TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI VIN C KH B MN CNG NGH CH TO MY BI TP LN MN: KTAT&MT M :120 H v tn sv: INH VN TUNEmail: dinhvantuanbk90@gmail.com Ngy thng nm NGI RA (k, ghi r h tn) MSSV:20082882 Ch k sv: .

Hc k: I Nm hc: 2011-2012 M HP: ME3140M lp:28899

Cu 1: MC 16: Phn tch cc gii php an ton trong c kh?(nhm cu 1) Cu 2: MC 5: Vi kh hu trong sn xut, cc yu t vi kh hu trong sn xut? (nhm cu 1) Cu 3: MC 24: Nu cc thit b lm sch bi trong khng kh thi ?(nhm cu 1) Cu 4: MC 6: Phn tch tc hi ngh nghip v cc bin php phng trnh cc tc hi ngh nghip trong phn xng g-hn? (nhm cu 2) Cu 5:Tnh mc n cho php ca phn xng Mt phn xng sn xut cch khu dn c mt khong R(m). Mc n ca phn xng pht ra n khu dn c khng c vt qu L (dB). Tnh mc n cho php ca phn xng pht ra im cch phn xng 1 mt. Bit tn s trung bnh ca gii 1 cta l f (Hz). MC18:R(m)=105 L(dB)=73 f(Hz)=2000 Cu 6: Tnh ton thit k tng cch m Mt bung sn xut c 4 my. My mt c mc n L1 (dB), my 2 c mc n L2 (dB), my 3 c mc n L3 (dB), my 4 c mc n L4 (dB). Tnh ton thit k tng cch m ca bung mc n trc tip ra ngoi nh khng vt qu Lo (dB). Bit rng kh nng cch m ca ca s, ca i, ca trn bng kh nng cch m ca tng. MC15 L1=96(dB); L2= 100(dB); L3= 99(dB) ; L4=104(dB); L0=75(dB) Cu 7:Xc nh ri theo phng ngang v phng ng Mt khu vc sn xut c chiu sng bng 4 thit b chiu sng vn nng c bng n dy tc cng sut mi bng 1000 (W), in p mng chiu sng 220V. Thit b chiu sng b tr theo hnh vung mi cnh L (m). Chiu cao treo n n b mt lm vic H (m). H s d tr K, nh hng ca cc thit b chiu sng vi nhau v nh sng phn x khng ng k.Xc nh ri theo phng ngang v phng thng ng ti im A, ti ch giao nhau ca mt phng ng i qua tm hnh vung c to nn bi thit b chiu sng v mt phng song song vi mt hnh vung trn mt phng lm vic. MC 12 L=10.5m ;H= 8m ; K=1,3 Cu 8: Tnh ton thit k bung lng bi Mt phn xng c khi tho r khun, bi ct lan to ra bu khng kh c ht d (m).Trng lng n v ca bi b (g/m3).Thit k bung lng bi sao cho khng kh c cha bi i qua n vi vn tc Vt (m/s), bi c th lng ng li hon ton y bung. MC 9 d= 85(m); b= 2.65(g/m3); Vt =0.14(m/s) 1

BI LM CU 1 Cc gii php an ton trong c kh: 1.AN TON TRONG THIT K MY V TRANG THIT B My thit k phi ph hp vi th lc v c im ca ngi s dng My thit k phi to c t th lm vic thoi mi, trnh g b nhanh mi mt Hnh thc, kt cu, mu sn ca my nn chn cho c tnh thm m, ph hp tm sinh l NL, to cm gic d chu khi lm vic,d phn bit khi s dng. Cc b phn phi d kim tra, lp rp, sa cha v bo dng, trng tm phi chun, gi phi vng chc Phi c cc c cu bao che, t ngt, phanh, hm, cc c cu an ton, ng h ch bo,...

2. AN TON KHI LP RP, SA CHA V TH MY m bo an ton khi di chuyn, tho lp v kim tra sau khi tho lp. Vic sa cha bo dng nh k hoc t xut u phi bo cho c cng bit;ch nhng cng nhn c hun luyn v c kin thc mi c sa cha, iu chnh my mc thit b. Trc khi sa cha phi ngt in,tho ai truyn khi puli v treo bng Cm m trn c cu m my. Tuyt i khng dng v ko, ct, tng nh neo, kch, ko,... khi tho d hoc lp t thit b. Sa cha my cao hn 2m phi dng dn gio c sn cng tc, thang v tay vn chc chn. Khi s dng cc dng c cm tay bng kh nn, phi kim tra cc u ni, cc van phi ng m d dng. Th my: khng ti, ti nh, qu ti an ton.

3. AN TON KHI GIA CNG NGUI Bn ngui phi ph hp kch thc quy nh: - Khi lm vic 1 pha: ti thiu 750 mm - Khi lm vic 2 pha: ti thiu 1300 mm - Chiu cao: 850 950 mm - Bn ngui 2 pha phi c li cao ti thiu 800mm chn gia, mt li ti a 3x3mm - Khong cch gia 2 t trn 1 bn ti thiu 1m Khi mi mi khoan,dao tin phi theo ng gc k thut quy nh

4. AN TON KHI GIA CNG P LC Cn ba phi bng g,th dc, kh, do, khng c mt v vt nt. Dng c rn t do phi di ti thiu 150mm ng kh nn phi ph hp kch thc khp ng v p sut cng tc. Di chuyn cc phi rn ln phi c gii ha Kim tra nh k cc b phn my chu p lc Khng dng tay cp phi i vi my t dp t ng.

