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Vocabulary Skills for IELP Tutors. Barbara A. Pijan = Dec-2011. IELP Vocabulary. Key to Success for University Reading. IELP Vocabulary. Why? Which words? What tools? How can Tutors help ?. 1. Why?. Reading = the key to university success. vocabulary = the key to reading. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Barbara A. Pijan = Dec-2011
1Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011
Vocabulary Skills for IELP Tutors
IELP Vocabulary
Dec-2011 Vocabulary for IELP Tutors 2
Key to Successfor University Reading
IELP Vocabulary
Dec-2011 Vocabulary for IELP Tutors
1. Why?
2. Which words?
3. What tools?
4. How can Tutors help?
3
1. Why?
READING = the key to university success.
VOCABULARY = the key to reading.
4Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011
1. Why?
To understand a Reading Passage:
Comprehension = Minimum
90-95% KNOWN words
Vocabulary for IELP Tutors
90-
95%
Dec-2011 5
1. Why?
Target Comprehension =
• 95% of the running words in an average text
Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 6
2. What Words?
The Lexicon
Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 7
2. What Words?
• Webster’s 3rd Intl – 114,000 word families
• Printed school English
– 88,000 word families
• To read without interruption from unknown vocabulary – 17-20,000 word families
= ** college fluency **
Vocabulary for IELP Tutors
Receptive Vocab
Dec-2011 8
2. What Words?
Native Speaker youth
add +/- 1,000 new word families each year
(until they leave school)
Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 9
• The average US kindergartener knows:
6000 word families
• Educated NS know:
20,000 word families
Chinese Vocabulary
For comparison:• Basic vocab 520 characters
[Chinese 101-103]
• Written proficiency begins 1500 characters [Chinese 301-303]
• Full literacy = 3500+ char• Masters degree = 7000 char• Total characters = 11,000• Total words = approx 84,000
10
Data from www.pdx.edu/wll/courses-chinese + en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language
2. What Words?
Academic Word List • 570 “university”
headwords
General Service List • 2248 most common
“normal” wordsVocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 11
2. What Words?If Ss learn 2000 GSL only • then 1 of 5 words
will be unknownIf Ss add 570 AWL• then approx 1 of
10 words will be unknown
Vocabulary for IELP Tutors
+ AWL+ GSL
90+% text = known
Dec-2011 12
2. What Words?Text type and text coverage
from : Learning Vocabulary in Another Language, p. 17
LISTS CONVERSATION
FICTION NEWSPAPER ACADEMIC TEXT
1st 1000 GSL 84.3% 82.3% 75.6% 73.5%
2nd 1000 GSL 6.0% 5.1% 4.7% 4.6%
AWL 1.9% 1.7% 3.9% 8.5%
Other (technical) 7.8% 10.9% 15.7% 13.3%
Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 13
2. What Words?
AWL sublist Coverage of the Academic Corpus (%)Pages per repetition in the Academic
Corpus
1 (60 families) 3.6% Once every 4 pages
2 (60 families) 1.8% Once every 8 pages
3 (60 families) 1.2% 12
4 (60 families) 0.9% 15
5 (60 families) 0.8% 19
6 (60 families) 0.6% 24
7 (60 families) 0.5% 30
8 (60 families) 0.3% 49
9 (60 families) 0.2% 67
10 (30 families) 0.1% 82
Vocabulary for IELP Tutors
Ave. 400 words per page
http://www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/resources/academicwordlist/thesublists.aspx
Dec-2011 14
3. Which tools?
Tools and Skills:• Translating• Dictionaries• Encounters!• Word-lists• Graded readers• Constant Testing
IELP Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 15
Paul Nation
3. Which tools?
• Collocations• Corpus-based Dictionaries• Frequency• Register
Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 16
Student’s word knowledge:
4. Tutor Help?
17Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011
• List-study = OK • Tutor’s talk = role-
modelingBut…• Context-guessing =
doesn’t work!
4. Tutor’s Help?
Context Guess ?• No, not unless 95% = known!
Study List ? • Yes = by collocation• Yes = by morphology (AWL)• No = by semantic group
Casual talking ? • No, must Read for University Register
Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 18
Which methods work?
4. Tutor’s Help?
Students should use:– Study Lists + frequent Quiz– Margin notes– Translations – Multiple Encounters– Learner Dictionaries– Internet self-study
19Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011
4. Tutor’s Help?
• Dictionary Skills– ESSENTIAL– in Constant Use while the
2000 + 570 are being learned
• Collocations– Learner Dictionaries required– Need Frequency rank
20Dec-2011 Vocabulary for IELP Tutors
IELP Proficiency Test?
Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 21
Word List IELP Proposed Academic Vocabulary Proficiency Exit - Tests
GSL 0001-1000 Exit test = level-I?
GSL 1001-2284 Comprehensive test 0001-2284 = exit level-2?
AWL Sub-lists 1-3 Exit test = level-3?
AWL Sub-lists 4-6 Exit test = Academic Track L-4?
AWL Sub-lists 7-8 Exit test = Academic Track L-5?
AWL Sub-lists 9-10 Exit test = Graduate Track L-6? (most likely, Sublists 9-10 will remain as a self-study directive)
ReferencesBauman, J. (1995). General service list.
http://jbauman.com/aboutgsl.html
Coxhead, A. (2000). A new academic word list. TESOL Quarterly, 34, 213-238.
Folse, K. (2004). Vocabulary myths: applying second language research to classroom teaching. Univ. of Michigan Press.
Nation, I.S.P. (2001). Learning vocabulary in another language. Cambridge Univ. Press.
Nation, I.S.P. [consultant] (2010). Real reading. Longman Publishers.
Zimmerman, C. (2008). Word knowledge: a vocabulary teachers handbook. Oxford Univ. Press.
Vocabulary for IELP TutorsDec-2011 22
Barbara Anne Pijan