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Bachelor’sCertificateDegreePrograminUrban-RegionalPlanningandUrbanDesign.PimaCollege;TucsonAZ
CONAHECCarlosGraizbord
INTERRELATIONSHIPSOFDISCIPLINES.SOCIALSCIENCES.INTEGRATEDPLANNING. ENGINEERING.ENVIRONMENTALPLANNING
SOCIALSCIENCES PLANNINGANDDESIGN NATURALSCIENCESANDENGINEERING
• Economics• Ecologicaleconomics• Geography• Sociology• Demography• Anthropology
REGIONALPLANNING(SPATIALECONOMICS)
• Regionalstructure• Interregionaltrade• Locationandmarketareaanalyses
• Naturalresourceeconomics• Geography• Environmentallaw
REGIONALLANDUSEPLANNING
• Environmentalregionallanduseplanning(IanMcHarg)
• Landscapearchitecture• Civilengineering• Hidraulicengineering• Engineering• Transportationplanning• Biology• Geology• Oceanology• Ecology
• Demography• Urbansociology• Urbaneconomics• Urbanlaw• Anthropology• Socialpsychology• Urbangeography• Publicadministration• Businessadministration
URBANLANDUSE-ENVIRONMENTAL-TRANSPORTATIONPLANNING
Chapin,Steinitzetc.
• Landscapearchitecture• Civilengineering• Engineering• Transportationplanning• Trafficengineering• Biology• Geology• Oceanology• Ecology
• Urbansociology• Proxemics• Urbaneconomics• Urbanlaw• Socialpsychology• Urbangeography• Publicadministration
URBANDESIGN • Landscapearchitecture• Ecology• Civilengineering• Engineering• Transportationplanning• Trafficengineering
DESIGN
Architectural,Environmental,Industrial,Graphic
• Landscapearchitecture• Civilengineering• Engineering
PLANNINGINANORGANIZATION.DECISIONMAKING.PROCEDURETOGETRESULTS.
clientleadershipteam
processesstrategiesresults
THEBRITONHARRISMATRIXANDTHESYSTEMSAPPROACH
1)NormatiiveSystems
1)Positivesystems
1)Normativemethod
1)Positivemethod
SYSTEMSAPPROACH
INNOVATION
• Thesystem’sapproachallowstheinclusionofinnovationthroughnewparadigms.
• Objectivesincludeourworldviewsandvalues
PRODUCTS
•POLICIES•PROGRAMS•PLANS•PROJECTS
THECURRICULA
• GENERALCOURSES• PlanningTheory• SpatialEconomicsandUrbanEconomics. LocationTheory• BASICCOURSES• PhysicalregionallanduseplanningandGIS• Urbanlanduseplanning• UrbanandArchitecturaldesign• Sustainability• Governance,administration,regulation
THECURRICULA
•SPECIALIZEDCOURSES• Trans-borderPlanning• Transportationandinfrastructure• LandscapeArchitecture• Urbansociology
URBANPROBLEMS
• Urbansprawl hasthefollowingimpactson:• Theenvironment,deteriorationofnaturalresourcesandopenspaces,airandwaterpollution
• Costs,highlandcosts,infrastructurecostsforurbanservices• Traffic, planning,lowpublictransportationridership• LowerQualityoflife ofcitizens• Efficiency,thereisinefficiencywhencomparedtomorecompactcities
PROBLEMS.URBANPHYSICALCONFIGURATION• Inturnthephysicalconfigurationofcities isaffectedasfollows:• Therearenoclearphysicallimits.• Nosenseofplace,noclearvisualorientationorvariety, chaoticlandscape,poorurbandesign(plazas,avenues,landmarks,parks).Thebuildingsaresimilarinallmoderncitiesundertheinfluenceoftheinternationalarchitectureofthe20thcenturyaddingtothisvisualchaos.
• Socialnetworks ofcitizensareofteninterregionalorinternationalanddonotcorrespondtoprojectsthattrytocreatespacesforlocalsocialinteraction.
