Bi tp lp 11 SBT

Bi 1. S IN lI.

1. Natri florua (NaF) trong trng hp no di y khng dn in?

A. dd NaF trong nc B. NaFnng chy C. NaF rn khan D. dd NaF c tao thnh khi ha tan cng s mol NaOH v HF trong nc.

2. Cc dd sau y c cng nng mol, th dd no dn in km nht? A. HCl B. HFC. HID. HBr.

3. dd no di y dn in tt nht? A. NaI 0,002MB. NaI 0,010M C. NaI 0,100MD. NaI 0,001M4. V sao kh nng dn in ca dd nc vi trong gim dn theo thi gian khi ngoi khng kh?

5. Vit Pt in li ca cc cht trong dd cha: a. cc cht in li mnh: BeF2, HBrO4, K2CrO4.

b. cc cht in li yu: HBrO, HCN.

6. Tnh nng mol ca cc ion trong dd sau: a. NaClO4 0,020Mb. HBr 0,050Mc. KOH 0,010Md. KMnO4 0,015M

7. Trong dd CH3COOH 0,43.10(1M, ngi ta xc nh c nng ion H+ bng 0,86.10(3 mol/l. hi c bao nhiu phn trm phn t CH3COOH trong dd ny phn li ra ion? s: 2,0% Bi 2. AXIT, BAZ V MUI.

8. Theo A(r(ni(ut, cht no l axit?

A. Cr(NO3)3B. HBrO3C. CdSO4D. CsOH9. Theo A(r(ni(ut, cht no cu trn l baz?10. Axit mnh HNO3 v axit yu HNO2 c cng nng 0,10 mol/l v cng to. s so snh no ng?

A. < B. > C. =

D. <

11. Vit Pt in li ca cc cht sau trong dd: axit mnh (nc th nht in li mnh); axit yu ba nc ; hiroxit lng tnh ; Na2HPO4; NaH2PO4; axit mnh HMnO4; baz mnh RbOH

12. Vit Pt ha hc di dng ion rt gn ca cc phn ng chng minh rng l hiroxit lng tnh13. Khi mt cht A tan trong nc to ra cc ion v c cng nng mol. Vit cng thc phn tca A v Pt in li ca n?

14. Hai hp cht A v B khi ha tan trong nc mi cht to ra hai loi ion vi nng nh sau: [] = 0,10 mol/l ; [] = 0,10 mol/l ; [] = 0,01 mol/l ; [] = 0,10 mol/l ; [] = 0,10 mol/l. Vit cng thc phn t ca A, B v Pt in li ca chng trong dd?Bi 3. S IN LI CA NC. pH. CHT CH TH AXIT BAZ.

15. Gi tr tch s ion ca nc ph thuc vo:

A. p sut

B. nhit

C. s c mt ca axit ha tanD. s c mt ca baz ha tan.

16. Ha tan mt axit vo nc kt qu l: A. [] < [].

B. [] = [].

C. [] > [].

D. [][] > 1,0..

17. Dung dch ca mt baz c: A. [] = 1,0.M .

B. [] < 1,0.M

C. [] > 1,0.M

D. [][] > 1,0.

18. Tch s ion ca nc mt s nhit nh sau: ; ; Hi s in li ca nc l thu nhit hay ta nhit?

19. Dng cc s liu bi trn. Hy xc nh mi trng axit, trung tnh, kim v da vo nng (gi tr [] mi)? s: 20oC []= []=8,37. mol/l 20. *Nc nguyn cht c nng = 1,0.mol/l. Hi c bao nhiu phn trm phn t H2O phn li ta ion ny, bit ? s: 1,8. %21. C 250,0ml dd HCl 0,40M. Hi phi thm bao nhiu ml nc vo dd ny c dd c pH=1,00 (coi nc phn li khng ng k). s: 750,0ml 22. Cn bao nhiu gam NaOH pha ch thnh 250,0ml dd c pH=10,00? s: 1,0. g23. Ch dng thuc th phenolphtalein, hy trnh by cch phn bit ba dd cng nng mol sau: KOH, HNO3, H2SO4.

Bi 4. PHN NG TRAO I ION TRONG DUNG DCH CC CHT IN lI.

24. Phn ng no di y l phn ng trao i ion trong dd? A. Zn + H2SO4 ( ZnSO4 + H2(

B. Fe(NO3)3 + 3KNO3 ( ( + 3NaNO3

C. 2Fe(NO3)3 + 2KI ( 2Fe(NO3)2 + I2( + 2KNO3

D. Zn + 2Fe(NO3)3 ( Zn(NO3)2 + 2Fe(NO3)2

25. Phn ng no trong s cc phn ng di y l phn ng trao i ion trong dd, c th dng iu ch HF?

A. H2 + F2 ( 2HF.

B. NaHF NaF + HF

C. CaF2 + 2HCl CaCl2 + 2HF

D. CaF2 + H2SO4 CaSO4( + 2HF( .

26. Phn ng to thnh PbSO4 no di y khng phi l phn ng trao i ion trong dd?

A. Pb(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 ( PbSO4( + 2NaNO3

B. + H2SO4 ( PbSO4( + 2H2O

C. PbS + 4H2O2 ( PbSO4( + 4H2O

D. (CH3COO)2Pb + H2SO4 ( PbSO4( + 2CH3COOH.

27. l hiroxit lng tnh. Phn t axit c dng HAlO2.H2O. Hy vit pt ha hc di dng ion rt gn th hin tnh lng tnh ca n?28. Dng phn ng trao i ion tch: a. cation ra khi dd cha cc cht tan Mg(NO3)2 v KNO3.

b. anion ra khi cc dd cha cc cht tan K3PO4 v KNO3.29. Dng 6,00 kg CaF2 v H2SO4 d thu c 2,86 kg HF. Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng? s: 92,9% 30. Trong y hc, dc phm Nabica (NaHCO3) l cht dng trung ha bt lng d axit HCl tron d dy. Hy vit Pt ha hc di dng phn t v ion rt gn ca phn ng . Tnh th tch dd HCl 0,0350M (nng axit trong d dy) c trung ha v th tch kh CO2 sinh ra ktc khi ung 0,336g NaHCO3. s:8,96.l 31. Mt mu nc cha Pb(NO3)2. xc nh hm lng , ngi ta ha tan mt lng d Na2SO4 vo 500,0ml nc . lm kh kt ta sau phn ng thu c 0,960g PbSO4. Hi nc ny c b nhim c ch khng, bit rng nng ch ti a cho php trong nc sinh hot l 0,10mg/ml ? s: 1,31mg/l nc nhim c Pb.32. Ha tan 1,952g mui BaCl2.xH2O trong nc. Thm H2SO4 long, d vo dd thu c. Kt ta to thnh c lm kh v cn c 1,864g. Xc nh5 cing thc ha hc ca mui? s: BaCl2.2H2O.33. ha tan ht 0,8g mt kim loi ha tr II trong 100,0ml H2SO4 0,50M. lng axit d trung ha va vi 33,4ml dd NaOH 1,00M. Xc nh tn kim loi? s: Mg34. Tnh nng mol ca dd HCl, nu 30,0ml dd ny phn ng va vi 0,2544g Na2CO3. s: 0,160M35. Trong y hc dc phm sa magie (cc tinh th l lng trong nc), c dng tr chng kh tiu do d axit (HCl). trung ha ht 788,0ml dd HCl 0,0250M trong d dy cn bao nhiu ml sa magie, bit rng trong 1,0ml sa magie cha 0,080g ? s: 10ml.36. Ha tan 0,887g hn hp NaCl v KCl trong nc. X l dd thu c bng mt lng d dd AgNO3. lc kt ta xy kh cn c 1,913g. tnh thnh phn % tng cht trong hn hp. s: KCl :56,4%Bi 5. lUYN TP. AXIT BAZ V MUI. PHN NG TRAO I ION TRONG DUNG DCH CC CHT IN lI.

