M uThc phm l nhu cu cn thit cho s sng v pht trin ca loi ngi. Thi k s khai, thc phm n gin c v phng php ch bin v bo qun. Khi khoa hc k thut pht trin nhanh chng th vic ch bin lng thc, thc phm cng tin nhng bc kh nhanh, cch xa so vi trnh ch bin c xa. Cho n khi xut hin s b sung nhng k thut ch bin n nh sn phm trong thi gian lu tr th mt ngnh cng nghip mi i cng nghip thc phm. Nhng thnh tu mi nht ca cc ngnh khoa hc c con ngi p dng vo sn xut v ch bin lng thc, thc phm. Hu ht cc loi thc phm u b nh hng bi cc yu t bn ngoi nh nc, t, bi, oxi, vi sinh vt...V vy chng phi c cha ng trong bao b kn. Theo xu hng i ln ca x hi, con ngi ngy cng c nhu cu cao hn v gi tr cm quan v i hi v tnh thm m. Do , mu m bao b cng dn tr thnh yu t quan trng trong cnh tranh. Xut pht t yu cu thc tin bao b ra i khng ch vi chc nng n thun l bao gi v bo v sn phm m tr thnh cng c chin lc trong qung b sn phm v gy dng thng hiu. Vi s pht trin mnh m ca ngnh gm s, cht do, cng ngh vt liu, bao b gm s ra i.Chng ta s cng tm hiu v bao b gm s.

Chng I: Gii thiu v bao b thc phm Bao b ca thc phm ng vai tr quan trng trong vic to ra s sn c cho sn phm v gi cho sn phm khng b mt i2

thnh phn dinh dng ca n. N cng gip cho vic vn chuyn cc loi thc phm tr nn d dng v hiu qu hn t ni sn xut n tay ngi tiu dng.Trn bao b khch hng cng c th nm c cc thng tin v thnh phn dinh dng ca sn phm cng nh cc thng tin khc. 1.1 Lch s pht trin ca bao b -Thi k , vt cha ng thc n thc ung chnh l nhng khc g rng, nhng qu bu b kh, v s, c hoc nhng b phn ca th rng nh da, xng, sng...H cng bit dt ti cha t c hoc lng th... -n thi k mi, con ngi bit ch to cha bng kim loi v pht hin ra t st ch to gm.Ch yu gm thi k ny dng cha lng thc, nc ung, ru... -Hn 1500 nm trc cng nguyn con ngi bit ch to ra loi thy tinh cha cht lng. -Theo thi gian nhu cu trao i, bun bn hng ha gia cc tc ngi pht trin; nhiu loi hng ha nh ru vang, du oliu...c xut khu cha trong cc bnh gm nung. Gm s tr thnh bao b thc phm. - Cng vi s pht trin ca x hi, con ngi ngy cng pht trin nhiu loi bao b khc nhau mang nhiu tnh cht u vit hn. Bao b gm s khng cn ng dng nhiu trong thc phm. - Ngnh bao b gm s t nh cao vo th k 18-19 sau nhng ch cho cc loi vt liu v bao b khc. gm: gm c sn xut ln u tin vo th k 15. -Vo th k 15, triu i nh Minh Trung Quc thit lp trung tm trao i thng mi gm s vi vng Nam, Ty v Ai Cp. gm tr thnh gia dng cha ng thc phm, dng lm chn a n ung lu i v ph bin nht khp th gii.Theo thi gian nhu cu trao i bn bn hng ha gia cc tc ngi pht trin. Nhiu loi hng ha nh ru vang, du oliu c xut khu cha trong cc bnh gm nung.Gm s tr thnh bao gi thc phm. Tuy nhin cng s pht trin ca x hi ko theo s ra i cc vt liu ch to bao b u vit hn nh cht do, giy,kim3

