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Basic Bits of Neuronal Grammar
Friedemann Pulvermüller
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit Cambridge
Activity states:
• Ignition -- full activation, momentary
• Reverberation -- continuous enhanced activity following ignition
• Priming -- “parasitic” activity caused by strongly connected sets
• Rest -- inactivity
Activity states:
• Darker colours denote reduced activity states
The network:
The represented elements: WORDS
SEQUENCE FEATURES
The representing elements:WORD WEBS
The representing elements:WORD WEBS
SEQUENCE DETECTORS (SDs)
I
3 word inputcongruent with thenetwork structure
The sentence“Betty get up”
will appear in the inputand will not be accepted
by the network
Time step / Input / Process
0 -- All webs at rest
1 Betty Ignition of word web
2 -- Priming of SD
3 -- Priming of SD
4 -- Priming of word web
5 gets Primed ignition ofword web
6 -- Priming of SDsBackward ignition
7 -- Priming of SDsBackward ignition
8 -- Priming of word webBackward ignition
9 -- --
10 up Ignition of word web
11 -- Backward ignition
12 -- Backward ignition
13 -- Backward ignition
14 -- Backward ignition
15 -- Backward ignition
16 -- Backward ignition
17 -- Backward ignition
18 -- Deactivation
At time step 17, the 3 criteria for string acceptance were met:
• All activated word webs were visible (i.e., reverberated at the highest reverberation level).
• All activate word webs were satisfied (i.e., their set of sequence detectors reverberated at a high level).
• All active sets were synchronized (I.e., participated in a continuous wave of ignitions).
II
3 word inputincongruent with the
network structure
The sentence“Up get Betty”
will appear in the inputand will not be accepted
by the network
Time step / Input / Process
0 -- All webs at rest
1 up Ignition of word web
2 -- --
3 -- --
4 get Unprimed ignition I^of word web
5 -- Priming of SDThreshold regulation
6 -- Priming of SD
7 -- Priming of SD
8 Betty Unprimed ignition I^of word web
9 -- Priming of SDThreshold regulation
10 -- Priming of SD
11 -- Priming of SD
At time step 10, the 3 criteria for string acceptance were not met:
• Only 1 word web was visible (the 2 others were at lower activity levels, R2 and R3; cf. darker colours).
• No one of the 3 word webs was satisfied (SDs did not reverberate).
• No final synchronization process.
III
3 word input partly incongruent with the
network structure
The sentence“Up Betty get”
will appear in the inputand will not be accepted
by the network
Time step / Input / Process
0 -- All webs at rest
1 up Ignition of word web
2 -- --
3 -- --
4 Betty Unprimed ignition I^of word web
5 -- Priming of SDThreshold regulation
6 Betty Priming of SD
7 -- Priming of word web
8 get Primed ignition ofword web
9 -- Priming of SDBackward ignition
10 -- Priming of SDBackward ignition
11 -- Backward ignition
12 -- --
At time step 12, not all of the 3 string acceptance criteria were met:
• 2 out of the 3 activated word webs were visible (i.e., reverberated at the highest reverberation level).
• Only 1 out of 3 word webs were satisfied (i.e., their set of sequence detectors reverberated at a high level).
• Only 2 out of the 3 word webs were synchronized (I.e., participated in a continuous wave of ignitions).