5 .... of 50
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Question 6
• What is the specific latent heat?
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Answer 6
• The energy required per kg to change the state of a substance
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Question 7
• What 3 things affects the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of an
object?
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Answer 7
• Volume, temperature, specific heat capacity of material
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Question 8
• What experiment can you use to measure the energy required to change the temperature of
a body?
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Answer 8
• Heat up a certain mass of water and measure the temperature change. Then using its
specific heat capacity use the energy equation
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Question 9
• What happens to the temperature of a material when it is melting or boiling?
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Answer 9
• It stays constant
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Question 10
• What does a graph look like for when an Ice is being heated?
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Answer 10 .... of 50
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Question 11
• What colours represent the hottest and coldest parts of a thermogram?
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Answer 11
• Hot = Red/ yellow
• Cold = Blue/ purple
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Question 12
• Where does heat flow from?
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Answer 12
• Hot objects to cold objects
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Question 13
• Why does the temperature not change when the state of material is changing?
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Answer 13
• The energy is being used to break the bonds that hold the molecules together
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Question 14
• What surfaces are good and absorbing and reflecting infrared radiation?
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Answer 14
• Absorbing- black rough. Reflecting- silver shiny
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Question 15
• Why is air a good insulator?
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Answer 15
• Particles are spaced out and are not in fixed positions
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Question 16
• What 3 ways can heat be transferred from one place to another?
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Answer 16 .... of 50
Conduction, convection, radiation
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Question 17
• What is conduction?
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Answer 17
• Where heat is transferred from particles vibrating
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Question 18
• What is convection?
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Answer 18
• Where fluid (liquid or gas) is heated, particles become less dense and rise, they lose their
heat to the surroundings and sink. This repeats itself
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Question 19
• What materials are good for convection?
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Answer 19
• Liquids and gases (as the particles can move)
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Question 20
• Name 5 ways to reduce heat loss for a house
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Answer 20
• Cavity wall insulation, loft insulation, double glazing, draft excluders, aluminium foil behind
radiators
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Question 21
• What is payback time?
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Answer 21
• The time taken to save the original cost
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Question 22
• Why are loft insulation and cavity wall insulation good at keeping heat in?
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Answer 22
• They are made of fibre glass and have trapped pockets of air in them
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Question 23
• What is meant by efficiency?
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Answer 23
• How much input energy is converted to useful output energy
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Question 24
• What is a Sankey diagram?
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Answer 24
• A diagram that shows the efficiency
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Question 25
• What is the amplitude of a wave?
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Answer 25
• The maximum displacement of a wave from its rest position
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Question 26
• What is the frequency of a wave?
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Answer 26
• The distance between two wave peaks
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Question 27
• What is the highest and lowest point of a wave?
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Answer 27
• Highest = peak
• Lowest = Trough
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Question 28
• What is refraction? Why does it happen?
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Answer 28
• When a light ray changes direction as it travels into a new medium that has a different
density
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Question 29
• What are the 7 different electromagnetic waves? (in order of ascending frequency)
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Answer 29
• Radio, Microwave, Infrared, visible, UV, x-ray, gamma
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Question 30
• How can each of these waves be used in communication: Radio, micro, infrared, visible
light
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Answer 30
• TV, walkie talkies- mobile phones- remote controls-morse code
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Question 31
• What is meant by the frequency of a wave?
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Answer 31
• How many successive waves pass a point per second
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Question 32
• What does the speed of a wave depend on?
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Answer 32
• The medium it travels in
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Question 33
• What is reflection? What is the law of reflection?
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Answer 33
• Where waves bounce off a surface. Angle of incidence = angle of reflection
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Question 34
• Where does refraction occur?
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Answer 34
• Between the boundaries of 2 mediums
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Question 35
• What is diffraction? Where does it happen and what conditions does it happen best at?
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Answer 35
• Where waves spread out. Happens when waves travel through a gap (aperture).
Happens best when the gap is the same size or smaller than the wavelength
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Question 36
• What does the diffraction pattern look like when the gap slightly bigger that the
wavelength of a wave?
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Answer 36 .... of 50
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Question 37
• What is total internal reflection?
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Answer 37
• The reflection of light inside glass. It happens where the glass meets the air (boundary)
because of a difference in densities
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Question 38
• What is the critical angle?
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Answer 38
• The angle above which the light starts total internal reflection
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Question 39
• Where does total internal reflection happen?
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Answer 39
• At the boundary between air and glass
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Question 40
• Name a use of total internal reflection
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Answer 40
• Fibre optics
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Question 41
• Name 3 uses of lasers
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Answer 41
• Communication, dental treatment, surgery, weapon guidance, bar code readers
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Question 42
• What is Morse code?
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Answer 42
• A code that uses dots and dashes to send messages
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Question 43
• Why is Morse code a digital signal?
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Answer 43
• The signal is either on or off
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Question 44
• Name 3 properties of lasers
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Answer 44
• Monochromatic (one frequency), coherent (in phase), does not diverge much
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Question 45
• How do CDs work? How are they read?
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Answer 45
• CD has shiny and transparent layer. They have pits in them-lasers are used and are reflected.
A digital signal is read
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Question 46
• What 2 molecules absorb microwave radiation?
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Answer 46
• Fat and water
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Question 47
• What happens to water and fat particles when the absorb microwaves?
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Answer 47
• They gain energy and start to vibrate/ move around
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Question 48
• How does the kinetic energy of the warm particles inside cooked food get to the rest of
the food?
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Answer 48
• Conduction/ convection
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Question 49
• Describe 4 properties of microwaves
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Answer 49
• Electromagnetic wave, travel through space, travels large distances, sent instantly
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Question 50
• What happens when you increase the frequency of a wave?
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Answer 50
• The energy of the wave increases, the wavelength of the wave decreases
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