Bamboo Construction & Techniques

BAMBOO CONSTRUCTION

& TECHNIQUES

CONTENTS

BambooConstruction &

Techniques

•Introduction •Resources in India •Why use bamboo? •Cost effective material•Construction techniques: joints in bamboo•How construction goes ?•Construction In India•Bamboo building system•Bamboo - preservative treatment •Advantages and disadvantages •Examples in India•Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION


Techniques

• Bamboo has been used for long and well established tradition for being used as a construction material throughout the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world.

• With the rising global concern, bamboo is a critical resource as it is very efficient in sequestering carbon and helps in reduction of Green House gas emissions.

• In the modern context when forest cover is fast depleting and availability of wood is increasingly becoming scarce, the research and development undertaken have established and demonstrated that bamboo could be a viable substitute of wood

• Its use through industrial processing have shown a high potential for production of composite materials and components which are cost-effective and can be successfully utilized for structural and non-structural applications in construction of housing and buildings

Source : Bamboo material for cost effective and disaster resistant housing

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• Above all bamboo is renewable raw material resource and if properly treated and industrially processed, components made by bamboo can have a reasonable life of 30 to 40 years.

• Natural durability of bamboo varies according to species and the types of treatments.

• Varied uses and applications in building construction have established bamboo as an environment-friendly, energy-efficient and cost-effective construction material.

INTRODUCTION


TechniquesSource: Bamboo A Material For Cost Effective And Disaster Resistant Housing, BMTPC

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• With the rising need of housing, buildings and roads the country requires a variety of alternate building materials and construction systems and advancements in bamboo technology offer several cost effective and environment friendly options.

Major bamboo growing Regions / statesArea

( % ) North East 28.0Madhya Pradesh 20.3Maharashtra 9.9Orissa 8.7 Andhra Pradesh 7.4Karnataka 5.5Other States 20.2(Kerala, UP, Jharkhand, West Bengal)

BAMBOO RESOURCES IN INDIA


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Source: BMTPC

• Bamboo is available readily in most part of the globe as a vernacular material.

• Bamboo grows very quickly and within 6 to 8 years we can get a matured harvest of bamboo.

• Bamboo stands release 35% more oxygen than equivalent stands of trees.

• Some bamboo even sequester up to 12 tons of carbon dioxide from the air per hectare.

• Bamboo can also lower light intensity and protects against ultraviolet rays.

• It is very easy, affordable, and profitable for low income communities to grow and use bamboo.

5WHY USE BAMBOO?


TechniquesSource: BMTPC

• Bamboo is one of the strongest building materials, tensile strength is 28,000 pounds per square inch versus 23,000 pounds per square inch for steel.

• Diverse species makes bamboo adaptable to many environments.

• It can be harvested in 3-5 years versus 10-20 years for most softwoods and hard woods.

• Bamboo tolerates extremes of precipitation, from 30-250 inches of annual rainfall.

6WHY USE BAMBOO?


TechniquesSource: http://civil-resources.blogspot.com/2010/06/use-of-bamboo-as-construction-material.html

Characteristics affecting usefulness of bamboo as construction material

- the strength of bamboo culms/stem- their straightness- lightness combined with hardeners

with good physical and mechanical properties, low shrinkage and average density, it is well suited to replace wood in several applications


Techniques

9BAMBOO AS COST EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

Source: Bamboo A material for cost effective and disaster resistant housing

Major Uses of Bamboo in Construction

• Scaffolding• Reinforcement• Roofing• Walling• Doors & Windows


Techniques

10BAMBOO AS COST EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

Source: Bamboo A material for cost effective and disaster resistant housing

11TRADITIONAL JOINTING PRACTICES


TechniquesSource: BMTPC

• Mild steel bolts.• M. S. Wire and pins• Plywood and gussets• Glued plywood/wood inserts

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MODERN JOINTING PRACTICES

Source: BMTPC

BAMBOO AS TRUSSES


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Source: BMTPC

HOW CONSTRUCTION GOES 14


TechniquesSource : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link

Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link


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DEMONSTRATION IN INDIA

Salient Features of the Structures• Bamboo posts • Bamboo grid ferrocement walls• Bamboo trusses and purlins


Techniques

Construction of demonstration structures using bamboo materials in Mizoram and Tripura

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Source : BMTPC


Techniques

Construction of Demonstration Structure using Bamboo based Technologies in Shillong

Source : BMTPC

16DEMONSTRATION IN INDIA

Two bedroom bamboo house constructed at IPIRTI (Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute) , Bangalore


TechniquesSource : BMTPC


Construction of Demonstration School Building using Bamboo based Technologies at Mizoram




Wall in fill : non-load-bearing, comprising a grid of split bamboo covered in wire mesh

and cement mortar

Roof structure: Bamboo rafters or trusses supporting bamboo purlins

20BAMBOO BUILDING SYSTEM



To date, a prototype building system has been developed comprising

Foundations : individual column footings

Columns : bamboo culms set in (or on) concrete footings

Floor : raised by two or three brick courses, filled with rubble.