• Thehighmobilityofcarsandothermoderntransportationmodeshascreatedanenvironmentwithoutpedestrians.Moderntransportationmodeshavefragmentedthecity, leavingnospacesforpedestriansorbicycles.
• Theurbanenvironmentshouldbeappreciatedbypedestriansandatpresentitisnotdesignedtobeappreciatedwhenridingincarsorotherhighspeedvehicles.
• Manyresidualspaces arecreatedwithoutdesigntreatment.Megastructuresandbigparkingspacesarepredominantintheurbanenvironment.
• Irregularandillegalneighborhoods areacommonvisualelementinmanyunderdevelopedcities.
GOALS OFPLANNING
• TOIMPROVEtheplanningprocessandmethods inordertoreinforceorganizationsinourregiononbothsidesoftheborder.
• “Plansarenothing;planningiseverything.”• DwightD.Eisenhower• TOIMPLEMENTspecificprojectsthatbenefitcommunities.• “Byfarthegreatestandmostadmirableformofwisdomisthatneededtoplanandbeautifycitiesandhumancommunities.”
• ―Socrates• TOPROMOTECOLLABORATIONANDCREATEALLIANCES. Supportcollaborationamonginterestgroupscreatingalliancesonaprojectbyprojectbasis.
• “Thestrengthoftheteamiseachindividualmember.Thestrengthofeachmemberistheteam.”• PhilJackson• TOPLANFORTHEFUTURE• Asplannersanddesignerswemustplanforfuturegenerations,andrepresentfuturecitizens.
OBJECTIVESOFPLANNING
• AccordingtoStuartChapin,”UrbanLandUsePlanning”,themultipleobjectives ofphysicalplanningare:
• healthandsafety,• convenienceandfunctionality,• efficiencyandenergyconservation,• environmentalquality,• socialequity,• amenityandaesthetics.
OBJECTIVESURBANDESIGN
• Orientationandvariety,nomonotony• Welldefinedcontainedurbanspaces androutes• Pedestrianorientation• Identity,memorability• NaturalLandscapetreatment• Organizationofurbanspace with:
• Districtsandsub-districts• Plazas• Parksandopenspaces,nodes-transitions• Routes• Landmarks• Borders
• REVITALIZATIONINVOLVESLOCALECONOMICDEVELOPMEMT• Marketanalysisanidentificationoflocaleconomicactivities
• REVITALIZATIONALSOINVOLVESSAFETY,DEFENSIBLESPACES
SPATIALECONOMICS
SPATIALECONOMICS
REGIONALLAND-USEPLANNING
URBANLAND-USEPLANNINGANDURBANDESIGN
PLANNINGMETHODS
•Normative•RationalComprehensive• Incremental• Interactive•Visioning•Strategic
DESIGNMETHODS
• Idealism=Internalized • Empirical=Programming• Rational =Classicism
GENERALPLANNINGMETHOD
• Diagnostic orreportonexistingconditions.Inphysicallanduseplanningaterritorialanalysiswouldincludethecapability,suitabilityandattractivenessanalyses
• Populationandland-useprojections orpredictions,• Developobjectives,policies,programs,andevaluationcriteria• Developaplan• Developspecificprojects• Developscenarios oftheplansandprojects• ImpactAnalysis:Evaluateplan,projectandscenarios(impactanalysis)• NegotiationandIntegrationofplanprojectsandtheirscenariosanddefineaplan andprojects
• CreateaGISdatabase• ProposeCOMBINEDimplementationstrategies andgeneraldesignguidelinesfortheirplanasoneofseveralsectorialappendicesofaplan.(negotiation,administration,financial,regulatory,P.R,PUBLICWORKS,education
• Proposeurbandesignguidelines forasectorialproject.
RATIONALCOMPREHENSIVEMETHOD.IMPACTANALYSESOFSCENARIOS
INTERACTIVEMETHOD.GISOPERATIONALMODES
PROFILEGRADUATINGSTUDENT.URBANPLANNING• Understandplanningtheory (methodologicalandsubstantive),andthevariousplanningapproachesandmethodsavailabletofitdifferentpoliticalanddecisionsituations.
