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Bandeirantes Landfill Gas to Energy Project

(BLFGE)April, 2007

MUNICIPAL CONCESSION OF GAS MUNICIPAL CONCESSION OF GAS EXPLORATIONEXPLORATION –– 20012001

•• PeriodPeriod ofof concessionconcession: 15 : 15 years with possibleyears with possible renewalrenewalfor for otherother 15 15 yearsyears

•• MonthlyMonthly paymentpayment for for usingusing andand exploringexploring ofof thethe biogas biogas to to São Paulo Municipality São Paulo Municipality (PMSP)(PMSP)

•• Concessor Concessor –– PMSP / PMSP / SecretarySecretary ofof GreenGreen andandEnvironmentEnvironment (SVMA)(SVMA)

THE BIOGÁS PROJECT

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ConcessionaireConcessionaire –– BiogBiogáás s Energia AmbientalEnergia Ambiental•• Arcadis Logos Arcadis Logos EnergyEnergy –– BusinessBusiness´́ss StructureStructure

•• VanVan der der WielWiel StortgasStortgas BV BV ––TechnologyTechnology

•• Heleno&Fonseca Heleno&Fonseca ConstrutConstrutéécnicacnica –– LandfillLandfill OperationOperation

THE BIOGÁS PROJECT

LandfillPopulation served: 6.000.000Owned by São Paulo Municipality and operated by contractor LOGA Year of start of operations: 1979Year of closure: March 2007Waste tonnage yearly profile: 2,000,000 ton.Types of waste disposed: Domiciliar (66,44 %), Debris (11,86 %) and others (21,70%);

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Landfill - location

Landfill – Location - 2002

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Landfill - Division

LandfillRecent aerial photo-July/2005

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Landfill EngineeringEngineering details (construction)

Gas collection system backgroundLeachate collection system background

OperationAverage depth: 70 mArea covered: 1,500,000 m²

450,000 m2 where most gas wells are

HDPE membrane (2 mm) at the bottomof 3 cells: AS-3, AS-4 and AS-5Total tonnage with gas collection:

AS-4/5-20.000.000 ton

Landfill EngineeringCompaction details: Caterpillar D6 and 816FFrequency of waste cover: once a dayType of daily cover: silty clay

40 – 60 cm depthType of final cover: silty clay

60 cm – 1 m depthIndustrial waste disposed alongsidehousehold waste until December 2004

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Drainage system from sources

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Main drainage of leachate

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Waste Composition

Source: Municipality of São Paulo -1998/2005

Construction Debris11.9%

Household Waste66.4%

Composting Sludge6.1%

Sludgy Wastewater3.7%

Commercial Residue (Restaurant,Supermarket, Office)

4.2%

Street Sweeping3.3%

Slag-Incineration1.0%

Pruning0.6%

Rain Water Galleries Sludge/Rubbish

2.6%

Open Air Markets (rotten vegetables, meat, fish)

0.2%

Organic (56% humidity): 58%

Landfill Gas Engineering

Main responsible for LFG Engineering: Van der Wiel Stortgas/ Mr. Frits WellingModelling

When LFG curve was modelled: 2003Model used: Van der Wiel’sanalyses were adapted to IPCC’sfirst order decay model.

Lo = 0.055 tCH4/t wastek = 0.105

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8 .8 6 9 ,3 310 .175,4 2

11.4 4 2 ,8 412 .0 79 ,9 6

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018Year

Gas

qua

ntity

[m3/

h]

Model Real

Landfill Gas EngineeringModel results:

Fugitivegas estimate

Feasibility study for energy exploitation of biogas from the landfills of São Paulo: • Bandeirantes...........................13.2MW• São João....................................8.0MW• Santo Amaro..............................6.5MW• Vila Albertina..............................4.1MW• Total: 31,8 MW

First Study-EPA/USA-1996

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Second Study -BIOGÁS / 2001

Pump testingCarried out Systematics:

When: 2001How many wells: 03For how long: 2 months

Pump testing results:

59,70Average

58,00PD 26

61,00PD 22

60,00PD 24

CH4 %Well No

Second Study -BIOGÁS / 2001Pump testing

Pump testing results:

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

08/1

2/01

12/1

2/01

16/1

2/01

20/1

2/01

24/1

2/01

28/1

2/01

01/0

1/02

05/0

1/02

09/0

1/02

13/0

1/02

17/0

1/02

21/0

1/02

25/0

1/02

29/0

1/02

02/0

2/02

06/0

2/02

Data

Vazã

o (N

m3/

h)

