Basic Egypt.docx

8/14/2019 Basic Egypt.docx

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more warlike people. Content to raid and pil

small settlements and occasionally the Egypt

Two Kingdoms: Upper Nile and Lower Nile:

cities are right on the border

Very different cultures very different gods

As Egypt grows many gods combine, change

disappear


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Chief god eventually Amen-Ra)

Know

Anubis = god of the after life, priests took on

of Anubis when preparing mummies

Isis= queen of the gods, Osiris loving wife

Osiris = god of after life and of rebirth sprin


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Horus = son of Osiris and Isis, protector of th

world of the living, Pharaohs role on earth

Ra = brother to Osiris, ruler of the sun and lif

Amun = king of the gods, relationship seems

separate to others, later combines with Ra

Set = brother of Osiris, god of chaos and cha

not necessarily bad)

King Menes unites Upper and Lower Egypt


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Works to create unified society about 3100

Create the concept of Dynasty monarchy famil

inherits right to rule)

Built a new Capital city Memphis today is Cairo

Within 400 years the concept of Pharaoh is in

place though not the name)

This first period is called the Old Kingdom 2

2200 BC


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Pharaohs of the Old Kingdom rule as gods

powerful rulers in all of Egyptian history

Because of their power the people WANT to

things to honor and please their god

Horus/Osiris)


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Begin to build elaborate tombs eventually

to become pyramids all large pyramids come fr

the Old Kingdom

Great Pyramid built forKing Khufu 2600 BC

Took 20 years to build all volunteer labor

No hieroglyphs in the Pyramids some on th

tombs


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Civil war for 200 years lifeis horrible for the

common people

Enter the Middle Kingdon

City of Thebes comes into power City of AmThebes is in the middle of the NileLasts from 2000-1800 BC Called the MiddleKingdom

Temples grow religion develops to what wof today

Society becomes homogenous


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Egyptian people act, dress, and live relativelysimilar lives

Begin to interact with other culturesStill do not have a concept of trade No Egyptian would give up something Egyptfor something foreign

HyksosPrinces from other lands fromsomewhere in Asian regions Middle East todbut not from Mesopotamia

Invade Egypt and eventually rule it causincollapse of the Middle Kingdom

No evidence of their homeland yet somehochariots, war horses, bronze swords, advancebows, and superior military training


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About half of Egyptian cities are ruled by noof Egypt, the other by the Hyksos who slow

gain power over 100 years

Egyptians use and learn the Hyksos weaponsoverthrow their rule

And then kill every Hyksos

The Egyptians go back and erase everythingHyksos from all records

The Hyksos have given the Egyptians a milit

Old Kingdom 2700-2200 BC1st Intermediate PeriodFarmers Suffer

Middle Kingdom 2000-1800 BCHyksos Invade


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2nd Intermediate Period

New Kingdom 1600-1100 BC

Pharaohs power greatly decreased still callgod but most people just see him as holy

However with new military might Pharaohsomething theyve never done before conq

Regions that they conquer = regions that theytraded with know of)

Push their borders right up against Mesopota

Hittites other great military power Egypt gwarVery bloody, very close, fairly long wars


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RamsesII who fights for 20 years straight,decides to marry a Hittite Princess creating

peace a prosperity

Builds many temples huge statues but duse volunteer labor: slave labor conqueredpeople in the Empire among them the Israeli

Laterrulers of the Egyptian are weak some crazy Why? Maybe because of incest

For next 1000 years the Nile region stays undEgyptian power, but foreign rulers occasionatake control

Egyptian innovations:IrrigationAstronomy used in pyramid buildings


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Cash economySails

HieroglyphsPapyrus dont have clay tablets first peohave paperArchitecture

MedicineMummification preservation of bodies

timeSaved all organs for burial except brain Believed heart was the thinking center of

MakeupMen and women eyeliner, blush, pluck

facial hairBase coat of set color

Documents

Basic Egypt.docx