37. Mt mu nc ma c pH= 4,82. vy [] l: A.1,0.M B.1,0.M C. 1,5.M D.1,5.M

38. dung dch axit mnh mt nc X nng 0,010mol/l c pH= 2,00 v dd baz mnh mt nc Y nng 0,010mol/l c pH= 12,00, Vy:

A. X v Y l cc cht in li mnh

B. X v Y l cc cht in li yu

C. X l cht in li mnh, Y l cht in li yu.

D. X l cht in li yu, Y l cht in li mnh.39. Dd axit mnh H2SO4 0,10M c:

A. pH= 1,00.B. pH< 1,00.C. pH> 1,00. D. [] > 0,20M

40. C V(l) dd NaOH 0,60M. Nhng trng hp no di y lm pH ca dd NaOH gim xung?

A. thm V(l) nc ctB. thm V(l) dd KOH 0,67M

C. thm V(l) dd HCl 0,30MD. thm V(l) dd NaNO3 0,40M.

41. Nng trong ru vang l 3,2.M. Sau khi m np chai h trong khng kh mt thng, nng lc nu l 1,0.M. Hi pH ca ru vang tng ln hay gim xung trong khng kh?42. Vt pt phn t ng vi pt ion rt gn sau: a. + ( BaCO3 (

b. + 3 ( (

c. + ( NH3( + H2O

d. + 2 ( H2S(

e. HClO + ( + H2O

g. CO2 + 2 ( + H2O

43. Vit Pt dng phn t v ion rt gn ca phn ng trong dd theo s sau:

a. Pb(NO3)2 + ? ( PbCl2( + ?

b. + ? ( Na2CuO2 + ?

c. MgCO3 + ? ( MgCl2 + ?

d. + ? ( H3PO4 + ?

e. FeS + ? ( FeCl2 + ?

g. Fe2(SO4)3 + ? ( K2SO4 + ? 44. ha tan hon ton 0,12g Mg trong 100,0ml dd HCl 0,20M. Tnh pH ca dd sau khi phn ng kt thc (coi th tch dd thay i khng ng k). s: pH=1.45. Trong nc bin, Mg c hm lng ln th hai sau Na. Mi kg nc bin cha khong 1,3g magie di dng ion. nhiu quc gia, magie c khai thc t nc bin. Qu trnh sn xut Mg t nc bin gm cc giai on sau: 1. Nung vi thnh vi sng.2. Ha tan vi sng trong nc bin to ra kt ta .3. Ha tan k t ta trong dd HCl 4. in phn MgCl2 nng chy. Hy vit pt ha hc xy ra di dng phn t v ion rt gn (nu c) ca qu trnh sn xut trn.46. *Nc cha nhiu ion v l nc cng. Nc cha t hoc khng cha cc ion v l nc mn. Nc cng khng ph hp cho vic s dng trong cng nghip v sinh hot. Trong nc thng cha cc hp cht Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2, CaCl2, MgCl2 ha tan. loi cc ion v di dng Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2 v MgCl2 ngi ta cho vi sa vo nc s to ra cc kt ta CaCO3 v . loi di dng CaCl2 ngi ta ha tan Na2CO3 vo nc s to kt ta CaCO3. Hy vit cc pt ha hc di dng phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng trn.47. *C 6 dd ng trong 6 l mt nhn: Mg(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, AlCl3, KOH v NaCl. Ch dng thm dd AgNO3 v mt thuc th na, hy trnh by cch nhn bit tng dd. Vit cc Pt ha hc di dng phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng nhn bit . Bi 7. NIT48. Trong nhng nhn xt di y, nhn xt no l khng ng?A. Ngt nit c hai lp e v lp ngoi cng c 3e.B. S hiu ngt ca nit bng 7.C. Ba e phn lp 2p ca ngt nit c th to c ba lin kt cng ha tr vi cc ngt khc.

D. Cu hnh e ca ngt nit l: 1s22s22p3 v nit l ngt p.49. Trong nhng nhn xt no di y, nhn xt no sai? A. Nit khng duy tr s h hp v nit l kh c.

B. V c lin kt ba nn phn t nit rt bn v thng kh tr v mt ha hc.C. Khi tc dng vi kim loi, nit th hin tnh kh.

D. S oxi ha ca nit trong cc hp cht v ion: AlN, N2O4, ,,, ln lt l: (3, +4, (3, +5, +3.50. Ch ra cht kh, cht oxi ha trong phn ng iu ch nit: NH4NO2 N2 + 2H2O. trong phn ng ny s oxi ha ca nit thay i nh th no?

51. Cho hn hp cc kh sau: N2, CO2, SO2, Cl2, HCl. lm th no thu c nit tinh khit t hn hp kh trn. Gii thch cch lm v vit cc pt ha hc?52. Trong mt bnh kn dung tch 10,0 l cha 21,0 g nit. Tnh p sut ca kh trong bnh, bit nhit ca kh bng s: P=1,83 atm53. Nn mt hn hp kh gm 2,0 mol nit v 7,0 mol hiro trong mt bnh phn ng c sn cht xc tc thch hp v nhit ca bnh c gi khng i Sau phn ng thu c 8,2 mol mt hn hp kh. a. Tnh phn trm s mol N2 phn ng.b. Tnh th tch (ktc) kh amoniac c to thnh. s: a. 20% ; b. 17,9l.Bi 8. AMONIAC V MUI AMONI.

54. Trong dd, amoniac l mt baz yu l do: A. amoniac tan nhiu trong nc.B. phn t amoniac l phn t phn ccC. khi tan trong nc, amoniac kt hp vi nc to ra cc ion v .D. khi tan ttrong nc, ch mt phn nh cc phn t amoniac kt hp vi ion ca nc, to ra cc ion v .55. C hin tng g xy ra khi tin hnh cc th nghim sau: 1. cho kh amoniac ly d tc dng vi ng (II) oxit khi un nng.2. cho kh amoniac ly d tc dng vi kh clo.3. cho kh amoniac tc dng vi oxi khng kh khi c platin lm cht xc tc 850( Vit cc Pt ha hc minh ha?56. Dy no di y gm cc cht m nguyn t nit c kh nng va th hin tnh kh va th tnh oxi ha khi tham gia phn ng?A. NH3, N2O5, N2, NO2.B. NH3, NO, HNO3, N2O5.C. N2, NO, N2O, N2O5.D. NO2, N2, NO, N2O3.57. Phn ng tng hp amoniac l phn ng thun nghch: N2(k) + 3H2(k) 2NH3(k) ; ((= (92kJ. Cn bng ca phn ng ny chuyn dch ntn khi bin i mt trong cc iu kin sau y? Gii thch.1. Tng p sut chung bng cch nn cho th tch ca h gim xung.2. Gim nhit .3. Thm kh nit.4. Dng cht xc tc thch hp.

58. Cho lng d kh amoniac i t t qua ng s cha 3,2g CuO nung nng n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c cht rn A v mt hn hp kh. cht rn A phn ng va vi 20,0ml dd HCl 1,00M. a. Vit pthh ca cc phn ng.b. Tnh th tch kh nit (ktc) c to thnh sau phn ng. s: 224ml.59. Trong nhng nhn xt di y v mui amoni, nhn xt no ng?A. Mui amoni l cht tinh th ion, phn t gm cation amoni v anion hiroxit.B. Tt c cc mui amoni u d tan trong nc, khi tan in li hon ton thnh cation amoni v anion gc axit.C. Dd mui amoni tc dng vi dd kim c, nng cho thot ra cht kh lm qu tm ha .D. Khi nhit phn nui amoni lun c kh amoniac thot ra.

60. Nu nhng c im khc nhau v tnh cht ha hc gia mui amoni clorua v mui kali clorua. Vit Pthh minh ha?

61. Hon thnh cc pthh sau:a. ? + ( NH3 + ?b. (NH4)3PO4 NH3 + ? c. NH4Cl + NaNO2 ( ? +?d. (NH4)2Cr2O7 N2 + Cr2O3 + ?

62. Ch c dng mt kim loi, hy trnh by cch phn bit cc mui sau: NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, K2SO4. Vit pthh ca cc phn ng xy ra.

63. Cho dd n d vo 75,0ml dd mui amonisunfat. a. Vit pthh ca phn ng dng phn t v ion thu gonb. Tnh nng mol ca cc ion trong dd mui ban u, bit phn ng to ra 17,475g mt cht kt ta. B qua s thy phn ca ion amoni trong dd. s: []=2,00mol/l ; []=1,00mol/l.Bi 9. AXIT NITRIC V MUI NITRAT.

64. Khi un nng, phn ng gia cp cht no sau y to ra ba oxit?

A. Axit nitric c v cacbon.B. axit nitric c v lu hunh.C. Axit nitric c v ng.D. Axit nitric c v bc.65. lp cc Pthh sau: a. Fe + HNO3 ? + NO2( +?

b. Fe + HNO3 l ( ? + NO( + ? c. FeO + HNO3 l ( ? + NO( + ?d. Fe2O3 + HNO3 l ( ? + ? e. FeS + + ( ? + N2O( + ? + ? 66. Ha tan bt km trong dd HNO3 l, d thu c dd A v hn hp kh gm N2 v N2O. Thm NaOH d vo dd A, thy c kh mi khai thot ra. Vit pthh ca tt c cc phn ng xy ra di dng ion rt gn.

67. C cc cht sau y: NO2, NaNO3, HNO3, Cu(NO3)2, KNO2, KNO3. Hy lp thnh mt dy chuyn ha biu din mi quan h gia cc cht . Vit cc pthh v ghi iu kin phn ng nu c.68. Khi ha tan 30,0g hn hp ng v ng (II) oxit trong dd HNO3 1,00M ly d, thy thot ra 6,72 l kh NO ( ktc). Tnh khi lng ca ng (II) trong hn hp ban u. s: 0,450mol.69. Ha tan mt oxit kim loi bng dd HNO3 d, to thnh 34,0g mui nitrat v 3,6g H2O (khng c sn phm khc). Tm cng thc oxit v khi lng ca oxit phn ng. s: natri70. Vit ptthh th hin chuyn ha mui natri nitrat thnh mui kali nittrat, cc ha cht coi nh c .

