BALMACVIBRATION

METER USERMANUAL

BASICUNDERSTANDING OF

MACHINERYVIBRATION

Revised as of 2015

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Balmac Model 211 Vibration &Electronic

Stethoscope Meter Kit

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C

omm

on V

ibra

tion

Sou

rces

Iden

tific

atio

n G

uide

CA

USE

FR

EQU

ENCY

A

MPL

ITU

DE

PH

ASE

CO

MM

ENTS

Unb

alan

ce

1 x

RPM

H

ighe

st in

Rad

ial D

irec

tion-

Prop

ortio

nal t

o U

nbal

ance

Sin

gle

Mar

k (S

tead

y)

A c

omm

on c

ause

of vi

brat

ion.

Def

ectiv

e Ant

i-Fr

ictio

n Bea

ring

s Ver

y H

igh-

Oft

en F

rom

10

to

100

x RPM

U

se V

eloc

ity

Uns

tabl

e Vel

ocity

rea

ding

s ar

e hi

ghes

t at

def

ectiv

e be

arin

g.

As

failu

re a

ppro

ache

s, t

he a

mpl

itude

of

the

velo

city

sig

nal w

ill in

crea

se a

nd it

s fr

eque

ncy

will

de

crea

se.

Cag

e fr

eque

ncy

is a

ppro

xim

atel

y 0.

6 x

RPM

x n

umbe

r el

emen

ts.

Mis

alig

nmen

t of

Cou

plin

g or

Bea

ring

1,

2 o

r 3

x RPM

H

igh

Axi

al

Axi

al 5

0% o

r m

ore

of

Rad

ial

Oft

en 2

, Som

etim

es 1

or

3 U

se p

hase

ana

lysi

s to

det

erm

ine

rela

tive

mov

emen

t of

mac

hine

or

bear

ings

. U

se a

dia

l in

dica

tor

if po

ssib

le.

Oft

en d

iagn

osed

as

a be

nt s

haft

. Can

be

caus

ed b

y m

isal

ignm

ent

of V

bel

ts.

Sle

eve

Bea

ring

1

x RPM

N

ot L

arge

U

se D

ispl

acem

ent

Mod

e U

p to

600

0 CPM

Sin

gle

Ref

eren

ce M

ark

May

app

ear

to b

e un

bala

nced

. Sha

ft a

nd b

earing

am

plitu

de s

houl

d be

tak

en.

If s

haft

vi

brat

ion

is la

rger

tha

n th

e be

arin

g, v

ibra

tion

ampl

itude

indi

cate

s cl

eara

nce.

Ben

t Sha

ft

1 or

2 x

RPM

H

igh

Axi

al

1 or

2

Sim

ilar

to m

isal

ignm

ent.

Use

pha

se a

naly

sis.

Def

ectiv

e G

ears

H

igh

No.

Gea

r Te

eth

x RPM

Rad

ial

Uns

tead

y U

se v

eloc

ity m

easu

rem

ent.

Oft

en a

ffec

ted

by m

isal

ignm

ent.

Gen

eral

ly a

ccom

pani

ed b

y si

de

band

fre

quen

cy.

Pitt

ing,

scu

ffin

g an

d fr

actu

res

are

ofte

n ca

used

by

tors

iona

l vib

ratio

ns.

Freq

uenc

y so

met

imes

as

high

as

1 m

illio

n CPM

or

mor

e.

Mec

hani

cal L

oose

ness

2

x RPM

Som

etim

es

1 x

RPM

Pr

opor

tiona

l to

Loos

enes

s 1

or 2

Che

ck m

ovem

ent

of m

ount

ing

bolts

in r

elat

ion

to t

he m

achi

ne b

ase.

Diff

eren

ce b

etw

een

base

an

d m

achi

ne in

dica

tes

amou

nt o

f lo

osen

ess.

Def

ectiv

e D

rive

Bel

ts

1 or

2 x

Bel

t Spe

ed

Erra

tic

Use

Str

obe

to F

reez

e Bel

t in

OSC M

ode

Cal

cula

te t

he b

elt

RPM

usi

ng:

Lo

ok for

cra

cks,

har

d sp

ots,

sof

t sp

ots

or lu

mps

. Lo

ose

belt.

Cha

nges

with

bel

t te

nsio

n.

