LI CM N Trong thi gian thc tp 1 thng ti Trung tm tn s v tuyn in
khu vc VI, c s gip tn tnh ca ban Lnh o v cc chuyn vin Trung tm cng
vi s n lc ca bn thn, em hon thnh tt t thc tp tt nghip. Qua t thc tp
ny em c rt ra c nhiu kinh nghim thc t m khi ngi trn gh nh trng em
cha bit. Em xin gi li cm n su sc n ban Lnh o v cc chuyn vin ca
Trung tm tn s v tuyn in khu vc VI gip ti trong thi gian va qua. Do
thi gian thc tp c hn, nn trong qu trnh thc tp khng th trnh khi nhng
thiu st nht nh,em rt mong c s ng gp ca ban lnh o v cc chuyn vin ca
Trung tm tn s v tuyn in khu vc VI cng nh cc thy c gio v cc bn sinh
vin. Em xin chn thnh cm n!
Sinh vin Hong Vit Thin
3
CHNG 1. GII THIU V TRUNG TM TN S V TUYN IN KHU VC VI 1.1. Gii
thiu v Cc Tn s v tuyn in Vit Nam Cc Tn s v tuyn in Vit Nam c thnh
lp ngy 8 thng 6 nm 1993. Trc y thuc Tng cc Bu in Vit Nam, hin nay
thuc B Thng tin v Truyn thng. y l cc loi 1 do Th tng Chnh ph quy nh
chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc theo quyt nh s 88/2008/Q TTg,
ngy 4 thng 7 nm 2008. 1.1.1. V tr v chc nng Cc tn s v tuyn in l c
quan thuc B Thng tin v Truyn thng, c chc nng tham mu gip B trng B
Thng tin v Truyn thng qun l chuyn ngnh v tn s v tuyn in. Cc tn s v
tuyn in c t cch php nhn v c con du cng nh ti khon ring theo quy nh
ca Php lut. Tr s chnh ti ng ti H Ni. 1.1.2. Nhim v v quyn hn - Ch
tr xy dng cc vn bn quy phm php lut v tn s v tuyn in, qu o v tinh; -
Xy dng n quy hoch ph tn s v tuyn in quc gia v phn chia bng tn phc v
mc ch quc phng, an ninh; - Tham gia vo vic quy hoch bng tn, quy
hoch knh tn s v tuyn in, quy nh v iu kin phn b, n nh v s dng tn s v
tuyn in, bng tn s v tuyn in; - Tham gia vo vic xy dng v ban hnh cc
tiu chun v quy chun k thut v thit b v tuyn in, v pht x v tuyn in v
tng thch in t theo quy nh ca php lut. - Ch tr, phi hp vi c quan, n
v lin quan xy dng v ban hnh quy nh v iu kin k thut v khai thc cc
loi thit b v tuyn in c s4
dng c iu kin, quy nh v tn s v cng sut pht cho cc thit b v tuyn
in trc khi cho php sn xut hoc nhp khu s dng ti Vit Nam. - T chc thc
hin cc vn bn quy phm php lut v tn s v tuyn in, qu o v tinh; thng
tin tuyn truyn, ph bin, gio dc php lut v tn s v tuyn in; hng dn
nghip v cho cc S Thng tin v Truyn thng trong lnh vc qun l tn s,
thit b v tuyn; - Cp, gia hn, tm nh ch, thu hi v qun l cc loi giy
php tn s v tuyn in v s dng qu o v tinh theo quy nh ca php lut. - Hp
tc quc t v k thut, nghip v tn s v tuyn, thc hin ng k tn s v tuyn in
v qu o v tinh vi Lin minh Vin thng quc t (ITU); t chc phi hp tn s v
tuyn in v qu o v tinh vi cc nc, vng lnh th, t chc quc t; khiu ni v
gii quyt khiu ni can nhiu tn s v tuyn in ca Vit Nam vi cc nc, vng
lnh th, t chc quc t; tham gia cc chng trnh kim sot tn s v tuyn in
quc t. - Kim sot vic pht sng v tuyn in ca cc i pht trong nc, cc i
nc ngoi pht sng n Vit; - Kim tra thit b v tuyn; x l nhiu v tuyn in;