• Familiarizethemselveswithspatialeconomics.Familiarizeinregionaleconomicanalyses suchascomparativecostadvantagesforlocationofeconomicactivities.Understandtheconceptsofregionalstructure,andinterregionaltrade.Makemarketareaanalyses.
• Makeregionallanduseplans usingsustainabilityprinciples.
• Developthenecessaryterritorialanalyses forregionsandurbanareasapplyingvaluationsthatincludeenvironmental,landuse,landuseattributesandsocio-economicvariablesconsideringmonetaryandnon-monetaryvalues.
• Familiarizethemselveswithnaturalresourcemanagement conceptsfromNaturalResourceEconomics.
• Identifyallthedisciplinesinvolvedinphysicalplanning andtheirproductsincludingnaturalresourceeconomics,regionalandurbandesignandtheirinterdisciplinarylinkagestothenaturalsciences,socialsciences,andengineering.
• Understandthenormativeandpositivesystems analysesandmethods.
• Beabletodefinesystems forasustainabledevelopment,attheregionalandurbanlevel,aswellassectorialplans(water,trash,landuseandothers.)
PROFILE
• Useasystemicproactive approachtoplanning.• Learntoapplyvariousprinciplesandmethods suchas,normative,rationalcomprehensive,interactive,incremental,strategic,advocacy,thresholdanalysis,tobeappliedinvariousdecisionsituations.
• Understandbasicconceptsofurbaneconomics,urbanpoliticsandadministrationaswellasurbansociology.
• Beabletomakelanduseplansinurbanareas,themetropolitanarea,theurbanfringeandthesurroundingnaturalenvironment.Makediagnostics,projections,(demographics,economic,landuseandurbanservices),objectives,policies,programs,plansandprojects,impactanalysesaswellasallimplementationstrategies suchasadministrative,regulatory,publicworks,negotiation,education,P.R.,andevaluations.
PROFILE
• Developplansandscenarios consideringlandusesandinfrastructure,Analyzeimpactssuchaslanduse,costs,health,energyefficiency,aesthetics,environment.ApplygrowthmanagementtechniquesincludingtheuseofGIS.
• DevelopImpactanalysesandevaluations, ofnormativeandpositiveplansandscenarios(marketforces)aswellasoptimizationplans(basedonwater,infrastructureandothers.)
• Studentswillbeabletodevelopsectorialplans suchasthoserelatedtotransborderplanning,urbandesign,socialpolicyandinfrastructure.
• Familiarizethemwithtransportationplanning specificallywithtraveldemandmodels.• Understandurbanandregionalinfrastructure,toincludethisinoptimizationland-usescenariosforlanduseplans.
• Understandurbaneconomics,urbanpoliticsandurbansociology.Learnabouteconomictechniquesforestimatingurbaneconomicgrowth;acquirenotionsofurbanizationeconomies,thepoliticalandgovernancecontextofplanning,aswellasurbansocialchangetheories,astheyaffecturbanland-useplanninganddesign.
• Understandtransborderplanning tobeabletoparticipateinthisuniquelocalphenomenoninthefuture.
• Learnaboutallordinancesandproceduresrelatedtopermitprocessing
PROFILEURBANDESIGN
• learnaboutUrbanDesignHistoryandsubstantiveandmethodologicaltheory• beabletodourbancomplexdesigns,relatingtobasiccomponentssuchasbuildingmassesandarchitecturalandpublicspaces.
• beabletodesignrevitalization,rehabilitation,renovationprojects• beabletodesignsuburbanrenovationprojects• beabletodesignforblightedareas,lowincomehousing,otherurbancomplexes• beabletodevelopprojectsinthetrans-borderandinternational-globalcontext• beabletointegratearchitecturaldesignwiththepublicspace• beabletouseseveraldesignmethodsandapproaches.• Learnaboutallordinancesandproceduresrelatedtopermitprocessing.