VAZÃO DE BIOGÁS - SOPRADOR VAZÃO DE METANO - SOPRADOR

PD 2

4

PD 2

2, P

D 2

4, 7

0% P

D 2

6

PD 2

4

PD 2

2, P

D 2

6

PD 2

2, 5

0% P

D 2

6

PD 2

2, 6

1% P

D 2

6

24.0041.00PD 26

81.00133.00PD 22

92.00154.00PD 24

Average flow of methane (Nm3/h)

Extracted average flow of biogas (Nm3/h)Well

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Landfill Gas PlantEngineering

Designed the plant: Frits Welling / Van der Wiel Stort Gas BVConstruction

When: 2003Who built the plant : Van der Wiel Stortgas BVBrief description of the plant:

Equipment origin: Germany and Netherlands

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Landfill Gas PlantPlant recent photo:July/2006

AS 1

AS 2

AS 3

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Landfill Gas Plant

Landfill Gas PlantOperation

Who operates the plant: person: Antonio Carlos Delbin, Director/entity: Biogás Energia Ambiental S.AWhen plant started operating: dec/2003Profile of flow CH4 extracted in time (jan/04 to feb/07):

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Landfill Gas PlantProfile of gas quality in time %CH4 x time:

Average % CH4 - Jan/2004 a Feb/2007

43,00

44,00

45,00

46,00

47,00

48,00

49,00

50,00

51,00

52,00

53,00

54,00

55,00

56,00

fev/04 jun/04 out/04 fev/05 jun/05 out/05 fev/06 jun/06 out/06 fev/07

Final Capture Project

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60 Km 60 Km ofof PipesPipes HDPE (HDPE (ΦΦ 110mm ~ 110mm ~ ΦΦ 315mm);315mm);

Final Capture Project

Installation of Above-groundNetwork

HDPE (HDPE (ΦΦ 315 mm);315 mm);

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Installation of the Capture HeadstocksInstallation of 220 headstocks, HDPEInstallation of 220 headstocks, HDPE parts specialparts special

Monitoring WellsStaff Staff –– 1 experienced engineer and 4 1 experienced engineer and 4

Environmental Engineering trainees Environmental Engineering trainees Through portable devices of field: Through portable devices of field:

AnemometerAnemometer (m/s)(m/s)ManometerManometer (mbar)(mbar)Gas Gas AnalyzerAnalyzer (% CH4, CO2 e O2)(% CH4, CO2 e O2)

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Pipeline MaintenanceStaff Staff –– 1 Technical, 1 Truck Driver, 1 Machine 1 Technical, 1 Truck Driver, 1 Machine

Driver and 12 assistantsDriver and 12 assistantsEquipment: Equipment:

Landfill Gas PlantComparison: engineering vs actual project: problems: fugitive gas emissions:

• Four caps were installed in four areas. Results:• The average Methane flow in the four areas is 0.050

Nm3/h/m2

• Gas emissions from Biogás S.A Estimate in this Study: between 9,400 and 23,929 N.m ³ /h - 50% CH4.

• Van der Wiel Estimative (Gas Capture) AS-4 and AS-5: +/-22,000 Nm³/h. 50% CH4.

• Currently (Biogás S.A): 13,000 N.m³/h 50% CH4.• Difference = 9,000 N.m³/h 50% CH4.

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Comparison: engineering vs actual project: problems= leachate (chorume) and landfill stress effects.

Wellwith cap

Landfill Gas Plant

Leachate

“Because of the landfill’s horizontal and vertical movements, the wells break and leachate accumulates -> LFG extraction double barrier”

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Main IssuesSolutions under implementation/to be implemented

Suppressor

Mini HDPE Manifold

Main IssuesSolutions under implementation/to be implemented

Capture of Fugitive gas

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Landfill Gas PlantExplanation for differences

Landfill operation x LFG Plantoperation/performance

Final Remarks

Prevent the burning of the biogas in the wells (vertical drains), a consequence of high temperatures

The solution for the capture of the fugitive gas will be either to drill or to install a PEAD cap in the surface of the landfill

For a better capture efficiency the vertical gas wells shall be made of HDPE.

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BIOGBIOGÁÁS ENERGIA AMBIENTAL S ENERGIA AMBIENTAL -- UTE UTE

BANDEIRANTESBANDEIRANTESwww.biogaswww.biogas--ambiental.com.brambiental.com.br

delbin@biogasdelbin@biogas--ambiental.com.brambiental.com.br

THE END = THANK´S TO ALL!!!!!