kim tra v xc nhn tng thch in t cho cc thit b bc x v tuyn in; -
Thanh tra, kim tra vic thc hin cc quy nh ca php lut v tn s v tuyn
in v qu o v tinh; gii quyt khiu ni, t co v x l cc hnh vi vi phm hnh
chnh trong lnh vc tn s v tuyn in, qu o v tinh theo quy nh ca php
lut. - L c quan thng trc ca y ban Tn s v tuyn in; - Thu, qun l v s
dng ph, l ph v tn s v tuyn; - Thc hin c ch ti chnh nh n v s nghip t
m bo chi ph hot ng, c tnh n cc yu t v u t, chi thng xuyn, lao ng,
tin lng; - T chc v qun l vic cung cp cc dch v cng chuyn ngnh qun l
tn s v tuyn in, qu o v tinh theo quy nh ca php lut;5
- Qun l v t chc, cn b, cng chc, vin chc v ti sn ca Cc theo quy
nh ca php lut; - Thc hin cc nhim v, quyn hn khc do B trng B Thng
tin v Truyn thng giao v theo quy nh ca php lut. 1.1.3. C cu t chc
ca Cc Tn s v tuyn in
Cc tn s v tuyn in hin nay c 18 phng ban v cc trung tm: - Phng
Chnh sch v Quy hoch tn s: Chuyn nghin cu cc chnh sch v quy hoch tn
s v tuyn in. - Phng n nh v Cp php tn s: - n nh v cp giy php cc loi
v tn s v tuyn in.6
- Phng Hp tc v Phi hp tn s quc t: C chc nng chnh l hp tc v i
ngoi. - Phng Kim sot tn s: C chc nng tham mu, theo di tnh hnh v ban
hnh v cc nghip v v tn s v tuyn in. - Thanh tra: Thanh tra theo di
nh k, t xut nhng t chc, c nhn c du hiu vi phm lut tn s. - Phng K
hoch v u t: Lp k hoach u t cho cc tn s v trang thit b. - Phng Ti
chnh K ton: Thu chi cc khon ti chnh. - Phng t chc cn b: T chc thc
hin quy hoch cn b v qun l cn b - Vn phng. - Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in
khu vc I. Tr s chnh ti H Ni. - Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc II.
Tr s chnh ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh. - Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc
III. Tr s chnh ti Nng. - Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc IV. Tr s
chnh ti Cn Th. - Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc V. Tr s chnh ti Hi
Phng. - Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc VI. Tr s chnh ti Vinh. -
Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc VII. Tr s chnh ti Nha Trang. - Trung
tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc VIII. Tr s chnh ti Ph Th. - Trung tm K
thut: Trin khai cc vn k thut, hng dn s dng thit b.7
1.2. Gii thiu v Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc VI Trung tm tn s
v tuyn in khu vc VI c thnh lp vo ngy 30/5/1995 v chnh thc i vo hot
ng vo cui thng 12/1996. Trung tm tn s v tuyn in khu vc VI c quy nh
chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc theo quyt nh s 1530/Q BTTT
ngy 14/10/2008 ca B Thng tin v truyn thng. 1.2.1. V tr v chc nng
Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc VI l n v thuc Cc Tn s v tuyn in thc
hin chc nng gip Cc trng thc thi nhim v qun l nh nc chuyn ngnh v tn
s v tuyn in trn a bn 4 tnh: H Tnh, Ngh An, Qung Bnh v Thanh Ho.
Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc VI c t cch php nhn, c con du v ti
khon ring giao dch theo quy nh ca php lut, tr s t ti thnh ph Vinh,
tnh Ngh An. 1.2.2. Nhim v v quyn hn Trung tm Tn s v tuyn in khu vc
VI thc hin nhng nhim v, quyn hn sau: - Hng dn nghip v v phi hp vi
cc S Thng tin v Truyn thng v cc c quan qun l nh nc c lin quan trn a
bn qun l ca Trung tm thc hin cng tc qun l tn s v tuyn in; - Kim
tra, hng dn cc t chc, c nhn s dng tn s v thit b pht sng v tuyn in
trn a bn qun l ca Trung tm v vic chp hnh php lut, quy nh qun l tn s
ca Nh nc; - Tip nhn, hng dn hon thin th tc, h s xin cp giy php tn s
v tuyn in, thc hin mt s nhim v v n nh tn s v cp giy php theo phn
cng, phn cp ca Cc Tn s v tuyn in; - Kim sot trn a bn qun l ca Trung
tm vic pht sng v tuyn in ca cc i pht trong nc, cc i nc ngoi pht sng
n Vit Nam8
thuc cc nghip v thng tin v tuyn in theo quy nh ca php lut Vit
Nam v iu c quc t m Vit Nam l thnh vin; - o cc thng s k thut ca cc i
pht sng thuc cc nghip v v tuyn in v cc ngun pht sng v tuyn in khc.
Tng hp s liu kim sot v s liu o c phc v cho cng tc qun l tn s; - Kim
tra hot ng v cc loi giy php, chng ch c lin quan i vi cc thit b pht
sng v tuyn in t trn tu bay, tu bin v cc phng tin giao thng khc ca
nc ngoi vo, tr u ti cc cng hng khng, cng bin, bn bi trn a bn qun l
ca Trung tm; - Tham gia cc chng trnh kim sot pht sng v tuyn in quc
t v cc hot ng v k thut nghip v ca Lin minh Vin thng quc t (ITU) v
cc t chc quc t lin quan khc theo quy nh ca Cc Tn s v tuyn in; - Pht
hin cc hnh vi vi phm php lut v tn s v tuyn in v x l theo quy nh ca
php lut trn a bn qun l ca Trung tm; - iu tra, xc nh cc ngun nhiu v
x l can nhiu v tuyn in c hi theo quy nh ca php lut; tm thi nh ch
hot ng ca my pht v tuyn in ca cc t chc, c nhn vi phm quy nh s dng
tn s v tuyn in, gy can nhiu c hi; lp h s khiu ni cc can nhiu do nc
ngoi gy ra cho cc nghip v v tuyn in ca Vit Nam hot ng trn a bn qun
l ca Trung tm theo quy nh quc t; - Tham gia nghin cu xy dng, sa i,
b sung cc vn bn quy nh v qun l tn s v tuyn in; - Thc hin thu cc
khon ph, l ph tn s v tuyn in v cc khon thu khc theo phn cng ca Cc
Tn s v tuyn in; - Qun l v t chc, cn b, cng chc, vin chc, ti sn, h
s, ti liu ca Trung tm theo quy nh ca php lut, ca B Thng tin v Truyn
thng v phn cp ca Cc Tn s v tuyn in;
9
- Thc hin cc nhim v v quyn hn khc do Cc trng Cc Tn s v tuyn in
giao. 1.2.3. C cu t chc Trung tm tn s v tuyn in khu vc VI c t chc
thnh bn phng ban sau:
10
CHNG 2. QU TRNH THC TP TI TRUNG TM TN S KHU VC VI 2.1. Ti phng
Kim tra X l 2.1.1. Tm hiu chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca
phng Kim tra X l a) V tr v chc nng Phng kim tra x l l n v thuc
Trung tm Tn s v truyn in khu vc VI c chc nng gip Gim c thc hin chc
nng kim tra, x l vi phm v x dng tn s v tuyn in, x l can nhiu v tuyn
in. b) Nhim v v quyn hn - Xy dng k hoch v thc hin kim tra nh k, t
xut, hng dn cc t chc, c nhn s dng tn s v thit b pht sng v tuyn in
theo ng quy nh ca php lut. - Kim tra hot ng v cc loi giy php, chng
ch c lin quan i vi thit b pht sng v tuyn in t trn tu bay, tu bin,
cc phng tin giao thng khc. - Pht hin cc hnh vi vi phm php lut v tn
s v tuyn in v x l theo quy nh. - iu tra, xc nh cc ngun nhiu v x l
can nhiu v tuyn in c hi theo quy nh ca php lut. - o cc thng s k
thut ca cc i pht sng thuc cc i pht sng thuc cc nghip v v tuyn in v
cc ngun pht sng v tuyn in khc. - Thanh tra, kim tra tn s v thit b
pht sng v tuyn in trn a bn bn tnh Thanh Ha, Ngh An, H Tnh v Qung
Bnh. - Qun l ti sn, cc thit b chuyn dng, h s, ti liu ca phng kim
tra x l.