71. Trong nhng nhn xt v mui nitrat ca kim loi, nhn xt no khng ng?A. Tt c cc mui nitrat u d tan trong nc.B. Cc mui nitrat u l cht in li mnh, khi tan trong nc phn li ra cation kim loi v anion nitrat.C. Cc mui nitrat u d b phn hy bi nhit.

D. Cc mui nitrat ch c s dng lm phn bn ha hc trong nng nghip.72. C nm l khng dn nhn ng rin tng dd: Al(NO3)3, NH4NO3, AgNO3, FeCl3, KOH. Khng c dng thm thuc th no khc, hy nu cch phn bit cht trong mi l. Vit pthh cc phn ng?

73. nhn bit ion trong dd, c th dng kim loi nhm kh ion trong mi trng kim. Khi phn ng to ion aluminat v gii phng kh amoniac. Hy vit pthh dng ion rt gn.74. Nhit phn hon ton 27,3g hn hp rn X gm NaNO3 v Cu(NO3)2, thu c hn hp kh c th tch 6,72l (ktc). a. Vit pthh xy rab. Tnh thnh phn % v khi lng mi mui trong X? s: NaNO3 31,1% ; Cu(NO3)2 68,9%.Bi 10. PHOTPHO

75. Xc nh s oxi ha ca photpho trong cc hp cht v ion sau: PH3, , , ,P2O3, PCl5, HPO3, H4P2O7. 76. Vit cc pthh th hin s chuyn ha: Ca3(PO4)2 XY PH3 Z.77. Hy ghp cc v A, B, C, D, E, G. Vi cc v 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. c cu ng?A. Ngt photpho c B. ngt photpho c C. ngt photpho c phn lp 3d D. trn photpho trng t bc chy trong khng kh E. photpho ch bc chy trong khng kh G. nhit thng photpho trng pht quang 1. m in nh hn so vi ngt nit.2.cn trng, khng c cc e.3. in tch ht nhn ln hn so vi ngt nit.4. trong bng tt.5. khi un nng n 6. nn phi ngm trong nc.7. khi chiu sng.78. t chy hon ton 6,2g photpho trong oxi d. Cho sn phm to thnh tc dng vi 150,0ml dd NaOH 2,0M. Tnh khi lng mui thu c? 79. t chy a gam photpho trong khng kh ly d, ri ha tan hon ton sn phm vo 500,0ml dd H3PO4 85% (D=1,700g/ml). Sau khi ha tan sn phm, nng ca dd H3PO4 xc nh c l 92,60%. Tnh gi tr a? s: 62,16g.Bi 11. AXIT PHOTPHORIC V MUI PHOTPHAT.

80. Dd axit photphoric c cha cc ion (khng k v ca nc): A. ,

B. , , .C. ,,.D. ,, , .

81. Vit pthh ca cc phn ng iu ch H3PO4 t qung apatit. Ti sao H3PO4 iu ch bng phng php ny li khng tinh khit?82. Cho cc cht: Ca3(PO4)2, P2O5, P, H3PO4, NaH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, Na3PO4, Ag3PO4. Hy lp thnh mt dy bin ha biu din quan h gia cc cht trn. Vit Pthh v nu r phn ng thuc loi no?83. Bng phng php ha hc hy phn bit cc cht mt nhn ring bit gm: Na3PO4, NaCl, NaBr, Na2S, NaNO3. Nu r hin tng v vit Pthh?

84. Trong dy no sau y tt c cc mui u t tan trong nc?A. AgNO3, Na3PO4, CaHPO4, CaSO4.B. AgI, CuS, BaHPO4, Ca3(PO4)2.C. AgCl, PbS, Ba(H2PO4)2, .D. AgF, CuSO4, BaCO3, Ca(H2PO4)2.

85. Cho 62,0g canxi photphat tc dng vi 49,0g dd axit sunfuric 64,0%. lm bay hi dd thu c n khan th c mt hn hp cht rn. Xc nh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp rn? (Cho H=100%) s: CaHPO4 = 21,76g ; Ca(H2PO4)2 = 28,08g ; CaSO4 = 45,52g.Bi 12. PHN BN HA HC.

86. Phn m ur thng ch cha 46,00% N. Khi lng ur cung cp 70,00kg N l: A. 152,2(kg) B. 145,5(kg) C. 160,9(kg)

D. 200,0(kg)

87. Phn supepphotphat kp thc t sn xut c thng ch ng vi 40,0% P2O5. Hm lng ca canxi ihirophotphat trong phn bn ny l: A. 69,0% B. 65,9% C. 71,3% D. 73,1%

88. Phn kali clorua sn xut c t qung xinvinit thng ch ng vi 50,0% K2O. Hm lng KCl c trong phn bn ny l: A. 72,9% B. 76,0% C. 79,2% D. 75,5%.

89. T amoniac, vi, nc, khng kh v cc cht xc tc thch hp, hy vit cc pthh iu ch phn m: a. canxi nitratb. amoni nitrat.

90. Vit Pthh thc hin cho dy chuyn ha: Bt photphoric axit photphoric amophot canxi photphat axit photphoric supephotphat kp.91. Mt mu supephotphat n c khi lng 15,55g cha 35,43% Ca(H2PO4)2, cn li l CaSO4. Tnh t l % P2O5 trong mu supephotphat n trn? s: 21,50% 92. Cho 40,32m3 amoniac (ktc) tc dng vi 147,0kg axit photphoric to thnh mt loi phn bn amophot c t l mol l: . Vit Pthh ca phn ng to thnh phn bn amophot v tnh khi lng (kg) ca amophot thu c? 177,6 kg.Bi 13. luyn Tp. TNH CHT CA NIT, PHOTPHO V CC HP CHT CA CHNG

93. Vit Pthh thc hin cho dy chuyn ha: a. NH4Cl NH3N2NONO2HNO3NaNO3NaNO2.

b. Ca3(PO4)2PP2O5 H3PO4NaH2PO4Na2HPO4Na3PO4.

94. Kh nit c th c th c to thnh trong phn ng ha hc no?A. t chy NH3 trong oxi c mt cht xc tc platin.B. Nhit phn NH4NO3.C. Nhit phn AgNO3.D. Nhit phn NH4NO2.

95. Cp cht no sau y c th tn ti trong mt dd?A. axit nitric v ng (II) oxit.B. ng (II) nitrat v amoniac.C. Bari hiroxit axit photphoric.D. amoni hirophotphat v kali hiroxit.96. Vit pthh dng phn t v ion rt gn ca phn ng gia cc dd sau: a. Bari clorua v natri photphat.b. axit photphoric v canxi hiroxit, to mui axit t tan.c. axit nitric c, nng v kim loi std. natri nitrat, axit sunfuric long v kim loi ng.

97. C 4 l khng nhn ng ring bit tng dd long cc cht: H3PO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3, (NH4)2SO4. Ch s dng dd HCl, hy nhn bit chng v vit Pthh ca cc phn ng.

98. Cho cc cht sau: 3Ca3(PO4)2.CaF2, H3PO4, NH4H2PO4, NaH2PO4, K3PO4, Ag3PO4. Hy lp thnh mt dy bin ha biu din quan h gia cc cht trn. Vit Pthh cho dy bin ha .99. Ha tan ht 12,8g kim loi ha tr II trong mt lng dd HNO3 60,0% (D= 1,365g/ml), thu c 8,96l mt kh mu nu duy nht (ktc). Tm tn kim loi v th tch dd HNO3 dng? s: Cu ; V= 61,5ml.100. Ha tan ht 70,40g kim loi R trong mt lng dd HNO3 60,0% (D= 1,365g/ml), thu c 49,28l mt kh mu nu duy nht (ktc). Tm tn kim loi v th tch dd HNO3 dng? 101. Rt dd cha 11,76g H3PO4 vo dd cha 16,80g KOH, tnh khi lng mui khan thu c? 23,16g.Bi 15. CACBON.

102. Chn nhn xt khng ng?A. Kim cng l cacbon hon ton tinh khit, trong sut, khng mu, khng dn in.B. Than ch mm do cu trc lp, cc lp ln cn lin kt vi nhau bng lc tng tc yu.C. Than g, than xng c kh nng hp ph cc cht kh v cht tan trong dd.D. Khi t chy cacbon, phn ng ta nhiu nhit, sn phm thu c ch l kh cacbonic.

103. nhit cao, cacbon c th phn ng vi nhiu n cht v hp cht. Hy lp cc Pthh sau v cho bit phn ng no cacbon th hin tnh kh (ghi r s oxi ha trong tng phn ng). 1. C + S ( 2. C+ Al ( 3. C + Ca ( 4. C + H2O ( 5. C + CuO ( 6. C + HNO3 ( 7. C + H2SO4 ( 8. C + KClO3 ( 9. C + CO2 ( 104. loi than no sau y khng c trong thin nhin?A. than chB. Than antraxit.C. than nu. D. than cc.