loi,thy tinh...Nhng khng phi v vy m n mt tm quan trng trong ngnh cng ngh thc phm. 1.2. nh ngha Bao b l vt cha ng, bao bc thc phm thnh n v l bn. Bao b c th bao gm nhiu lp bao bc, c th ph kn hon ton hay ch bao bc mt phn sn phm. Bao b gm 2 loi: .Bao b kn .Bao b h -Bao b kn: Bao b kn cha ng sn phm lm nhim v ngn cch mi trng bn ngoi khng th xm nhp vo mi trng bn trong cha thc phm nhm m bo cht lng thc phm khng b bin i trong sut thi gian bo qun. -Bao b h: gm 2 dng: + Bao b h bao gi trc tip cc loi rau qu hoc hng ha ti sng, cc loi thc phm khng bo qun lu, ch bin n ngay. + Bao b bc bn ngoi lp bao b cha ng trc tip thc phm, to s xp khi sn phm thun tin, an ton trong vn chuyn hoc lu kho. 1.3. Mi quan h gia bao b v cht lng sn phm Mi loi thc phm c 1 c tnh ring v lun c th hin bi cc mt sau y: -Dinh dng -An ton v sinh -Cm quan 1.3.1 Dinh dng: - Ty theo ngun nguyn liu, phng php ch bin m thc phm cha thnh phn dinh dng khc nhau. - Thc phm t tiu chun dinh dng l thc phm c cha phn ln cc thnh phn dinh dng t ngun nguyn liu. Cc thnh phn ny khng b bin i c tnh hoc ch bin i 1 lng nh trong qu trnh ch bin. 1.3.2 An ton v sinh4

- Cc c t c ngun gc ha hc hoc vi sinh t nguyn liu ban u hay c to ra trong qu trnh ch bin u phi c loi tr n mc thp hn gii hn cho php tng ng vi tng loi sn phm. - Sn phm thc phm c th b h hng, gim cht lng lm mt i s an ton i vi ngi tiu dng do nhiu nguyn nhn: + VSV nhim vo thc phm trong qu trnh ch bin, ng gi, t bao b nhim vo thc phm hoc t mi trng thng qua bao b i vo sn phm. + Cc thnh phn ha hc nh kim loi nng, vt liu polime, mc in bao b, cc ph gia trong qu trnh ch to plastic t bao b nhim vo thc phm u c th gy ng c mn tnh cho ngi s dng. 1.3.3 Cm quan Tnh cht cm quan bao gm cu trc, trng thi, mu sc, mi v sn phm. N to nn mt dng v, m quan cho thc phm, ng thi n cng to nn khu v c trng cho sn phm . Thc phm t cht lng l sn phm thc phm t c cc mc tiu chun v dinh dng, an ton v sinh v cm quan 1.4. Mi quan h gia bao b v s pht trin ca x hi - S pht trin ca XH CN ha ng thi vi s pht trin ca th gia tng dn s trong khu vc thnh th cc i gia nh nng thn thnh cc gia nh nh thay i vic bn tng khi ln hng ha trc kia thnh tng n v nh cung cp hp l cho ngi tiu dng. - Bn cnh , XH pht trin, mc sng ca ngi dn ngy cng c nng cao. Do , yu cu v hng ha thc phm cng tng, bn cnh ngi tiu dng cn i hi thc phm phi thay i v kiu dng, mu m cho ph hp v t cht lng an ton v sinh thc phm. - Ngy nay, bao b c s dng nh l cng c tip th t c gi tr gia tng cho sn phm. Ring i vi ngnh CNTP th t l chi ph cho bao b ngy cng cao so vi tng chi ph sn xut thc phm.T a n s cnh tranh cao nhm gim gi5