21BAMBOO BUILDING SYSTEM



Roof covering: corrugated bamboo mat board

Doors and windows: frames of timber with bamboo mat board infill panels.

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BAMBOO BUILDING SYSTEM

Treated bamboo columns 75-100 mm diameter spaced at 1.2 m interval and set in cement concrete footing

FOUNDATION OF STONE MASONRY AND BASEMENT OF CEMENTCONCRETE BLOCKS

GRID PREPARATION

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BAMBOO HOUSE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES

Plastering

FIXING OF TRUSSFLOORING FIXING OF PURLINS

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Fixing of BMCS (Bamboo mat corrugated sheets)

INNER VIEW OF HOUSE FINISHED HOUSE

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CONSTRUCTION IN INDIA


Techniques

Name Of Project: Bamboo Symphony by Mansaram Architects Location: Bangalore, India Built -Up Area: 210.00 m2

Category: Office BuildingBamboo Symphony is shortlisted for the world architecture festival award 2011

Source : http://www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/9/view/16270/manasaram-architects-bamboo-symphony.html

CONSTRUCTION IN INDIA


Techniques

NTowards entrance lobby

Entrance

Reception and kiosk

Circulation

Boardroom

Studio

Principal’s office

Pond

BAMBOO SYMPHONY

Source : http://www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/9/view/16270/manasaram-architects-bamboo-symphony.html


Techniques

• Didi Contractor is a self-taught architect based in the Kangra Valley, Himachal since 1978.

• An artist by training and inclination, Didi always had a penchant for designing built spaces.

• Her current work utilizes mud from the site to make sun-dried bricks (adobe) and is very concerned with making a minimum ecological dent.


TechniquesSource : Down To Earth By Joginder Singh

DIDI CONTRACTOR’S WORKS

• She makes every effort to select building materials that consume the lowest possible energy in their production.

• Being based in a seismic zone Didi has also incorporated details to ensure structural safety.



ELEMENTS OF DIDI’S DESIGN

Landscape features are taken into consideration during the evolution of the design with the latter being fine-tuned in the numerous visits to the site. This leads to a building with spaces organized at various levels inside

• Walls are constructed out of Adobe (sun dried mud bricks of size 6x12x3 inches) created at site from earth harvested during excavation. Wall thickness is generally 18 inch wide and the wall is plastered in mud that has organic fiber additives to ensure that the plaster does not crack. Pulped waste paper can also be used to provide the fiber



DIDI CONTRACTOR’S WORKS

• In a large-scale project, Didi uses a combination of mud brick, burnt brick, stone and bamboo. She ensures structural safety while working towards reducing the carbon footprint of the building

• fast growing natural material

• sequestering of CO2

• available in large amounts (countries of origin)

• high mechanical strength

• high flexibility (earthquake-proof)

• inexpensive and sustainable

• development of new areas of application for bamboo in the building industry

• innovative application for representative buildings with high span widths


Techniques

ADVANTAGES OF BAMBOO

Source :Bamboo as a Building Material

• Bamboo does not lend itself to being painted because of its natural waxy coating.

• Excessive dying or bleaching of bamboo may diminish its structural integrity.

• Bamboo is prone to insect invasion, especially when not treated properly after harvest. Hazardous pesticides are used on some bamboo, including DDT.

• Untreated bamboo is prone to breaking down if it comes in contact with excess moisture.

• Bamboo that has been harvested prematurely cannot bear as much weight as its more mature counterparts.

• Designing and constructing with bamboo requires a special skill set that the average contractor may not possess.

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DISADVANTAGES OF BAMBOO

Source :Bamboo as a Building Material

• It is economical and helps achieve cost effective construction.

• Bamboo is a fast growing species and it is a renewable resource which can be cultivated in most types of soil.

• The designs of the components being simple, there is no need of highly skilled labour.

• The dependency on the natural forests for wood will be reduced thus contributing to the protection of the environment.

• As it can grow in many types of soil, bamboo cultivation is suitable for rehabilitation of degraded forests and other waste lands thus converting them into fertile lands to some extent.

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CONCLUSION

THANK YOU


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Bamboo Construction & Techniques