Bangladesh - GoBangladesh Ecosan Activities

7/31/2019 Bangladesh - GoBangladesh Ecosan Activities

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Ashoke Madhab RoyDeputy Secretary Local Govt. DivisionMinistry of Local Government Rural Development &

Cooperatives


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Area : 147,570 sq. km

Population : 144 million

Population Density : 976 persons per sq. km

Location : In the West, North & North-East: India

In the South East: Myanmar

In the South: Bay of BengalAverage Height : 10m above sea level.

Capital City : Dhaka

Language : Bengali

Currency : Taka (1 US$ = 68 Taka)

Government : Parliamentary FormMain River : The Padma, the Jamuna & the Meghna

Climate : Sub-tropical

Temperature : 7.22 - 22.77 0C in winter & 23.88 - 38.5 0C in summer

Average Rainfall : Annually 1429 to 4338 mm

Main Export : Jute, Tea, Garments, Frozen Fish etc.


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GoalsGlobalTargets

Bangladesh Target IndicatorsCurrentStatus

MDGTarget2015

EnsureEnvironmentalSustainability

Target 10 Halve,by 2015, theproportion of

people withoutsustainableaccess to safeDrinking Waterand basicsanitation

Ensure that 100% ofurban and 96.5% ofrural population have

access to safe water by2010

Indicator 29:Proportion ofpopulation with

sustainable access toan improved watersource:

urban 99.2% 100%

rural 97.1% 96.5%

Ensure that 100% ofUrban and rural

population have accessto improved sanitationby 2010

Indicator 30:Proportion of population

with sustainable accessto improved sanitation :

urban 86% 85.5%

rural 88% 55.5%

Bangladesh MDGs Status at a Glance


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- Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE)

- SACOSAN (2003)

- Dhaka Declaration: Sanitation for All by 2010- Recalls Education for All promise

- Baseline survey: 2003

- 47% no access to any sanitation facility

- 29% sanitary latrines

- 24% unhygienic latrines


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- National Strategy (2005)

- Completely stopping open defecation

- Sanitary latrines for all families (maximum 2

families)- All will use sanitary latrines

- Sustainable arrangements for upkeep andmaintenance

- Improved personal hygiene practices

- Wastewater, solid waste disposal also addressed


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EcoSan Technologies for urban sanitation

- Low cost appropriate technology (e.g. twin pit, eco

san) should be promoted in peri-urban areas as wellas in other small to medium sized urban centers

where feasible.


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- Full political support

- National Sanitation Secretariat (DPHE)

- Sanitation Task Forces (District, Upazila, Union)

- Devolution to local government

- Linkage with Pro-Poor Strategy for Water and

Sanitation

- National Sanitation Month


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- 20% of ADP earmarked for sanitation for hard-core

poor

FY 2005: Tk 180 million

- 25% of union sanitation funds (about 20,000 Tk) forpromotional activities

- 10,000 Tk each ward member

- Cash rewards: Open Defecation Free unions (200,000

Tk) and upazilas (500,000 Tk). > 1000 UPs by 2007

- 50 crore Tk (about 7 million USD) to DPHE for

latrines


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Autonomous organisation supported by Japan (JICA/JADE) and

local NGOs have been taken initiative to promote Eco toilet in

Bangladesh since 2004. Organizations are mainly:

Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD);

Society for Peoples Action in Change and Action (SPACE)

Bangladesh Association for Social Advancement (BASA) Practical Action


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With financial and technical supports of JADE, a JapaneseNGO piloting 15 EcoSan toilets in 2004 ;

135 EcoSan toilets constructed and usage by community so far

Over 80% toilets always found well-managed;


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SPACE a local NGO supported by JADE/JICA Constructed 25 Eco toilets in a flood prone areas; 402 toilets at household level 15 toilets in 5 schools Cost of each household toilets Tk. 10,000 to 12500 (Equivalent to US$

150 to 180) and toilet owners shared 30% to 40% of total constructioncosts. 37 toilets installed by 100% cost paid by owners. Each Secondary School EcoSan toilets (with 6 vaults, 6 urinals, 3

separate hand washing arrangements and room attached) costs Tk.

80,000 (Equivalent to US$ 1180). Schools have shared 20% of the totalcost. Initiative taken on micro-finance basis;


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BASA, a national NGO and Practical Action have jointlyinstalled 9 EcoSan toilets in Gazipur with financialassistance of WASTE, Netherlands under ISSUE-2 project;

Installed 6 EcoSan toilets in Chittagong and Noakhali

districts with financial assistance of WHO; BASA has installed double vault household based UDD

options Each toilet costs Tk. 18500 to 20000 (equivalent to US$

250-300) Toilet owners shared 20% to 30% of total construction

costs;


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Practical Action (PA) has piloted 2 EcoSan toilets in urban areaof Faridpur and jointly installed 9 EcoSan toilets in Gazipur withBASA;

Another 5 local NGOs with technical supports of SPACE havestarted installation of EcoSan toilets in their project areas;


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Initiatives of EcoSan by GOB GOB has undertaken initiatives for installation at

least one EcoSan toilet in each union (4500 unions)as a demonstration and allocated resources

accordingly;

20% Unions could install the allocated EcoSantoilets


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Design


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Design


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Design


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Design


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Adequacy

About 3000 Eco toilets are available in Bangladesh

Still under observation

For R&D it is adequate For implementation it is still too small


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Reflection in SACOSAN

Bangladesh experienced shared in the last

SACOSAN (lll)


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EcoSan potentials

Bangladesh population : 140 m

Products about 56 m tons of urine

Equivalent to 45 m tons of useable urea

Can replace about 30 m tons of chemical urea

Produces about 14 m tons of feaces

Can be converted to 3.5 m tons of useable compost

Can replace 0.8 m tons of chemical fertilizers


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EcoSan potentials

Bangladesh currently uses around 5 m tons of chemicalfertilizers which can be replaced by just bringing 25% of ourpopulation under the coverage of eco-sanitation


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Challenges

Effective Coordination

Users friendly and affordable designs

Limited fundsGovt. and Donors; Absence of users friendly guidelines;

Building capacities at all levels;

Still considered pilot; Local Authorities unaware;


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Thank you

Documents

Bangladesh - GoBangladesh Ecosan Activities