thnh sn phm v yu cu vt liu bao b t tnh nng cao. S chuyn bin c tnh chin lc ca cng ngh thc phm yu cu ngnh bao b pht trin mnh m v lng cng nh v cht vi mng nguyn liu plastic n, mng phc hp, lon thp trng thic, chai l nha, chai l thy tinh, ba cng cc loi... Bao b thc phm ni ln iu g? Khi ng trc mt thc phm, bn s quan tm ti iu g chn c thc phm tt, an ton v ph hp? c nhn bao b chnh l mt gii php n gin m hiu qu gip bn la chn thc phm hu ch. Bao b khng ch l ni cha ng v lm cho sn phm thm bt mt m qua nh sn xut cn mun cung cp ton b thng tin v sn phm v hng dn cch s dng tt nht. -Nhng thng tin: +Tn v nhn hiu sn phm. +Nh sn xut hoc ni ng gi l ngi chu +Trch nhim v sn phm m bn s dng. + Ngy sn xut v ngy ht hn -Cht lng sn phm: + Thnh phn nguyn liu v ph gia thc phm. + Gi tr dinh dng -Phng thc ch bin: + Cc phng php ch bin c bit cng thng c ch r trn bao b.

Chng II: S lc v bao b gm sBao b l vt cha ng, bao bc thc phm thnh n v bn. Bao b c th bao bc, c th ph kn hon ton hay ch bao bc mt phn sn phm. 2.1. Lch s bao b gm s

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- Vo thi k mi, con ngi bit cch s dng t st ch to gm. Ch yu gm trong thi k ny c dng cha ng cc loi lng thc, nc ung, ru - Cng vi s pht trin ca x hi, con ngi ngy cng pht trin nhiu loi bao b khc nhau mang nhiu tnh cht u vit hn. Bao b gm s khng cn ng dng nhiu trong sn xut thc phm na. - gm c sn xut ln u tin vo th k 15. Vo th k 15, triu i nh Minh Trung Quc thit lp trung tm trao i thng mi gm s vi vng Nam, Ty v Ai Cp. gm tr thnh gia dng cha ng thc phm, dng lm chn a n ung lu i v ph bin nht khp th gii. -Theo thi gian nhu cu trao i bn bn hng ha gia cc tc ngi pht trin. Nhiu loi hng ha nh ru vang, du oliu c xut khu cha trong cc bnh gm nung.Gm s tr thnh bao gi thc phm. - Ngnh bao b gm s t nh cao vo th k 18 19, sau nhng ch cho cc loi vt liu v bao b khc.

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2.2.Cu to Bao b gm s bao gm: 2.2.1. Men gm L mt lp thu tinh c chiu dy t 0.15 -0.4mm ph ln b mt xng gm.Lp thu tinh ny hnh thnh trong qu trnh nung v c tc dng lm cho b mt sn phm tr nn st c ,nhn,bng. - Cng thc Seger : 1.RO x.Al2O3 y.SiO2 z.B2O3 Trong : +R: Pb, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Ba, Li, Zn. Men mu: Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, Fe

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+ Oxide lng tnh nm xen k gia oxide base v oxide acid, nhm ny ch yu l Al2O3. Oxide acid bao gm SiO2 l chnh, ngoi ra c th c thm B2O3.

Cao lanh - Chng c thnh phn chnh l (Na,Ca)0,33(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2.nH2O , nhng thnh phn ca n thay i theo pH: + Khi pH ca mi trng l 3-4 th khong chnh hnh thnh l caolinit + Khi pH ca mi trng l 8-9 th khong chnh hnh thnh l mntmrilnit Men gm l mt h phc tp gm nhiu oxide nh li20,Na20,K20,Cao,Zn0,Mg0,Al203,Si02,..... 2.2.2 Nguyn liu do (plastic):cao lanh(kaolin), t st(clay),bt talc(steatit),betonit.... Cao lanh v t st l sn phm phong ha tn d ca cc loi gc cha trng thch nh pegmatit, granit,gabro, bazan.Ngoi