5. AN TON KHI HN CT KIM LOIa)Hn in: Cn c mt n che v o qun bo h chuyn dng Khng hn gn nhng ni / vt d bt la Phi thng gi tt. Nu hn ni kn phi c ngi canh chng

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Trc khi hn phi co sn, lau m, lm sch ti thiu 50mm hai bn ng hn Khng hn cc vt ang c p lc. i vi bnh cha cht d chy phi ra sch trc khi hn v lc hn phi m np Cng nhn hn trn cao phi c dy bo him. Khi ct cc cu kin trn cao, phi buc cht phn ct trnh ri xung gy tai nn My hn phi c bao che, cch in, ni t, trnh b t nc Phi b tr dy cp hn gn gng, trnh gy vng cho ngi qua li Phi t my vng chc v kim tra ton b trc khi tin hnh lm vic. b)Hn kh: Kim tra hn s dng ca cc bnh cha kh, kim nh an ton, kim tra trn bnh c cc vt nt, lm, khuyt tt khng, kim tra van c vn cht khng, c ng m d dng khng Khng bnh kh gn ngun nhit hoc ngn la Khi m van, cng nhn khng ng i din van Trnh va p cc bnh kh gy ma st mnh pht tia la Khng b tr nhiu bnh kh (>10 bnh) v nhiu cng nhn trong cng 1 phn xng Khi xy ra ha hon, phi chuyn cc bnh axetylen i trc.Cho php ln y cc bnh trong phm vi di 15-25m Khng dng chi kim loi lm sch van, kha Khng ht thuc khi lm vic Cn c ngi thng xuyn kim tra v quan st cc cng nhn thc hin vic hn ct

CU 2 Vi kh hu trong sn xut, cc yu t vi kh hu trong sn xut: 1.NH NGHA: Vi kh hu l trng thi l hc ca khng kh trong khong khng gian thu hp gm cc yu t: nhit , m, bc x nhit v vn tc chuyn ng khng kh, ph thuc vo qu trnh cng ngh v kh hu a phng. Mt s nh hng ca vi kh hu +Lnh + m: thp khp, vim h hp, vim phi,... +Lnh + kh: ri lon mch, kh nim mc, nt n da, ... +Nng+m:gim kh nng bay hi m hi,mt cn bng nhit,mau mt mi,bnh ngoi da.

2.CC YU T VI KH HU TRONG SN XUT: a) Nhit khng kh:

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_Nhit l yu t quan trng ca sn xut,ph thuc qu trnh sn xut v ngun nhit : l nung,ngn la,nng lng in,c bin thnh nhit,phn ng ha hc sinh nhit,bc x nhit mt tri,nhit do ngi lao ng sinh ra _iu l v sinh qui nh:

Nhit ti a cho php ni lm vic ca cng nhn v ma h l 30 C v khng vt qu nhit bn ngoi t 3-5oCo

Ni sn xut nng nh xng rn,xng c,luyn thp nhit khng qu 40oC.

b) m:_ m l nhn t ngoi cnh nh hng n sc khe ngi cng nhn,bao gm: m tuyt i, m tng i, m cc i. _iu l v sinh qui nh: m tng i ni sn xut nn t 75%-85%.

c) Bc x nhit:_Bc x nhit l nhng ht nng lng truyn trong khng kh di dng dao dng sng in t bao gm tia hng ngoi,tia sng thng v tia t ngoi.Bc x nhit do cc vt th en c nung nng pht ra.

Tiu chun v sinh cho php :1 Kcal/m2.pht

cc xng rn,c,cn thp cng bc x nhit ln ti 5-10 Kcal/m2.pht

d) Vn tc chuyn ng khng kh: _Tiu chun cho php ca vn tc chuyn ng khng kh khng vt qu3m/s,trn 5m/s gy kch thch bt li cho c th.

CU 3 Cc thit b lm sch bi trong khng kh thi: 1.Bung lng bi

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Bung lng bi c s dng lc cc c ht bi t 30 n 100

m nu dng bung lng bi nhiu tng vi khong cch gia cc tngnh c th lc c bi c kch thc nh hn. Bung lng bi c hiu c hiu qu lc thp (50-60% vi loi n gin) do c s dng nh cp lc s b bi ban u (lc th) trc khi vo cc cp lc va v lc tinh.

2.Thit b lc bi kiu ly tm Nguyn l hot ng da vo lc ly tm xut hin trong chuyn ng xoy c tc dng p cc ht bi vo thnh ri xung phu.

H s bi t 85% khi ht bi c kch thc 5m ;95% khi ht bi

c kch thc 10m; 99% khi ht bi c kch thc 20m.