105. xc nh hm lng % cacbon trong mu gang trng ngi ta t mu gang trong oxi d. Sau , xc nh lng kh CO2 to thnh bng cch dn qua nc vi trong d, lc ly kt ta ra sch, sy kh ri em cn. Vi mt mu gang nng 5,00g v khi lng kt ta l 1,00g. Tnh hm lng % cacbon trong mu gang. s: 2,4%.106. t mt mu than ch cha tp cht lu hunh trong oxi. Cho hn hp kh thot ra tc dng vi lng d dd brom, thy c 0,32g brom phn ng. Cho kh thot ra khi dd brom tc dng vi lng d nc vi trong, thu c 10,00g kt ta.a. Vit pthh cc p xy ra.b. Xc nh % khi lng ca cacbon trong mu than ch. s: 94,9%.Bi 16. HP CHT CA CACBON.

107. Hon thnh cc pthh sau (xc nh vai tr cht tham gia phn ng)1. CO + O2 ?2. CO + Cl2 ?3. CO + CUO ?4. CO + Fe3O4 ?5. CO + I2O5 I2 + ?6. CO2 + Mg ?7. CO2 + CaO ( 8. CO2d + ( 9. CO2 + H2O ?10. CO2 + CaCO3 + H2O ( ?11. CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + ?108. Cn thm t nht bao nhiu ml dd Na2CO3 0,15M vo 25ml dd Al2(SO4)3 0,02M lm kt ta hon ton ion nhm di dng ? (Cho phn ng to kh CO2). s: 10ml.109. C cc cht: CO2(k), dd (NH4)2CO3, dd NaHCO3, dd Ba(HCO3)2, dd Na2SO4, dd NaOH, dd BaCl2, CaO (r). Vit pthh dnh phn t v ion rt gn khi cho tng i mt tc dng vi nhau.

110. Nung 48,8g mt hn hp gm NH4HCO3, NaHCO3, Ca(HCO3)2 n khi lng khng i, thu c 16,2g cht rn. Ha tan rn ny vi dd HCl d, th c 2,24l kh (ktc). Xc nh % khi lng mi mui trong hn hp. s: % NH4HCO3 = 32,4% ; % NaHCO3 = 34,4% ; Ca(HCO3)2 = 33,2% 111. Bi 17. SIlIC V HP CHT CA SIlIC.

112. Hon thnh cc pthh (ghi r iu kin nu c). Xc nh vai tr ca Si trong cc phn ng : 1. Si + X2:(F2; Cl2; Br2) ( ?2. Si + O2 ( ?3. Si + Mg ( ?4. Si + KOH + ? ( K2SiO3 + ? 5. SiO2 + NaOH ( ?113. Natri silicat c th c to thnh bng cch: A. un SiO2 vi NaOH nng chy.B. cho SiO2 tc dng vi dd NaOH long. C. cho dd K2SiO3 tc dng vi dd NaHCO3.D. cho Si tc dng vi dd NaCl.114. Silic v nhm u phn ng c vi dd cc cht trong dy no?A. HCl, HF.B. NaOH, KOH.C. Na2CO3, KHCO3.D. BaCl2, AgNO3.

115. Cho cc cht: silic, silic ioxit, axit silixic, natri silicat, magie silixua. Hy lp thnh mt dy chuyn ha gia cc cht trn v vit pthh cho s .

116. Cho a gam hn hp X gm Si v Al tc dng vi dd NaOH d, thu c 1,792l hiro (ktc). Mt khc, cng lng hn hp X nh trn khi tc dng vi dd HCl d, thu c 0,672l hiro (ktc). Tnh a? s: 1,240gBi 18. CNG NGHIP SIlICAT.

117. loi thy tinh kh nng chy cha 18,43% K2O; 10,98% CaO v 70,59% SiO2 c cng thc di dng oxit l: A. K2O.CaO.4SiO2.

B. K2O.2CaO.6SiO2. C. K2O.CaO.6SiO2. D. K2O.3CaO.8SiO2.

118. sn xut 100,0kg loi thy tinh c cng thc Na2O.CaO.6SiO2 cn phi dng bao nhiu kg natri cacbonat? (cho H=100%).A. 22,17B. 27,12C. 25,15D. 20,92.

119. Ti sao khng c dng cc chai l bng thy tinh ng dd axit flohiric? 120. D sn xut thy tinh loi thng thng, ngi ta nu chy mt hn hp gm ct trng (SiO2), vi (CaCO3), s a (Na2CO3) 1400oC. Khi s to ra mt hn hp cc mui natri silicat nng chy, ngui s c thy tinh rn. Hy vit pthh ca qu trnh trn.

121. Clanhkexi mng Poolng gm cc hp cht canxi xilicat Ca3SiO5, Ca2SiO4 v canxi aluminat Ca3(AlO3)2. Hy biu din cng thc ca cc cht trn di dng cc oxit v tnh % khi lng canxi oxit trong mi cht? s: 73,7% CaO trong Ca3SiO5 ; 65,1% CaO trong Ca2SiO4 ; trong Ca3(AlO3)2 c 62,2% CaOBi 19. lUYN TP. TNH CHT CA CACBON, SIlIC V CC HP CHT CA CHNG.

122. Cacbon phn ng vi tt c cc cht trong dy no?A. Na2O, NaOH, HCl.B. Al, HNO3, KClO3.C. , Na2CO3, CaCO3.D. NH4Cl, KOH, AgNO3.123. Silic phn ng c vi tt c cc cht trong dy no?A. CuSO4, SiO2, H2SO4long.B. F2, Mg, NaOH.C. HCl, Fe(NO3)3, CH3COOH.D. Na2SiO3, Na3PO4, NaCl.

124. Vit cc pthh cho s : SiO2SiNa2SiO3H2SiO3SiO2CaSiO3.125. Hy dn ra ba phn ng trong CO th hin tnh kh v ba phn ng trong CO2 th hin tnh oxi ha.

126. Cn bng ny: CO2 + H2O H2CO3. Chuyn dch ntn khi: un nng dd; khi thm NaOH; khi thm HCl. Gii thch.

127. Cho 14,3g Na2CO3.10H2O vo 200,0g dd CaCl2 3,00%. Sau phn ng, cho t t 1,500l (ktc) kh CO2 vo hn hp thu c, lc ly kt ta. Tnh lng ta thu c? bit ch c 60% lng CO2 tham gia phn ng. s: 098gBi 20. M U V HA HC HU C.

128. So vi cc cht v c, cc cht hu c thng c?A. tan trong nc ln.B. bn nhit cao hn.C. kh nng tham gia phn ng ha hc vi tc nhanh hn.

D. nhit nng chy thp hn. nhn xt no ng?

129. c tnh no chung cho phn ln cht hu c?A. lin kt trong phn t ch yu l lin kt ion.B. dd c tnh dn in tt. C. c nhit si thp.D. t tan trong benzen.

130. Nung mt cht hu c X vi lng d cht oxi ha CuO, ngi ta thy thot ra kh CO2, hi H2O v kh N2. A. cht X chc chn cha cacbon, hiro, c th c nit.B. X l hp cht ca 3 ngt C, H, N.C. X l hp cht ca 4 ngt C, H, O, N.D. cht X chc chn cha cacbon, hiro, nit; c th c hoc khng c oxi. Chn nhn xt ng nht.131. Oxi ha hon ton 2,50g cht hu c A (cha 2 ngt), thu c 3,60g H2O. Xc nh cc ngt trong A bng phng php nh tnh v nh lng? s: %H=16%, %C=84%.132. Oxi ha hon ton 5,00g cht hu c X, thu c 8,4l CO2 (ktc) v 4,50g H2O. Tnh % khi lng tng ngt trong X? s: %C=90%, %H=10%.133. t chy hon ton 2,50g cht hu c X cn 3,36l O2 (ktc). Ch thu c CO2 v H2O, vi khi lng CO2 nhiu hn khi lng H2O l 3,70g.Tnh % khi lng tng ngt trong X? s: %C= 60%, %H=8% , %O=32%134. Oxi ha hon ton 6,15g cht hu c X, thu c 6,72l CO2 v 0,56l N2 (ktc) ; 2,250g H2O. Tnh % khi lng tng ngt trong X? s: %C= 58,5%, %H=4,1% , %O=26,0% , %N=11,4%Bi 21. CNG THC PHN T HP CHT HU C.

135. Nhn xt sau y ng hay sai? A. Hai hp cht c cng cng thc n gin nht th bao gi cng c cng ctpt.B. Hai hp cht c cng ctpt th bao gi cng c cng cng thc n gin nht.C. Nu bit bn cht cc ngt v % khi lng ca tng ngt trong mt hp cht th c th lp cng thc n gin nht ca hp cht .D. Nu bit bn cht cc ngt v % khi lng ca tng ngt trong mt hp cht th c th lp cng thc phn t ca hp cht .136. Nhn xt no ng? A. axetilen v benzen c cng ctpt v ctgn.B. axetilen v benzen khc nhau v ctpt v ctgn.C. axetilen v benzen khc nhau v ctpt nhng ging nhau v ctgn.D. axetilen v benzen ging nhau v ctpt nhng khc nhau v ctgn.