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ra n cn c th c hnh thnh do qu trnh bin cht trao i cc gc nh qung phiphya. Cao lanh nguyn sinh (tc cao lanh th) l cao lanh hnh thnh ngay ti m gc.Nu sn phm phong ha tn d nhng b nc, bng h, gi cun i ri lng ng li ti cc ch trng hnh thnh nn cc m cao lanh hay t st trm tch cn gi l cao lanh th sinh. 2.2.2.1 Thnh phn ha v khong vt Cao lanh v t st xt theo thnh phn ha v thnh phn khong cng nh cu trc bao gm 28 loi n quang khc nhau chia thnh cc nhm khong. 3 nhm khong quan trng nht i vi ngnh cng nghip gm s l: +Caolinit: Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O. Thnh phn ha ca khong ny l SiO2(46,54%) ; Al2O3(39,5%) ; H2O(13,96%) +Nhm montmorilonit Al2O3.4SiO2.H2O + n H2O Mng li tinh th khong ny gm 3 lp( 2 t din SiO4 v 1 bt din AlO6).So vi caolinit th khong ny c lc lin kt yu hn, y cc nhm OH nm bn trong 3 lp trn to thnh gi kiu kn. +Nhm khong cha alkili( cn gi l illit hay mi ca) Illit hay mica ngm nc l nhng khong chnh trong nhiu loi t st.Cc dng mica ngm nc thng gp l: .Muscovit: K2O.3Al2O3.6SiO2.2H2O .Biotit: K2O.4MgO.2Al2O3.6SiO2.2H2O 2.2.2.2. do v kh nng to hnh do ca t st v cao lanh khi trn vi nc l kh nng gi nguyn hnh dng mi khi chu tc dng ca lc bn ngoi m khng b nt. Nguyn nhn: -Kh nng trt ln nhau ca cc ht st. -Hin tng dnh kt cc ht st vi nhau thnh mt khi. -Thnh phn ,kch thc v hnh dng ca ht st,cu trc ca khong st l nhng yu t chnh nh hng ti do.

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Ni chung nu hm lng nc khong 16% t st nm c thnh nm.T 21-26% hn hp rt do c kh nng to hnh bng phng php do. do t cc i khi lng nc va thc hin qu trnh hydrate ho hon ton,cho php to hnh do. Khi lng nc ln th h cao lanh, t st li chy t = 900-10000C thnh dng lin tc, cho php to hnh bng phng php h rt. 2.2.2.3 S bin i ca t st v cao lanh khi nung Khong chnh v ph bin nht trong t st v cao lanh l caolinit Khi nung nng xy ra hin tng sau y: -Bin i th tch km theo mt nc. -Bin i thnh phn khong bao gm mt nc ha hc,bin i cu trc tinh th khong ban u. -Cc cu t phn ng vi nhau to ra pha mi. -Hin tng kt khi. quan st bin i ca st trong lc nung c nhiu phng php nh sau: -Phng php nhit vi sai. -Phng php nhiu x Rnghen. -Phng php xc nh ng cong co v dn n lin tc qua knh hin vi nhit cao hoc bng dilatomet. -Phng php thch hc dng cc loi knh hin vi quan st s thay i cu trc ca mu nung Mt c im ca cao lanh v t st khi nung nhit cao l hin tng kt khi. l qu trnh st c v rn chc l ca cc phn t khong vt(sn phm) dng bt ti di tc dng cu nhit v p sut,hoc tc dng ng thi ca 2 yu t . Vt th kt khi c cng c hc cao, xp v kh nng ht nc nh,mt hay khi lng th tch s ln nht. Hin tng kt khi c mt pha lng bao gi cng xy ra mnh lit hn.Sn phm mun kt khi tt trong iu ki thng thng phi nung ti nhit >= 0,8T( T: chu la hay nhit nng chy)11