Elec

tric

al

1 or

2 x

Lin

e Fr

eque

ncy

(360

0 or

720

0 CPM

for

60

Hz

Pow

er)

May

app

ear

at

1 x

RPM

Usu

ally

Low

1

or 2

Mar

ks S

omet

imes

Slip

ping

Lo

oks

like

mec

hani

cal u

nbal

ance

unt

il po

wer

is r

emov

ed.

Then

dro

ps d

ram

atic

ally

.

Oil

Whi

p 45

- 5

5% R

PM

Rad

ial U

nste

ady

Uns

tabl

e Cau

sed

by e

xces

sive

cle

aran

ce in

sle

eve

bear

ings

or

by u

nder

load

ed b

eari

ngs.

Will

cha

nge

with

vis

cosi

ty o

f oi

l (te

mpe

ratu

re).

Hyd

raul

ic-A

erod

ynam

ic

No.

Bla

des

or V

anes

x R

PM

Erra

tic

Uns

tead

y M

ay e

xcite

res

onan

ce p

robl

ems.

Bea

t Fr

eque

ncy

Nea

r 1

x RPM

Var

iabl

e at

Bea

t Rat

e Rot

ates

at

Bea

t Fr

eque

ncy

Cau

sed

by t

wo

mac

hine

s, m

ount

ed o

n sa

me

base

, ru

nnin

g at

clo

se t

o sa

me

RPM

.

Res

onan

ce

Spe

cific

Critic

als

Hig

h Sin

gle

Ref

eren

ce M

ark

Phas

e w

i ll s

hift

180

° go

ing

thro

ugh

reso

nanc

e (9

0° a

t re

sona

nce)

. Am

plitu

de w

ill p

eak

at

reso

nanc

e. R

eson

ance

in fra

me

can

be r

emov

ed b

y ch

angi

ng r

otor

ope

ratin

g sp

eed

or b

y ch

angi

ng t

he s

tiffn

ess

of t

he s

truc

ture

.

NO

TE:

Ther

e ar

e se

vera

l add

ition

al d

etai

led

artic

les

that

iden

tify

mor

e co

mpl

icat

ed v

ibra

tion

sour

ces

at t

he V

ibes

Cor

p w

ebsi

te t

itled

:

1) L

EARN

ABO

UT

VIBR

ATI

ON

VO

LUM

E 1:

BASI

C U

ND

ERSTA

ND

ING

OF

MACH

INER

Y VIB

RAT

ION

2)

LEA

RN

ABO

UT

VIBR

ATI

ON

VO

LUM

E 2:

AD

VAN

CED

VIB

RAT

ION

AN

ALY

SIS

3) L

EARN

ABO

UT

ELEC

TRIC

ALL

Y IN

DU

CED

BEA

RIN

G D

AM

AGE

& S

HAFT

CU

RREN

TS

Pulle

y D

iam

eter

x 3

.141

Bel

t Le

ngth

x Pu

lley

RPM

Bel

t RPM

=

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BALMAC 242 Pocket Vibration Meter

Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration.Pocket size with battery and carrying case Large LCD display and Pushbutton Opera-tion.Mils (pk-pk), in/sec, g’s pk. 3 selectable ranges (200-20-2)180 to 60,000 RPM

(The 242 meter is not available in Metric at this time)

200 Digital Vibration Meter

Displacement,Velocity, Acceleration General Headphones/Electronic Stethoscope Portable with Battery and Carrying Case Pushbutton Operation.

Mils (pk-pk), In/sec (pk), g’s (pk) (4) Selectable ranges (200, 20, 2, VLR) 180 to 120,000 RPM Metric Version is Model 200M

205 Digital Vibration Meter

Displacement Velocity, Acceleration Small 100 mV/g Accelerometer Optional Head-phones/Electronic Stethoscope Portable with Battery and Carrying Case Large LCD Display Pushbutton Operation

Mils (pk-pk), In/sec (pk), g’s (pk) (4) Selectable Ranges (200, 20, 2, VLR) 26 to 300,000 RPM Metric version is Model 205M

211 Vibration Meter

Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration General Purpose Meter Optional Headphones/Electronic Stethoscope Portable with Battery and Carrying Case

mils (pk-pk), In/sec (pk), g’s (pk) 120 to 150,000 RPM Metric Version is Model 211M

ranges: - .03 - 1 - 3 - 10 - 30 - 100

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042010