137. t chy hon ton 2,20g cht hu c X, ch thu c 4,40g CO2 v 1,80g H2O.a. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca X.b. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X bit khi lng phn t X l 88 vC.c. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X bit t khi ca X i vi heli ()bng 11.d.Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X bit rng nu lm bay hi 1,10g cht X th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 0,40g kh O2 cng nhit v p sut. s: a. C2H4O ; b. C4H8O2 138. t chy hon ton 2,85g cht hu c X cn 4,20l O2 (ktc). Ch thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l 44: 15 v khi lng. a. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca X.b. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X bit t khi ca X i vi C2H6 bng 3,8. s: a. C3H5O ; b. C6H10O2 139. * t chy hon ton 4,10g cht hu c X, thu c 2,65g Na2CO3, 1,35g H2O, 1,68l CO2 (ktc). a. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca X.b. Xc nh ctpt ca X bit X cha mt ngt natri. s: C2H3O2Na140. * t chy hon ton 4,45g cht hu c X cn 4,20l O2, thu c 3,15g H2O v 3,92l hn hp kh gm CO2 v N2. (cc kh ktc).a. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca X.b. Xc nh ctpt ca X bit X cha mt ngt nit. s: C3H7NO2 Bi 22. CU TRC PHN T HP CHT HU C.

141. Hai cht: HCOOCH3 v CH3COOH c: A. ctpt v ctct u ging nhau.B. ctpt v ctct u khc nhau.C. ctpt ging nhau nhng ctct khc nhau.D. ctpt khc nhau nhng ctct ging nhau. Nhn xt no ng?142. chn nhn xt ng v 2 cht: C6H5COOCH3 v CH3OOCC6H5?A. Chng c cng ctpt nhng ctct khc nhau.B. Chng c ctpt khc nhau nhng ctct khc nhau.C. chng c ctpt v ctct u khc nhau.D. chng c ctpt v ctct u ging nhau.143. Cht ng phn vi cht CH3COOCH3 l:A. CH3CH2OCH3B. CH3CH2COOHC. CH3COCH3D. CH3CH2CH2OH.

144. Hai cht CH3(CH2(OH v CH3(O(CH3 khc nhau v:A. ctctB. ctptC. s ngt cacbonD. tng s lin kt cng ha tr.145. Cht no l ng ng ca nhau? Cht no l ng phn ca nhau? Trong cc cht sau: 1. CH3CH2CH3.

2. CH3CH2CH2Cl .3. CH3CH2CH2CH3.4. CH3CHClCH3.5. (CH3)2CHCH3.6. CH3CH2CH=CH2.7. CH3CH=CH2.8. 9. (CH3)2C=CH2.146. Hn hp kh A gm 2 hirocacbon k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. t chy ht 1,12l A, ri dn sn phm chy qua bnh (1) ng dd H2SO4 c, sau qua bnh (2) ng dd NaOH d. Thy bnh (1) tng 2,16g v bnh (2) tng 7,48g. Xc nh ctpt v % v th tch tng cht trong A. s: C3H4 60% v C4H6 40%147. t chy ht 1,80g hn hp A cha 3 hirocacbon l ng phn ca nhau, thu c 2,8l CO2 (ktc). Bt t khi ca A i vi oxi l 2,25. a. Xc nh ctpt cc cht trong Ab. Da vo thuyt cu to ha hc, hy vit ctct dng khai trin v dng thu gn ca tng cht trong A. s: C5H12 c 3 p.148. t chy hon ton 6,45g hn hp A cha 2 cht hu c th lng k tip nhau trong mt dy ng ng c 7,65g H2O v 6,72l CO2 (ktc). Nu lm bay hi 2,58g A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 1,40g kh N2 cng iu kin. Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng ca tng cht trong A. s: C2H6O 53,5% v C3H8O 46,5% 149. t chy ht 1,50g hn hp A cha 3 cht hu c l ng phn ca nhau, cn 2,52l O2 (ktc). sn phm ch c CO2 v H2O theo t l 11: 6 v khi lng. Nu lm bay hi 2,10g A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 1,54g kh CO2 cng iu kin.a. Xc nh ctpt cc cht trong Ab. Da vo thuyt cu to ha hc, hy vit ctct dng khai trin v dng thu gn ca tng cht trong A. s: C3H8O c 3 p.Bi 23. PHN NG HU C.

150. Phn ng: CH3COOH + CH(CH ( CH3COO(CH=CH2 thuc loi phn ng?A. thB. cngC. tchD. oxi ha hon ton.151. Phn ng: 2CH3(CH=O thuc loi phn ng?A. thB. cngC. tch

D. oxi ha hon ton.

152. Phn ng: 2CH3OH ( CH3OCH3 + H2O thuc loi phn ng?A. thB. cngC. tch

D. oxi ha hon ton.

153. Phn ng: CH(CH + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 ( Ag(C(C(Ag( + 2NH4NO3. thuc loi phn ng?A. th

B. cngC. tch

D. oxi ha hon ton.

154. Phn ng: ( CH3(CH=CH(CH3 + H2O. thuc loi phn ng?A. th

B. cngC. tch

D. oxi ha hon ton.

155. Phn ng no l phn ng cng, th, tch?a. CH(CH + 2H2 ( CH3(CH3.2. C2H5(Cl + NaOH C2H5OH + NaCl 3. C2H5(Cl + NaOH CH2=CH2 + NaCl +H2O 4. H2C=O + HC(N ( Bi 24. lUYN TP. HP CHT HU C, CNG THC PHN T V CNG THC CU TO.

156. Cc cht: CH4, C6H6, C6H5(OH, C2H5ZnI, C2H5PH2. u:A. l hirocacbon.B. l dn xut ca hirocacbon.C. l hp cht hu c.D. l hp cht ca cacbon.157. Cht no l ng ng ca ?A.

B. C.

D.

158. Cht no khng l ng phn vi?A.

B. C. D.

159. a. Hy k 2 cp cht c ctpt khc nhau nhng c cng ctn gin nht, hc lp 9.b. Vit cc ctct thu gn ca C4H10 v C2H6O.160. Cht hu c X c 24,24%C, 4,04%H, 71,72%Cl. a. Xc nh ctg nht ca X.b. Xc nh ctpt ca X bit t khi ca X i vi CO2 l 2,25.c. Da vo thuyt cu to ha hc, hy vit cc ctct dng khai trin v dng thu gn ca X. s: a. CH2Cl ; b. C2H4Cl2 161. *lm bay hi 7,28g hn hp X gm 2 cht hu c cng thuc dy ng ng v hn km nhau 2 ngt cacbon, th thu c th tch hi ng bng th tch ca 2,94g kh N2 cng iu kin. Nu t chy hon ton 5,20g hn hp X cn 5,04l O2 (ktc). Sn ch c CO2 v hi nc vi th tch bng nhau. Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng ca tng cht trong X. s: C2H4O2 57,7% ; C4H8O2 42,3% Bi 25. ANKAN.

162. in cc cm t: (1) ankan; (2) xicloankan; (3) hirocacbon no; (4) hirocacbon khng no; (5) phn ng th. Vo ch du. sau: hirocacbon m phn t ch c lin kt n c gi l . ; hirocacbon no mch khng vng c gi l . ; hirocacbon no mch c mt vng c gi l ; tnh cht ha hc ca hirocacbon no l .

163. Tm nhn xt sai?A. tt c cc ankan u c ctpt

B. Tt c cht c ctpt u l ankanC. Tt c cc ankan ch c lin kt n trong phn t.D. Tt c cc cht ch c lin kt n trong phn t u l ankan.

164. Tn ca cht ny l: A. 3-isopropylpentanB. 2-metyl-3-etylpentanC. 3-etyl-2-metylpentanD. 3-etyl-4-metylpentan.165. Tn ca cht ny l: A. 3-isopropyl-5,5-imetylhexan. B. 2,2-imetyl-4-isopropylhexan.C. 3-etyl-2,5,5-trimetylhexan.D. 4-etyl-2,2,5-trimeylhexan.166. Tng s kin kt cng ha tr trong phn t C3H8 l:A. 3.B. 8C. 10D. 11167. Hai cht 2-metylpropan v butan khc nhau v:A. ctct

B. ctpt

C. S ngt cacbonD. s ln kt cht.

168. Tt c cc ankan c cng?A. Cng thc n gin nht.B. Cng thc chung.C. ctct.D. ctpt.

169. Cht c nhit si thp nht l: A. Butan.B. Etan.C. Metan.D. Propan.

170. Gi tn IUPAC cc cht: 1. (CH3)2CH(CH2(C(CH3)3 (tn thng l isootan). 2. CH3(CH2(CH(CH3)(CH(CH3)([CH2]4(CH(CH3)2. 171. Vit cng thc cu to thu gn ca: a. 4-etyl-2,3,3-trimetylheptan.b. 3,5-ietyl-2,2,3-trimetyloctan.