Khong kt khi l hiu s nhit gia nhit kt thc qu trnh v nhit bt u kt khi. l nhit ng vi n cc tnh cht bt u thay i t ngt. 2.2.3.Nguyn liu gy 2.2.3.1 Trng thch v cc hp cht cha n Trng thch l nhng aluminosilicat K,,Na,Ca tc K[alSi3O8] hay Na[AlSi3O8], K+ c th thay th bi Ba2+ ,Sr2+ nhng rt him. Trong thc t t khi chng tn ti dng n khong ring bit m ph bin l cc hn hp ng hnh. Tc dng ca trng thch:c tc dng to pha lng trong qu trnh nung,h nhit nung v thc y qu trnh kt khi sn phm gm.Trng thch kali c tc dng tt trong xng s v cho hp h thp nhit nung song khong nung rng,s t b bin hnh.Trng thch natri li thch hp cho men s: nht ca men b,d chy,men bng long hn . Trong thc t trng thch tn ti dng dung dch rn.i vi xng s khi hn hp chim 60% trng thch kali v 40% trng thch natri vn dng rt tt. Tc dng ca trng thch i vi xng s cn ch khi n nng chy c th ha tan thch anh hay sn phm phn hy cao lanh khi dung dch t ti bo ha s kt tinh mullit dng hnh kim. Vai tr ca trng thch trong cng nghip: gm s rt quan trng v chng nhng n quyt nh iu kin cng ngh nhit nung m cn nh hng ln ti cc tnh cht k thut ca s.S mun c trong cao ngoi vic hn ch cc oxit gy mu phi a vo mt lng trng thch ln 29-30%.i vi s cch in cao th mun c bn in cao,hm lng trng thch >=30%. 2.2.3.2 Thch anh Cng thc ha hc ca thch anh l SiO2,n rt ph bin trong qu t. Trong thin nhin thch anh tn ti di 2 dng chnh:

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-Dng tinh th bao gm cc thch anh quaczit v sa thch.Cc sch cha ch yu l SiO2 l nguyn liu chnh cho cng nghip thy tinh v men s. -Dng v nh hnh bao gm cui v iatomit. cui nu loi c cng cao, bo mn nh,b mt ngoi nhn th lm bi nghin nghin nguyn liu, phi liu gm s rt tt. 2.2.4 Cc loi nguyn liu khc Cng nghip gm s cn dng nhiu loi nguyn liu khc nh:hot thch3MgO.4SiO2.2H2O, viCaCO3,dolomit CaCO3..Mg CO3 (trong CaCO3 chim 54,27% , Mg CO3 chim 45,73%),cc hp cht cha BaO,TiO2,Zr2O3,Al2O3;ngoi ra cn dng cc oxit thuc h t him La2O3,BeO,ThO2 hay cc oxit thuc nhm oxit thuc nhm chuyn tip nh CoO,Cr2O3 thng dng sn xut cht mu. 2.2.5. Nguyn liu lm khun Ph bin nht ngi ta hay dng l khun thch cao.Ngy xa ngi ta dng khun g. Trong thin nhin thch cao tn ti di dng hydratesunphatcanxi CaSO4.2H2O,vi 21% nc kt tinh.Lc sn xut khun thch cao cha 0,5 phn t nc(CaSO4.0,5H2O),dng thch cao ny nhn c bng cch sy bt thch cao sng CaSO4.2H2O 17000C. 2.3.Quy trnh sn xut gm s S quy trnh :

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Quy trnh sn xut gm s bao gm cc giai on nh sau: 2.3.1 To ct gm15

+ Chn t - Loi t st trng - Thnh phn ha hc Al203:27,07; Si02:55,87; Fe203:1,2; Na2O:0,7; CaO:2,57; MgO:0,78; K2O:2,01;Ti02:0,81 yu cu : do cao,kh tan trong nc,chu la khong 1650 o C +X l t -Phng php x l t truyn thng l x l thng qua ngm nc trong h thng 4 b cha . B nh . B lng . B phi . B Ty theo tng loi t m c th pha thm cao lanh nhiu mc khc nhau +Phi sy -Yu cu: kh, khng b nt n, khng lm thay i hnh dng sn phm -Phng php c truyn: hong kh hin vt trn gi v ni thong mt -Ngy nay s dng bin php tng nhit t t cho nc bc hi dn dn

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Phi th cng +To dng Phng php to dng c truyn l lm bng tay trn bn xoay

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-p nn mt sn phm gm hon chnh, nhng cng c khi p nn tng b phn ring r ca mt sn phm v sau tin hnh chp ghp li. -Ngy nay ngi ta s dng ph bin phng php c hin vt.Mun c hin vt gm theo k thut c trc ht phi ch to khun bng thch cao.