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Khng kh cha bi c dn n xyclon theo tip tuyn,nh th dng khng kh s c chuyn ng trong thn hnh tr theo vng xoy c v h dn xung y.

3.Thit b lc bi kiu qun tnh Nguyn l hot ng ca thit b lc bi kiu qun tnh l da vo lc qun tnh ca ht bi khi thay i chiu chuyn ng t ngt.

Hiu qu lc bi thp, tng hiu qu lc bi ngi ta thng kt hp cc loi lc bi vi nhau,c bit kiu lc bi xyclon hiu qu c th t ti 80-98%.

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4.Thit b lc bi bng cht lngH s ht bi ca thit b t 92-95% khi ht bi c kch thc 5m

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5.Thit b lc bi bng in Khi bi qua in trng in th cao cc ht bi b ion ha mang in (-) b ht v thnh ng c in tch (+). Khi mt lng bi nht nh cc dng ny rung lm bi ri xung phu.

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6.Thit b lc bi bng siu m.Cc ht bi rt nh di tc dng ca siu m tch t li (dnh li) vi nhau thnh cc nh nng hn,sau chng c lng ng trong xyclon hoc mt thit b lc bi bt k khc.

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7.Li lc bi B lc bi kiu li c ch to t nhiu loi vt liu khc nhau nhm lm cho dng khng kh qua chuyn ng dch dc nhm loi b cc loi b bn trong khng kh.

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CU 411

Phn tch tc hi ngh nghip v cc bin php phng trnh cc tc hi ngh nghip trong phn xng g-hn : 1.Tc hi ngh nghip: Khi,bi cng nghip sinh ra khi g hn gy nh hng ti ng h hp. Bnh kh s dng khi hn d chy n. Hn in d c nguy c in git cao.

iu kin hn c th nhng ni kh thao tc,nguy him nh trn cao,trong ngc ngch.

iu kin khi g hn khc nghit :nng,bi,

2.Bin php phng trnh:a) Hn in: Cn c mt n che v o qun bo h chuyn dng Khng hn gn nhng ni / vt d bt la Phi thng gi tt. Nu hn ni kn phi c ngi canh chng Trc khi hn phi co sn, lau m, lm sch ti thiu 50mm hai bn ng hn Khng hn cc vt ang c p lc. i vi bnh cha cht d chy phi ra sch trc khi hn v lc hn phi m np Cng nhn hn trn cao phi c dy bo him. My hn phi c bao che, cch in, ni t, trnh b t nc. Phi b tr dy cp hn gn gng, trnh gy vng cho ngi qua li Phi t my vng chc v kim tra ton b trc khi tin hnh lm vic

b) Hn kh: Kim tra hn s dng ca cc bnh cha kh, kim nh an ton, kim tra trn bnh c cc vt nt, lm, khuyt tt khng, kim tra van c vn cht khng, c ng m d dng khng Khng bnh kh gn ngun nhit hoc ngn la Khi m van, cng nhn khng ng i din van Trnh va p cc bnh kh gy ma st mnh pht tia la Khng b tr nhiu bnh kh (>10 bnh) v nhiu cng nhn trong cng 1 phn xng Khi xy ra ha hon, phi chuyn cc bnh axetylen i trc.Cho php ln y cc bnh trong phm vi di 15-25m Khng dng chi kim loi lm sch van, kha Khng ht thuc khi lm vic

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CU 5Tnh mc n cho php ca phn xng Mt phn xng sn xut cch khu dn c mt khong R(m). Mc n ca phn xng pht ra n khu dn c khng c vt qu L (dB). Tnh mc n cho php ca phn xng pht ra im cch phn xng 1 mt. Bit tn s trung bnh ca gii 1 cta l f (Hz). MC18:R(m)=105 L(dB)=73 f(Hz)=2000 BI LM T cng thc: Lr=L0 20lgR Trong : L0: mc n cch ngun 1m R:khong cch t ngun n im kho st,R=105 (m) : tt dn ca ting n trong khng kh trn 1 km, tra bng 2-14 ta c Lr: mc n ti mt im cch ngun r (m),Lr=73(dB)

8dB

=12

Vy mc n cho php ca phn xng pht ra im cch phn xng 1m : L0 = Lr+20lgR+

+ 8dB=73+20lg105+(12x105)/1000+8=122,68(dB)CU 6

Tnh ton thit k tng cch m Mt bung sn xut c 4 my. My mt c mc n L1 (dB), my 2 c mc n L2 (dB), my 3 c mc n L3 (dB), my 4 c mc n L4 (dB). Tnh ton thit k tng cch m ca bung mc n trc tip ra ngoi nh khng vt qu Lo (dB). Bit rng kh nng cch m ca ca s, ca i, ca trn bng kh nng cch m ca tng. MC15 L1=96(dB); L2= 100(dB); L3= 99(dB) ; L4=104(dB); L0=75(dB) BI LM Mc n tng cng : L = L1 + L (dB) L1 : Mc n ln nht trong 4 ngun

L : Tr s tng thm ph thuc hiu mc n ca 4 ngun.tra bng 2.12

Sp xp cc ngun theo th th t nh n ln.L1