172. t chy hon ton 1,2l mt ankan A th kh, cn 6,0l oxi ly cng iu kin.a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.b. Cho A tc dng vi kh clo 25oC c nh sng. Hi c th thu c my dn xut monoclo ca A? Cho bit tn ca tng dn xut ? Dn xut no thu c nhiu hn? s: C3H8 ; 2-clopropan (57%), 2-clopropan (43%)173. t chy hon ton 1,45g mt ankan A cn 3,64l oxi (ktc).a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.b. Vit ctct dng thu gn v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? s: C4H10 174. t chy hon ton 1,8g mt ankan A, thy khi lng CO2 nhiu hn khi lng H2O l 2,8g. a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.b. Vit ctct dng thu gn v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? s: C5H12 175. t chy hon ton 2,86g hn hp gm hexan v octan thu c 4,48l CO2 (ktc). Xc nh % v khi lng mi ankan trong hn hp? s: 60,1% C6H14 39,9% C8H18 176. Mt loi xng l hn hp ca cc ankan c ctpt l C7H16 v C8H18. t chy hon ton 6,950g xng cn 17,08l O2 (ktc). Xc nh % v khi lng mi ankan trong hn hp? s: 18% C7H16 v 82% C8H18177. t chy hon ton 22,20g hn hp A gm 2 ankan ng ng k tip, cn 54,88l O2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A? s: 77,48% C6H14 v 22,52% C7H16 178. t chy hon ton 26,64g hn hp A gm 2 ankan ng ng k tip, cn 65,856l O2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A? 179. t chy hon ton 18,90g hn hp X gm ancol etylic (C2H5OH) v 2 ankan ng ng k tip, thu c 26,10g H2O v 26,88l CO2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng mi cht trong hn hp X? s: 22,75% C6H14 v 52,91% C7H16 Bi 26. XIClOANKAN.

180. Nhn xt no ng? Nhn xt no sai?1. Cc monoankan u c ctpt l .

2. Cc cht c cptp u l monoxicloankan.3. Cc xicloankan u ch c lin kt n.4. Cc cht ch c lin kt n u l xicloankan.181. Cht ny c tn l: A. 1-etyl-4,5-imetylxiclohexan.B. 1-etyl-3,4-imetylxiclohexan.C. 1,2-imetyl-4-etylxiclohexanD. 4-etyl-1,2-imetylxiclohexan.

182. Tm nhn xt ng? A. Xiclohexan va c phn ng th, va c phn ng cng.B. Xiclohexan khng c phn ng th, khng c phn ng cng.C. Xiclohexan c phn ng th, khng c phn ng cng.D. Xiclohexan khng c phn ng th, c phn ng cng.183. Vit ctct ca: a. 1,1-imetylxiclopropanb. 1-etyl-1-metylxiclohexan.c. 1-metyl-4-isopropylxiclohexan.

184. Mt monoxicloankan A c t khi so vi nit bng 3. a. Xc nh ctpt ca A. b. Vit ctct v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? s: C6H12 c 12 p.185. t chy hon ton 2,58g hn hp kh A gm mt ankan v mt monoxicloankan, ri hp th ht sn phm vo dd d, thu c 35,46g kt ta. Bit t khi ca A so vi hiro l 25,8. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A? s: C4H10 (60%) v C3H6 (40%).186. t chy hon ton 672ml kh A l mt xicloankan (ktc), thy khi lng CO2 nhiu hn khi lng H2O 3,12g. a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.

b. Vit ctct v gi tn cc xicloankan A.c. A lm mt mu dd brom, xc nh ng ctct ca A. s: C4H8 , b. metylxiclopropan.Bi 27. lUYN TP. ANKAN V XIClOANKAN.

187. Tm nhn xt ng? A. Tt c ankan v tt c xicloankan u khng tham gia phn ng cng.B. Tt c ankan khng tham gia phn ng cng nhng mt s xicloankan c th tham gia phn ng cng.C.Tt c ankan v tt c xicloankan u tham gia phn ng cng.D. Mt s ankan tham gia phn ng cng v tt c xicloankan khng tham gia phn ng cng.188. Cc ankan khng tham gia phn ng?A. cngB. thC. tchD. chy.189. Cho clo tc dng vi butan thu c 2 dn xut monoclo c cng ctpt l C4H9Cl. a. dng ctct thu gn vit pthh, gi tn sn phm.b. Tnh % mi sn phm , bit rng ngt H lin kt vi cacbon bc 2 c kh nng th cao hn 3 ln so vi ngt H lin kt vi cacbon bc 1 trong phn t C4H9Cl. s: 1-clobutan (33,33%) , 2-clobutan (66,67%)190. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp A th lng gm 2ankan, cn va ht 63,28l khng kh (ktc), ri hp th ht sn phm vo dd d, thu c 36,00g kt ta. a. Tnh a? bit oxi chim 20,00% th tch khng kh. Xc nh ctpt v % khi lng ca tng cht trong hn hp A, bit 2 ankan khc nhau 2 ngt cacbon? s: C6H14 (33,46%) , C8H18 (66,54%) hoc C7H16 (87,55%) , C9H20 (12,45%)191. Mt bnh kn A dung tch 11,2l cha 6,40g O2 v 1,36g hn hp kh X gm 2 ankan 0oC v p sut l p1 atm. Bt tia la in trong bnh t chy hon ton X nhit 136,5oC v p sut l p2 atm. Dn sn phm t vo dd d thu c 9,00g kt ta.a. Tnh p1 v p2 (bit th tch khng i).b. Xc nh cng thc phn t v % th tch tng cht trong hn hp X v bnh A lc u, bit s mol ca ankan c phn t khi nh nhiu gp 1,5 ln s mol ca ankan c phn t khi ln. p1=0,5atm, p2=0,81atm. ; CH4 (60%), C3H8 (40%)192. Cht A c ctpt l C6H14 cho tc dng vi kh clo to ti a 3 dn xut monoclo v 7 dn xut iclo. Vit ctct v tn ca A v cc dn xut. Bi 29. ANKEN.

193. Cht c tn l: A. 2-imetylpent-4-en.B. 2,2-imetylpent-4-en.C. 4-imetylpent-1-en.D. 4,4-imetylpent-1-en.194. Cht c tn l: A. 3-metylenpentan.

B. 1,1-ietyleten.C. 2-etylbut-1-en.D. 3-etylbut-3-en.195. Cc nhn xt sau y ng hay sai?1. Tt c cc anken u c cng thc chung l .2. Tt c cc cht c cng thc chung l u l anken.3. tt c anken u lm mt mu dd brom.4. Cht lm mt mu dd brom l anken.196. Cht c tn 2,4-metylhex-1-en l: A.

B.

C.

D.

197. Phn ng dng phn bit etan vi eten l:A. t chy.B. cng vi hiro.C. cng vi dd brom.D. trng hp.

198. Trnh by phng php ha hc phn bit ba kh etan, etilen, cacbon ioxit. Vit pthh.199. Hn hp kh A cha mt ankan v mt anken c khi lng 9,00g v th tch 8,96l . t chy ht A thu c 13,44l CO2. cc kh (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A? s: 60% CH4 v 40% C3H6 200. 0,7g mt anken A c th lm mt mu 16,0g dd brom 12,5% (trong CCl4). a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.b. Vit ctct v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? s: C4H8 c 5 p201. Hn hp kh A cha eten v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 7,5. Dn A qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c hn hp kh B c t khi so vi hiro l 9,0. Tnh hiu sut phn ng cng hiro ca eten. s: 66,7%202. Hn hp kh A cha mt anken v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 6,0. Dn A qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c hn hp kh B khng lm mt mu dd brom, kh B c t khi so vi hiro l 8,0. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A v B? s: 66,7%203. Hn hp kh A cha 2 anken ng ng k tip v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 8,26. Dn A qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c hn hp kh B khng lm mt mu dd brom, kh B c t khi so vi hiro l 11,80. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A v B? s: A c 12% C3H6, 18% C4H8, 70% H2 ; B c 17% C3H8, 26% C4H10, 57% H2.204. Hn hp kh A cha mt ankan v mt anken v hiro. Dn 13,44l A qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c 10,08l hn hp kh B. Dn B qua bnh ng nc brom th mu ca dd brom nht, ng thi khi lng bnh tng thm 3,15g. Sau th nghim cn li 8,40l hn hp kh C c t khi i vi hiro l 17,80.bit cc kh (ktc), phn ng xy ta hon ton. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A, B v C? s: A c 37,5% C2H6 , 37,5% C3H6, 25% H2. ; B c 50% C2H6, 33,3% C3H8, 16,7% C3H6. ; C c 60% C2H6, 40% C3H8.205. Hn hp kh A cha mt ankan v mt anken v hiro. t chy hon ton 100ml A, c 210ml CO2. Nu un nh 100ml A c Ni l xc tc th cn li 75ml mt kh duy nht. Cc th tch cng mt iu kin.a. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A?b. Tnh th tch oxi va t chy hon ton 100ml A. s: 40% C3H8, 30% C3H6, 30% H2. b. 350ml O2 Bi 30. ANKAIEN.