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To dng cho sn phm +Sa hng mc -Sn phm mc nh hnh cn em " vc" v sa li cho hon chnh. -Ngi th gm tin hnh cc ng tc ct, gt ch tha, bi p ch khuyt, chp cc b phn, khoan l, ta li ng nt hoa vn v thut nc cho mn mt sn phm. -Theo yu cu trang tr c th p ph iu, khc ha tit trang tr trn mt sn phm. 2.3.2 Trang tr hoa vn v ph men +Trang tr -Dng bt lng v trc tip trn nn mc cc hoa vn ha tit -Gn y, xut hin k thut v trn nn xng gm nung s ln 1 hoc k thut hp hoa (mt li trang tr hnh in sn trn giy decal) -Hoa vn hc tit phi hi ha vi dng gm,cc ha tit trang tr ny nng ngh gm ln mc ngh thut, mi sn phm l 1 tc phm ngh thut

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Trang tr hoa vn

+Trng men -C th nung s b sn phm nhit thp ri sau mi em trng men hoc dng ngay sn phm mc hon chnh trc tip trng men ln trn ri mi nung. -Nhng sn phm m xng gm c mu trc khi trng men phi c mt lp men lt che bt mu ca xng gm. -Hnh thc: phun v di men ln b mt ct gm c ln v nhng men i vi loi gm nh. 2.3.3 Sa hng men: -Ngi th gm tin hnh tu chnh li sn phm ln cui trc khi a vo l nung. -Trc ht phi xem k tng sn phm mt xem c ch no khuyt men th phi p men vo cc v tr y. -Sau tin hnh ct d, tc co b nhng ch d tha men. 2.3.4 Nung - C cc loi l nung nh: l ch, l n, l bu, l hp, l con thoi, l tuynen - Cc loi kiu nung : + Chng y: xp bao nung v sn phm ba lp t y ln + Chng gia: xp ba lp gia + Gi mt: xp ba lp cui cng v tr cao nht trong l - Thi gian t l: khong 3 ngy 3 m. - Sau khi l ngui, sn phm ra l c nh gi phn loi v sa cha li cc khuyt tt trc khi em ra phn phi s dng.

Chng IV: Cc chc nng ca bao b gm sBao b thc phm ni chung v bao b gm s ni ring l yu t quan trng cu thnh sn phm thc phm hon chnh. Ta s tm hiu v sn phm ru Bu thy c tm quan trng bao b gm s c th hin qua cc chc nng ca n.

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Ru Bu 4.1. Chc nng bo v Trong qu trnh bo qun v lu thng hng ha, thc phm lun lun b tc ng bi nhiu yu t khc nhau nn d b h hng. Vi bao b ca thc phm ng hp bng gm s n c chc nng bo v sn phm bn trong khi tc ng ca cc yu t: - Nhit mi trng, khng kh m, bi v cc cht gy hi th kh d xm nhp. - Tc ng c hc trong qu trnh bc d, vn chuyn, bo qun sn phm khng b tro ra ngoi (vi loi sn phm lng nh ru Bu , Ru Cn) v khng b ri ra ngoi i vi thc phm tht, cnhng d v, v loi bao b ny c tnh c hc thp. V th bao b bng gm s bo v sn phm trnh b h hng v bo qun c trong mt thi gian di. 4.2. Chc nng thng tin:22

