Elliptical constructionElliptical or Ellipsis is mergering

two statement by ommiting same predicate to become shorter and better organization.

Pattern 1. Positive Sentence 1 + and + S2 + aux. verb + tooSentence 1 + and + so + aux. verb + S2

2. Negative Sentence 1 + and + S2 + aux. verb + not + eitherSentence 1 + and + neither + aux. verb + S2Never,Seldom,Rarely,Few,Hardly,Barely,little

3. Contrary S 1 + verb (+) + but / while + S 2 + aux + notS 1 + verb (-) + but / while + S 2 + aux

4. BOTH … AND... (keduanya)5. NOT ONLY ….. BUT ALSO (bukan hanya…. tapi juga)6. EITHER ….OR …..(baik … maupun ….. / salah satu dari)7. NEITHER ….NOR….. (baik … maupun …..tidak  / salah satu dari)

ExampleHe is busy. I am

busy

My brother can swim well. You can swim well

I hardly do the test. My friend hardly does the test.

He is busy and I am tooHe is busy and so am I

• My brother can swim well and you can tooMy brother can swim well and so can you

• i hardly do the test and my friend doesn’t eitheri hardly do the test and neither does my friend

She does not have a pen. I have a pen.

She reads a book. I read a book

She does not read a book. He does not read a book

She reads a book. They read a book

She does not have a pen but/while I do

Both she and I read a book  

Neither she nor he reads a book

Not only she but also they read the book.

Example:Jack forgot what he read, it was

eithernewspaper or book

exercise1. My mother gets up early morning, but ………a. I am b.I am not c. I don’t either d. I don’te. I do , too

2. Father was angry with me and ………a. mother was, toob. mother did, tooc. mother wasn’t tood. mother is, tooe. so did mother

3. Jane is interested in literature, and so is Bob. This sentence means ………

a. Jane is interested in literature but Bob is notb. Bob is interested in literature but Jane is notc. Both Jane and Bob are interested in literatured. Jane is interested in literature and Bob tooe. Neither Jane or Bob is interested in literature

4. She didn’t write the letters until he left, and ………..

a. I didn’t too b. I did too c. I didn’t write too d. I didn’t either e. so did I

5. Niken was in the office yesterday and ………a. so was I b. so do I c. so did I d. so wasn’t I e. I wasn’t either

6. X: My uncle doesn’t speak FrenchY: …………………………….

a. either don’t Ib. neither don’t I c. I do eitherd. I don’t either e. so don’t I

7. Tuti studied Arabic, and so did her sister. It means:

a. Tuti studied Arabic but her sister didn’tb. Her sister studied Arabic but Tuti didn’tc. her sister didn’t study Arabic and Tuti didn’t

eitherd. Both Tuti and her sister studied Arabice. neither Tuti nor her sister studied Arabic

8. Bill: I didn’t speak to Mr. SmithJohn: ………………..a. Nor did ib. Neither i didc. nor I did d. I didn’t neither

9. I don’t think Amir knows anything about computers but he .....

a. Knowsb. Doesc. Knowd. Doe. Is

10. Kris does not have a pen. Kris does not have any paper. The two sentence can be combined into :

a. Kris doesn’t have a pen but paper

b. Kris has neither pen nor paperc. Kris has either a pen or paperd. Kris doesn’t have a pen and also

papere. Kris doesn’t not only a pen also

paper

11. the chairman of the organization did not attend the meeting, and .....

a. the secretary did toob. Neither didn’t the secretaryc. The secretary didn’t eitherd. Nor the secretary dide. So did the secretary

12. Because of the rain , the teacher couldn’t come on time and ....

a. I neither couldb. Neither didc. Also i could not id. I couldn’t eithere. So i didn’t

13. ira barely sleeps before midnight, and ...

a. Ita doesn’t neitherb. Neither does Itac. Either does Itad. doesn’t Ita eithere. Either does not Ita