206. Cho isopren (2-metylbuta-1,3-ien) phn ng cng vi brom theo t l 1:1 v s mol. Hi c th thu c ti a bao nhiu sn phm?A. 1B. 2C. 3D.4.

207. Cht c tn ivinyl l: A. CH2=C=CH(CH3.B. CH2=CH(CH=CH2. C. CH2=CH(CH2(CH=CH2.D. CH2=CH(CH=CH(CH3.

208. Nhn xt sau ng hay sai?A. cht c cng thc chung u l ankaien.B. cc ankaien u c cng thc chung .C. cc ankaien u c 2 kin kt i.D. Cht c 2 ni i u l ankaien.

209. Vit cng thc cu to ca: a. 2,3-imetylbuta-1,3-ien;b. 3-metylpenta-1,4-ien.

210. t chy hon ton 3,40g mt ankaien A cn 7,84l O2 (ktc). X c nh ctpt? vt ctct v gi tn A? s: C5H8 211. t chy hon ton 6,72l hn hp kh A gm mt ankan v mt ankaien, cn 28,00l O2 (ktc). Dn sn phm chy qua bnh (1) ng dd H2SO4 c, sau qua bnh (2) ng dd NaOH d. Thy bnh (1) tng a gam v bnh (2) tng 35,2g. a. Xc nh ctpt v % v th tch tng cht trong A. b. tnh a? s: 66,7% C2H6 v 33,3% C4H6. a= 16,2gBi 31. lUYN TP. ANKEN V ANKAIEN.

212. Ghp cc tn: A. 4-etyl-2-metylhexan.; B. 1,1-etylmetylxiclopropan. ; C. 3,3-imetylbut-1-en. ; D. ivinyl. ; E. isopropylxiclopropan. ; G. isopren. ; H. 2,2,4,4-tetrametylpentan. ; I. 2,3-imetylbut-2-en. Vo cc cht: 1. (CH3)3CH2C(CH3)3; 2. (CH3)2CHCH2CH(CH2CH3)2 ; 3. (CH3)2C=C(CH3)2 ; 4. CH2=CHC(CH3)3 ; 5. CH2=CHC(CH3)=CH2 ; 6. ; 7. ; 8. CH2=CH(CH=CH2 213. Cht ny c tn l: A. 2-etyl-3-metylpent-4-en.B. 4-etyl-3-metylpent-1-en.C. 3,4-imetyhex-5-en.D. 3,4-imetyhex-1-en.

214. Cht ny c tn l: A. 3-metylhexa-1,2-ien.B. 4-metylhexa-1,5-ien.C. 3-metylhexa-1,4-ien. D. 3-metylhexa-1,3-ien.

215. Cht no l ankaien lin hp? A. CH2=CH(CH2(CH=CH2 . B.

C. CH2=CH(CH2(CH=CH(CH3 D. CH2=C=CH2

216. Hn hp kh A gm nit v 2 hirocacbon k tip trong mt dy ng ng, c khi lng 18,30g v th tch 11,20l. t chy hon ton A c 11,70g H2O v 21,28l CO2. Cc th tch (ktc). a. Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng tng cht trong A. s: 54,6% C3H4 v 14,7% C4H6.Bi 32. ANKIN.

217. Cht ny c tn l: A. 2,2-imetylbut-1-in.

B. 2,2-imetylbut-3-in.C. 3,3-imetylbut-1-in.D. 2,3-imetylbut-1-in.

218. Cc cht: metan, etilen, but-1-in, but-2-in, c my cht tc dng c vi dd AgNO3 trong NH3?A. 4B. 3C. 2D. 1.219. Nhn xt sau y ng hay sai?1. Tt c ankin u chy khi t trong oxi.2. Tt c ankin u lm mt mu dd KMnO4.3. Tt c ankin u lm mt mu dd brom.4. Tt c ankin u tc dng c vi dd AgNO3 trong NH3. 5. Tt c ankin u tc dng c vi hiro nhit cao, c Ni xc tc.220. Hon thnh Pthh cho s (ghi iu kin)? CaCO3 ? CaC2 C2H2

221. Hn hp kh A cha mt ankin v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 4,8. Dn A qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng (H=100%) th thu c hn hp kh B khng lm mt mu dd brom, kh B c t khi so vi hiro l 8,0. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A v B? s: A c 20% C3H4 v 80% H2. ; B c 33% C3H8 v 67% H2.222. Hn hp kh A cha C2H2 v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 5,00. Dn 20,16l A qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c 10,08l hn hp kh B. Dn B qua bnh ng nc brom d th mu ca dd brom nht i, phn ng xong (H=100%) th cn li 7,39l hn hp kh C. Cc kh (ktc). Tnh % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A, B v C? Khi lng bnh cha nc brom tng bao nhiu gam? s: A c 33,33% C2H2 v 66,67% H2. ; B c 40% C2H6 , 20% C2H4 , 6,67% C2H2 , 33,33% H2 ; C c 54,55% C2H6 , 45,45% H2. 223. Hn hp kh A cha mt anken v mt ankin v hiro. t chy hon ton 90ml A thu c 120ml CO2. un nng 90ml A c cht xc tc Ni th sau phn ng cn li 40ml mt ankan duy nht. Vc th tch o cng mt iu kin. a. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A? b. Tnh th tch oxi va t chy hon ton 90ml A. s: A c 33% C3H6 , 11% C3H4 , 56% H2. ; 200ml O2.Bi 33. lUYN TP. ANKIN.224. Chtc tn penten l: A. C5H8 B. C5H10 C. C5H12D. C3H6 225. Cht no l ankin? A. C2H2 B. C4H4 C. C6H6 D. C8H8

226. Gc no l ankyl? A. (C3H5

B. (C6H5 C. (C2H3 D. (C2H5

227. cht no c nhit si cao nht: A. etenB. propen.C. but-1-enD. but-2-en.

228. Cht khng tc dng vi AgNO3 (NH3).? A. etinB. propin.C. but-1-inD. but-2-in.

229. Cht khng tc dng vi dd Br2? A. but-1-inB. but-2-en.C. xiclobutan

D. xiclopropan.

230. Vit pthh v ghi r iu kin iu ch PVC t cc cht v c: CaO, HCl, H2O, C.231. *Hn hp kh A cha metan, axetilen, propen. t chy hon ton 11,0g A thu c 12,6g H2O. Nu dn 11,2l A qua dd brom d th lng brom phn ng ti a l 100,0g a. Xc nh % khi lng v th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A? s: % khi lng CH4 14,5% , C2H2 47,3% , C3H6 38,2% ; % th tch CH4 25% , C2H2 50% , C3H6 25%.232. Mt bnh kn A dung tch 8,40l cha 4,96g O2 v 1,30g hn hp kh X gm 2 hirocacbon 0oC v p sut l p1=0,50atm. Bt tia la in trong bnh t chy hon ton X nhit 136,5oC v p sut l p2 atm. Dn sn phm chy qua bnh (1) ng dd H2SO4 c, sau qua bnh (2) ng dd NaOH d. Thy bnh (1) tng m gam v bnh (2) tng 4,18g. a. Tnh p2 (bit th tch khng i).b. Xc nh cng thc phn t v % th tch tng cht trong hn hp X v bnh A lc u, bit hn hp c mt cht l anken v mt cht l ankin. Tm m? s: p2=0,78atm ; C2H4 53,9% , C4H6 46,1% 233. Trnh by phng php ha hc phn bit cc cht v vit pthh?1. metan v axetilen.

2. etilen v axetilen.3. metan, etilen, axetilen.4. but-1-in v but-2-in 234. Trnh by phng php lm sch cht kh v vit pthh? 1. metan c ln axetilen v etilen.2. etilen c ln axetilen.

Bi 35. BENZEN V NG NG. MT S HIROCACBON THM KHC.

235. Cht c tn l: A. 1-butyl-3-metyl-4-etylbenzen. B. 1-butyl-4-etyl-3-metylbenzen. C. 1-etyl-2-metyl-4-butylbenzen. D. 4-butyl-1-etyl-2-metylbenzen. 236. Cht c tn l: A. 1,4-imetyl-6-etylbenzen. B. 1,4-imetyl-2-etylbenzen. C. 2-etyl-1,4-imetylbenzen. D. 1-etyl-2,5-imetylbenzen.

237. Stiren c ctct C6H5(CH=CH2 . Nhn xt no sau y l ng?A. Stiren l ng ng ca benzen.B. Stiren l ng ng ca etilen.C. Stiren l hirocacbon thm. D. Stiren l hirocacbon khng no.238. Cng thc cu to ca m-Xilen l:

239. Vit sn phm hu c dng ctct v gi tn chng cho cc pt: 1. C6H6 + Cl2 ? ; 2. C6H6 + Cl2 ? ; 3. C6H5(CH3 + Cl2 ? ; 4. C6H5(CH3 + H2d ? ; 5. C6H5(CH3 + KMnO4 dd ?