Trn bao b ca tt c cc sn phm ng hp u c cung cp y thng tin cn thit v sn phm , bao gm: - Tn sn phm: Ru Bu - Tn cng ty: - Ni sn xut: Xm Tn Long, thn C Lm, x Nhn Lc, huyn An Nhn, tnh Bnh nh - Thnh phn v hm lng cc cht trong sn phm: 100% go nguyn cht - Thi im sn xut: - Hn s dng: khng thi hn, cng lu ung cng ngon - Cch bo qun: Bo qun ni kh mt. - Cch s dng: Dng ngay - Cc k hiu quy c: khuyn khch ti s dng, gi gn v sinh mi trng. - M vch cc loi sn phm Hnh nh thit k trn bao b c php lut bo v, trnh trng hp cc i th cnh tranh sao chp hay lm gi sn phm. Cc thng tin ghi trn bao b u phi c vit bng ting Vit do sn phm ang c bn trn th trng Vit Nam, phc v ngi Vit Nam. Ngoi ra cn c mt phn c dch ra ting Anh. y l yu t th hin mong mun m rng th trng ca nh sn xut, hng n i tng l ngi nc ngoi. 4.3. Chc nng maketting: Bao b khng ch c tc dng bo v sn phm m cn ng vai tr quan trng trong vic xc tin sn phm, xt t gc kinh doanh. Cc hnh thc ca bao b nh : hnh dng, kch thc bao b, mu sc trang tr mt cch hi ha v y thng tin cn thit s to sc ht cho ngi tiu dng.23

4.4. Chc nng s dng: - D m, ch cn git nt trn ming Rng trn bao b - D rt ra ngoi. - Kch thc ph hp vi ngi s dng, c th l 330ml v 750ml - Khng nh vai tr quan trng n s pht trin ca thc phm - Bao b ra i vi nhiu mu m tho mn th hiu ca ngi tiu dng ,cht lng bao b ngy cng nng cao 4.5. Chc nng phn phi: Lng sn phm c ng trong bao b phi ph hp vi ngi tiu dng v thi quen.Dung tch v khi lng ca bao b khng qu nhiu hoc qu t cho ngi s dng.Thc phm cha trong bao b gm s c sn xut c kch c v a dng nn nhiu loi sn phm thc phm c phn b rng ri trn ton quc nh ru cn ho bnh,ru bu bnh nh. 4.6. Chc nng sn xut Trn dy chuyn sn xut, bao b gm s thng b tc ng bi cc yu t k thut v th bao b phi va m bo c hiu qu kinh t va tha mn cc yu cu k thut, ch yu gia cng bng tay, dung phng php th cng. - C kh nng chu c cc yu t cng ngh nh: trng men, p sut, nhit , m, s n mn 4.7. Chc nng mi trng Bao b gm s khng phn hu c v khng c kh nng ti ch tuy nhin n khng gy c hi ti mi trng N c kh nng ti s dng rt cao v dng c trong thi gian rt di, ngoi ra nhng mnh v ca bao b gm s ta c th tn dng vo k cc nn sn,nh... 8. Chc nng vn ha Chc nng vn ho mang li cho sn phm thc phm c trng ring v to cho sn phm c kh nng thng tin v marketing c o. Thng tin trn nhn hng c trnh by bng ngn ng dn tc. Trn bao b c in nhng hnh nh biu tng ring ca tng doanh nghip, cng ty sn xut cng c th l nhng sn phm mang c trng ring cho tng vng, tng a phng, tng quc gia.24

Chng V : u im, nhc im v ng dng ca bao b gm s ca bao b gm s 6.1 u im ca bao b gm s +Nguyn liu ch to r ,d ch to + Chu lc tng i tt,chu nhit tt,kh nng n nh nhit cao,chu nhit cao... +To ra nhiu hnh dng phong ph v mang tnh truyn thng cao. + C kh nng chng n mn tt ,chng xuyn thm tt. +Khng gy nhim mi trng. 6.2. Nhc im ca bao b gm s + Gin ,d v khi chu lc tc dng ln ,khi lng bao b ln ,trong qu trnh ch bin c th b nhim kim loi nng.... + Kh ti ch , khng phn hu c. +Kh lm kn bao b hon ton. 6.3. ng dng ca bao b gm s - Trc khi k thut bao b pht trin gm c dng cha mi th t b tht, mui n ru - Cc thng nhn tng dng cc bnh gm cha ng nha thng, acid v cc loi cht lng cng nghip khc - Hnh thc p nhng d v, v khng kn nn ngy nay gm s thng dng cha cc sn phm thc phm mang tnh truyn thng, cc loi ru cao , du.. - Ngoi ra bao b gm s cn kt hp vi mt s loi bao b khc nh bao b nha, bao b polime - Mt s hnh nh v bao b gm s

