BA 1/21

List 3 major events in U.S. history.

How do you think each event relates to geography?

A Brief History of the United States of America Chapters 7-8

SSWG8

The student will describe the interaction of physical and human systems that have shaped contemporary Canada and the United States.

c. Explain the reasons for the population distribution in Canada and the United States. d. Explain how the physical geography of Canada and the United States contributed to regional

growth and development. e. Describe the ethnic and religious groups in Canada and the United States; include major

customs and traditions. f. Analyze how transportation and communications improvements led to the growth of industry in the United States and the consequences of such growth, especially environmentally, for both

Canada and the United States.

Areas of Focus

4 groups have impacted American history:

1. American Indians

2. Spanish

3. French

4. British

1. American Indians Native Americans were first to settle North America

Occurred over 14,000 years ago

Traveled across Bering Strait or by boat along Alaskan coast

Created their own tribes, religion, & culture throughout North America

Many U.S. political & physical features still carry Native American names Political ex: Arizona (little spring place) , Kansas (south

wind people) , Nebraska (flat water) Physical ex: Mississippi (Great River), Ogeechee (River of

the Yuchis)

Add native video clip

2. Spanish

Spanish arrived in 1500s searching for gold

Settled St. Augustine, Florida

Eventually took over lands from Texas to California Set up missions to spread Christianity

Many western towns still contain Spanish names San Antonio, San Diego, Los Angeles, & San Francisco

Add map of Spanish territory

3. French

French first arrived in Quebec, Canada

Fur trappers spread into Great Lakes eventually travelling down Mississippi River

Spread culture & traditions from St. Louis to New Orleans

French fur trade

4. British Major influence on early U.S. history

Set up original 13 colonies Colony- territory controlled by people from a foreign land

Original colonies were located in ports, natural harbors, or rivers Ex: Philadelphia, Boston, Savannah, Charleston

Colonies designed to send raw materials to England South: cash crops (cotton & tobacco) due to good climate & soil North: timber, shipbuilding, fishing

First 2 British colonies

A. Jamestown, VirginiaB. Plymouth, Massachusetts

Map of original 13 colonies

A. Jamestown, VA

Created by British business investors looking to get rich through gold & silver

Nearly all died during first two winters

Eventually saved by creating tobacco

Tobacco growth will lead to slavery through the Middle Passage

Middle Passage- trade route from Africa to the New World bringing enslaved Africans to work in mines, sugar plantations, and tobacco fields Estimated 25-30 million slaves brought to New World through

Middle Passage

Map of middle passage

A triangle of trade: slavery becomes an industry- discovery streaming A triangle of trade: slavery becomes an

industry- discovery streaming

B. Plymouth, Massachusetts

Created by Puritans who sailed over on Mayflower Puritans: members of the Church of England that wanted to

purify its beliefs

Puritans harassed in England

Want to make a religious society that follows their beliefs in New World

Many of their beliefs on strong work ethic, religion, and culture are found in our society today

Video on Puritans and Mayflower Plymouth vs. Jamestown 2:08 Discovery streaming

Impact of European colonizers Each country brought their own foods, animals,

disease, language, religion, & culture

Animals: horses, cows, pigs, honey bees

Crops: wheat, barley, sugar cane

Diseases: measles, tuberculosis, smallpox, flu, whooping cough, malaria

Languages: Spanish, French, English

Religion: Christianity

American Independence & Expansion Americans defeat the British & create own country

Receive help from French and Native Americans

Learned guerrilla warfare from Native Americans Guerrilla Warfare: small military forces create a surprise

attack on their larger enemy After surprise attack, the small force retreats

Create new form of government through democracy Democracy: a form of government where the people elect

their representatives

In 1800s, began to move west for more farmland

American movement based on philosophy of Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny

American’s belief that it was their God given right to take over all land to the Pacific Ocean

Through Manifest Destiny, U.S. will forcefully remove Native Americans and Mexicans from their land during the 1800s

Trail of Tears video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIuCzdcHFLg

Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny Rap http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qrjg9ulR-x

o

Schoolhouse Rock version http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bs2w4lwQ

Rtc

Industrialization

Railroads allowed major cities to grow along train lines Originally major cities only grew around major

rivers & harbors

New farming machinery allowed farms to produce more food using fewer people

Irrigation & better plows allowed farmers to grow crops in the Great American Desert

1900s-Today

U.S. an industrial nation Industrial nation: country of factories, railroads, &

technology

After WWII, became a superpower Superpower: an extremely powerful nation capable of

influencing international events & policies of less powerful nations

Led to the growth of:

1. American economy (wealth, goods, & jobs)2. Influence on other nations3. American military bases & troops around the world

5 Hazards of America’s Growth1. Death of many Native American tribes

Introduction of new diseases American need for more land

2. Endangerment of many American species Ex: American bison & bald eagle

3. Destruction of Midwestern farmland Ex: 1930s Dustbowl

5 Hazards of America’s Growth continued4. Negative affects of slavery & racial inequality

today

5. Many countries believe that we interfere with their culture, beliefs, & wars Don’t like the growth of U.S. culture & the spread

of English Excuse used behind 9/11