240. Gii thch v sao benzen khng tcdng vi dd Br2 v dd KMnO4 cn stiren th tc dng c, Vit pthh?

241. t chy hon ton 13,25g mt ng ng ca benzen A, cn ht 29,40l O2 (ktc). a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.

b. Vit ctct v gi tn cc ng phn ca A.? C8H10 c 4 p.242. t chy hon ton hirocacbon A, ch thu c CO2 v hi H2O c t l v khi lng l 77: 18. Nu ha hi 5,06g A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 1,76g kh O2 cng iu kin. Xc nh ctpt A? Vit ctct v gi tn A, bit A lm mt mu dd KMnO4 khi un nng. s: C7H8. (toluen)243. t chy hon ton 2,62g hn hp A cha hai hirocacbon th lng, k tip trong mt dy ng ng, thu c 8,80g CO2. Nu ha hi 6,55g A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 2,40g kh O2 cng iu kin. Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng ca tng cht trong A? s: C6H6 29,8% v C7H8 70,2% .244. Cho 23kg toluen tc dng ht vi 88kg HNO3 66% v 74kg H2SO4 96% (gi s H=100%), axit cn d. a. tnh khi lng TNT thu c? b. tnh khi lng hn hp axit cn d v C% ca tng axit? s: a. 56,75kg b. C% HNO3 = 8,4% , C% H2SO4 = 55,4%.245. Toluen c th iu ch bng phn ng ehiro ha-ng vng t heptan 500oC, p=30( 40atm, xc tc Cr2O3/Al2O3. Hy vit pthh (dng ctct), tnh khi lng toluen thu c nu phn ng to ra 336,0l H2 (ktc). s: 345gBi 36. lUYN TP. HIROCACBON THM.

246. Cc tn: o-xilen ; o-imetylbenzen ; 1,2-imetylbenzen ; etylbenzen l ca my cht?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4.247. Cc cng thc: l ca my cht? A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4.

248. Cho vo ng nghim 2ml nc brom, sau nh t t 1ml benzen vo, thy trong ng nghim c 2 lp cht lng: lp di c th tch ln hn v c nu vng nu, lp trn khng mu. Nu ta lc k ng nghim, ri yn th li thy c 2 lp cht lng: lp di c th tch ln hn v khng mu, lp trn c mu. Hy gii thch hin tng trn.249. A l mt ng ng ca benzen c t khi so vi metan bng 5,75. Hy hon thnh pthh (cht hu c vit dng ctct thu gn v gi tn) cho s : s: C7H8 250. t chy hon ton 1,50g mt ng ng ca benzen A, thu c 2,52l CO2 (ktc). a. Xc nh ctpt A? b. Vit ctct v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? c. Xc nh ctct ng ca A, bit khi A tc dng vi brom (xt: Fe, to), thu c dn xut monobrom duy nht. s: C9H12 c 8 p (nh s 1 t nhnh nhiu C hn) ; c. A l 1,3,5-trimetylbenzen.251. Hn hp X gm benzen v xiclohexen c th lm mt mu ti a 75,0g dd Br2 3,2%. Nu t chy hon ton X, ri hp th sn phm bng dd d thu c 21,0g kt ta. tnh % khi lng tng cht trong X? s: 55,9% C6H6 ; 44,1% C6H10 .252. Hn hp A gm H2 v hi benzen c t khi hi so vi metan l 0,60. Dn A qua xc tc Ni nung nng, thy mt phn benzen chuyn thnh xiclohexan. Hn hp sau phn ng c t khi hi so vi metan l 0,75. Tnh xem c bao nhiu % benzen chuyn thnh xiclohexan? s: 67%Bi 37. NGUN HIROCACBON THIN NHIN.

253. Chn cu ng khi ni v thnh phn ca du m?A. du m l mt hirocacbon th lng.B. du m l hn hp nhiu hirocacbon th lng.C. du m l hn hp nhiu hirocacbon th lng, rn v kh.D. thnh phn chnh ca du m l cc hirocacbon th lng c ho tan cc hirocacbon th rn v kh, ngoi ra du m cn cha mt lng nh cc cht hu c c oxi, nit, lu hunh, v mt lng rt nh cc cht v c.254. Ghp cc v: 1. s l s b l ; 2. Chng ct l ; 3. Crckinh l ; 4. rifominh l .Vi cc v sau th hin vic ch bin du m.: A. B gy phn t hirocacbon mch di, to thnh cc phn t hirocacbon mch ngn hn nh tc dng ca nhit hoc ca xc tc v nhit.B. dng xc tc v nhit lm bin i cu trc ca hirocacbon t mch cacbon khng nhnh thnh phn nhnh, t khng thm thnh thm.

C. loi b nc, mui, ph nh tng,D. tch du m thnh nhng sn phm khc nhau da vo nhit si khc nhau ca cc hirocacbon c trong du m.

255. Ghp cc v: 1. kh thin nhin ; 2. kh m du ; 3. kh crckinh ; 4. kh l cc. Vi cc v: A. thu c khi nung than m trong iu kin khng c oxi.B. thu c khi ch bin du m bng phng php crckinh.C. khai thc t cc m kh.

D. c trong cc m du.

256. Phn trn khi lng thu c khi chng ct mt loi du m l: 15% xng, 60% mazut. em crckinh mazut c 50% xng. Hi t 500tn du m trn ta thu c bao nhiu tn xng? (s: 225tn).257. Mt loi kh thin nhin c thnh phn v th tch: 85%CH4, 10%C2H6, 3%N2, 2%CO2. 1. Ngi ta chuyn metan trong 1000m3 kh thin nhin (ktc) thnh axetilen (H=50%), ri thnh vinyl clorua (H=80%), vit pthh v tnh khi lng vinyl clorua thu c?

2. Tnh th tch kh thin nhin khi t chy (ktc) un 100l nc t 20oC ln 100oC. Bit lng nhit ta ra khi t 1mol CH4 v 1 mol C2H6 ln lt l 880kJ v 1560kJ; lm 1ml nc tng ln 1oC cn 4,18J v khi t kh thin nhin 20% lng nhit thot ra mi trng. s: 1. 474,3kg. ; 2. 1035l .258. Khi crckinh butan thu c 47,0l hn hp kh A gm CH4, C3H6, C2H6, C2H4, C4H8, H2, C4H10 cn d. Dn kh A qua dd brom d, th hn hp kh B thot ra c th tch 25,0l. t chy hon ton 5,0l hn hp kh B c 9,4l CO2. cc th tch o cng iu kin.1. Tnh % th tch butan tham gia phn ng.2. Tnh % th tch ca tng kh ttrong hn hp A, bit th tch C2H4 gp 3 ln th tch C3H6. s: 88% ; A c

EMBED Equation.DSMT4 10,6% ;

EMBED Equation.DSMT4 31,9% ;

EMBED Equation.DSMT4 4,3% ; 6,4%.Bi 38. H THNG HA V HIROCACBON.

259. Tm nhn xt sai?A. Khi t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon th ch thu c CO2 v H2O.B. Nu sn phm ca phn ng t chy hon ton ch CO2 v H2O th cht em t l hirocacbon.C. Khi t chy hon ton mt ankan th s mol H2O ln hn s mol CO2. D. Nu sn phm t chy mt hirocacbon c s mol H2O ln hn s mol CO2 th hirocacbon l ankan.260. Cht tc c: phn ng chy, phn ng cng brom, phn ng cng H2(xc tc Ni,to), phn ng vi dd AgNO3 trong NH3 l: A. etanB. etenC. axetilenD. xiclopropan.

261. t chy hon ton 13,20g hn hp A cha hai hirocacbon k tip trong mt dy ng ng, thu c 20,72l CO2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng ca tng cht trong A? s: 56,8% C7H16 v 43,2% C8H18 262. *Hn hp kh A cha hiro, mt ankan v mt anken. Dn 15,68l A qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c 13,44l hn hp kh B. Dn B qua bnh ng dd brom th mu ca dd brom nht i v khi lng bnh tng 5,6g. Sau phn ng cn li 8,96l hn hp kh C c t khi i vi hiro l 20,25. Cc th tch o (ktc), cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Xc nh ctpt v tnh % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A, B v C? s: A c 42,86% C3H8 , 42,86% C2H4 , 14,28% H2. ; B c 50% C3H8 , 16,67% C2H6 , 33,33% C2H4. ; C c 75,00% C3H8, 25,00% C2H6. 263. Chia 0,10mol hn hp A cha 3 ankin lm 2 phn bng nhau. t chy hon ton phn 1, thu c 2,34g nc. Phn 2 tc dng vi 250,0ml AgNO3 0,12M trong NH3 to ra 4,55g kt ta. Xc nh ctct, tn v % v khi lng ca tng cht trong hn hp A. Bit ankin c khi lng phn t nh nht chim 40% s mol ca hn hp A. s: 33,1% C3H4 , 22,3% but-1-in , 44,6% but-2-in.264. Hn hp X cha 3 cht A, B, C (MA