Chng VI :Xu hng pht trin ca cng nghip bao bBao b c tnh ng v thng xuyn thay i, vt liu i hi phng php sn xut mi, v v vy cn c thit b mi. Chu k thay i s ngy cng nhanh. Cht lng bao b s ngy cng tt hn. Cc nh sn xut bao b lun cn nhc k lng quyt25

nh lm nh th no bao b l mt th thng nht vi sn phm bn trong v gp phn gia tng gi tr ca sn phm. Khng nhng th, bao b cn phi c tnh kinh t, ngha l vi mt lng vt liu ti thiu phi c s thnh phm ti a. Bao b phi va kht, qu trnh ng gi sn phm d dng t tn thi gian, gim thiu s mu in nhng t hiu qu trnh by... Tuy vy, tng lai cng nghip bao b s phi i u vi nhng thch thc ln v cng ngh, l khuynh hng bao b phi mng hn, nh hn, an ton hn cho mi trng, nng sut ng gi cao hn, in n p hn. Trong khi th nguyn vt liu phc v cho ngnh ny ngy cng khan him, yu cu ca khch hng i vi nh sn xut bao b ngy cng kht khe v thng xuyn i hi cao hn, ng thi s qun l ca chnh ph ngy cng nghim khc. Tt c cc doanh nghip bao b u t xu hng ct gim chi ph ln hng u. Ngy nay chng ta khng th mong i vic gi c hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca mnh nu nhng khng lin tc nng cao cht lng hiu qu trong sn xut v dch v, phi tm ra cc bin php phc v tt nht, mang li nhiu li ch nht cho khch hng. Xem bao b nh mt cng c tip th cng l mt xu hng quan trng m chng ta cn quan tm. Vic thay i thi quen tiu dng t mua hng t cc ca hiu nh n mua hng trong cc siu th cng nh hng nhiu n thit k bao b. Nh vy, hnh dng, v b ngoi ca bao b, thng hiu sn phm thc s ng vai tr quan trng trong quyt nh mua hng. Cc nh qun l thng hiu sn phm ngy cng nhn thc c tm quan trng ca nhn hiu mang tnh quc t v nhn hiu mang tnh quc gia. iu ny t ra yu cu cc doanh nghip sn xut bao b phi p dng cc tiu chun quc t trong sn xut v phn phi sn phm bao b. Cc khch hng do trng i vo cc nh sn xut s m rng bao b cung cp khng ch ti ch m cn trong khu vc v ton cu. Th trng m rng, phm vi m rng, sn phm a dng i hi kha nng phi hp nhp nhng linh hot th y yu t con ngi li cng tr nn quan trng v26

quyt nh. Mi quan h gia cc nh sn xut bao b, ngi s dng bao b v ngi tiu dng tr nn quan trng hn lc no ht. Cng ngh thay i, khoa hc pht trin l iu kin quan trng pht trin sn xut, tuy nhin i vi nn cng nghip bao b ca Vit Nam ch khi c s lin kt cht ch ca cc nh sn xut trong ngnh, c nh hng ng n ca cc nh qun l chin lc th mi c kh nng cnh tranh v ln mnh hn.

Chng VII :Tng ktTheo xu th pht trin ca x hi, bao b dn vt ln chc nng c truyn ca n l bao gi, tr thnh mt trong nhng yu t trng tm a sn phm thc phm ca nh sn xut ti gn ngi tiu dng hn. iu ny lm thc y cnh tranh, tng gi tr s dng ca sn phm. Vi nhng c tnh vt tri m bao b gm s mang li cc doanh nghip phn no khng nh thng hiu ca mnh ghp phn a cng nghip thc phm c nhng bc tin xa hn .Bn cnh nghnh thc phm tin tin v sc kho cng ng, v mt mi trng xanh cng chnh l mc tiu chng ta cn t ti. Chng ta nn quan tm nghin cu ci tin bao b ni chung v bao b gm s ni ring ngy cng tr nn thn thin vi mi trng hn.

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