11
- Thc hin cc nhim v khc theo s phn cng ca gim c trung tm Tn s v
tuyn in khu vc VI. c) C cu t chc Phng Kim tra X l hin nay c Trng
phng, 1 ph phng v 2 chuyn vin. 2.1.2. Tm hiu cc quy nh cng tc kim
sot, kim tra v gii quyt can nhiu tn s v tuyn in Trong thi gian thc
tp ti phng Kim tra X l, ti c tm hiu Quyt nh s 187/Q CTSVT ngy
22/04/2009, ban hnh quy nh cng tc kim sot, kim tra v gii quyt can
nhiu tn s v tuyn in. Sau y l mt s yu cu chnh trong cng tc kim sot v
kim tra tn s: - Ti a khng qu 7 ngy k t ngy kim sot cui cng trung tm
phi lp bo co pht hin vi phm. - Bo co pht hin vi phm c lp theo mu s
3 km theo quy nh ny. - Lp bo co pht hin vi phm i vi cc hnh vi: + Vi
phm cc qui nh trong giy php c Cc cp. + Vi phm cc qui nh v qun l, s
dng tn s v thit b pht sng VT, tng thch in t trng theo Ngh nh
142/2004/N CP ngy 08/07/2004 ca Chnh ph quy nh x pht vi phm hnh
chnh v Bu chnh, Vin thng v Tn s VT. - Quyt nh kim tra phi thng bo
cho i tng c kim tra t nht l 3 ngy trc khi tin hnh kim tra, tr trng
hp kim tra bt thng khi c vi phm php lut xy ra. - Sau 30 ngy lp bo
co vi phm, phi n c thc hin ng quy nh ca php lut. - i vi can nhiu v
vin thng cng cng, an ninh, qun i, bay:
12
+ Trng hp khng phi phi hp gii quyt can nhiu th phi gii quyt can
nhiu ti a l 20 ngy k t ngy nhn c bo co. + Trng hp phi hp gii quyt
can nhiu th phi xc nh nguyn nhn can nhiu ti a l 10 ngy. V x l xong
trong 10 ngy sau khi nhn yu cu. - i vi cc cc can nhiu khc: + Khng
phi hp th gii quyt trong thi gian ti a l 30 ngy k t ngy nhn bo co
can nhiu. + Trng hp phi hp gii quyt can nhiu th phi xc dnh nguyn
nhn l 15 ngy v x l xong sau 15 ngy sau khi nhn c yu cu. 2.1.3. Tm
hiu cc thit b s dng trong cng tc Kim tra X l 1. My phn tch ph
HP8563E a. Chc nng ca my phn tch ph
- C di tn t 9KHz n 26,5 GHz - o tn s - o ph tn - o bng thng - o
cng sut knh - o cng sut knh ln cn - Gii iu ch AM, FM (nghe r c ting
ni).13
- C th lu li c kt qu o b. Catalog my phn tch ph(Aligent
technologies)> MN HNH MU TFT, LCD, 6.4 INCH- Ch th s trn mn hnh
mu TFT, LCD
- Mn hnh ln: 6.4 inch, mu - DI tn: 9KHz ~ 26.5.0Ghz - Phn di tn
s Min: 1Hz - Phn di bng thng: 10Hz (Options - Di ng: +30dBm ~
-110dBm - Hin th nn nhiu: -115dBm (Pre-amp on -130dBm) - Mo hi:
=100ms - im qut: 501 im Trigger - Di qut>=10Hz: Ngun, Free run,
Video, Line, External Tinh khit ph - Offset 10Khz: -90dBc + 20LogN
(dB c/Hz) D FM -D:
