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Fishing― Operational & Safety Tips Schlumberger Wireline Basic Fishing Advisory Brochure
Wireline Fishing Safety Placard
At the Shop:
1. Review
logging program, the toolstrings to be run, and the order of logging descents.
2. Model logging tensions w
ith ToolPlanner softw
are and Stickance m
odel, calculate and select preferred w
eakpoint and estimate m
aximum
safe pulls.3. O
btain drillpipe parameters - top and bottom
connections, inner diameter, crossovers, or subs (pum
p-in, circulating, TIW
-valves).4. O
btain Wellbore inform
ation - hole size, casing sizes, direction, deviation, and expected conditions (fluid type, last circulation)5. P
lan for auxiliary equipment such as cable, w
eakpoint, stand-offs, bowsprings, tool turners, as w
ell as rig-up equipm
ent according to expected tensions, expected wellbore conditions, and rig capabilities.
6. Ensure proper operation, accuracy, and calibration of tension devices, tension panel, m
easuring wheels,
and related equipment.
7. Inspect Fishing Kits for necessary parts, proper drillpipe connections, full functionality, load-tests,
certifications, and documentation.
8. Identify and/or review fishing resources – Fishing R
eference Page w
ith Best P
ractices/Lessons Learned, Fishing M
anuals, Equipm
ent Guidelines, and Fishing S
tandards and Guidelines.
9. Review
fishing experience, training, and/or proficiency of crew.
Arrival at the W
ellsite:10. Inspect the site and the rig to determ
ine hazardous areas, equipment arrival and condition, fishing kit,
and basic rig-up needs.11. R
eview possible fishing needs for this w
ellsite such as cranes, hoists, top-drive, and drillpipe parameters.
10. Meet w
ith client to review logging program
, well/rig inform
ation (pipe connections?), general safety precautions, and inform
them of fishing equipm
ent at site or readily available. 11. P
erform basic job safety analysis / H
azard Analysis &
Risk C
ontrol (HA
RC
) and conduct safety meeting.
12. Consider the placem
ent and quantity of centralizers, flex joints, swivel adapter heads, hole finders,
stand-offs, etc., taking into account hole conditions and the characteristics of the tool string. D
O N
OT place stand-offs too high on the toolstring.
Allow
enough room to engage the tool w
ith a fishing overshot.13. M
easure and record exact dimensions of the toolstring, bridle, torpedo, and head. The nature of the tool
must be specified so that proper precautions w
ill be exercised to recover the tool without dam
age.14. O
btain or confirm inform
ation on the well environm
ent – well sketch w
ith depths, deviations and doglegs; perm
eable, lost-circulation, unconsolidated, or gassy formations; m
ud or drillpipe problems.
Running in the H
ole:15. O
bserve and record tension readings for tool weights in air, in fluid near surface, and periodically w
hile going in the hole. 16. Follow
Safe W
inch Operations guidelines.
17. Run In H
ole with proper tension on cable and stop periodically to determ
ine “static” tension.18. A
pproach casing shoes, tight spots, changes in direction or deviations with caution.
DO
NO
T stop moving in open hole.
DO
NO
T spud with the tool.
DO
NO
T put too much slack or sit on bottom
.
First Indications of Sticking:19. A
s tension builds up, indicating keyseating or the tool is sticking, but not stuck, keep moving up w
ithin safe cable tension lim
its.20. C
lose any calipers and determine type of sticking (keyseat, tool stuck, bridging)
a. If tool is stuck – apply maxim
um safe tension prom
ptly and hold constant.
i. DO
NO
T EXCEED
THE SA
FE WO
RK
ING
LOA
D O
F THE W
IRELIN
E CA
BLE O
R 75%
OF TH
E LOW
ER W
EAK
POIN
T RA
TING
.
ii. Inform client and location m
anager. b. If keyseated or bridging – stop the w
inch and attempt to low
er the tool.
i. Check tension device reading for “norm
al” free tool cable tension (cable w
t. + tool wt. In m
ud + friction of cable and tool)
ii. DO
NO
T EXCEED
THE SA
FE WO
RK
ING
LOA
D O
F THE W
IRELIN
E CA
BLE O
R
75% O
F THE LO
WER
WEA
KPO
INT R
ATIN
G.
iii. Inform
client and location manager.
DO
NO
T pull free from the tool.
DO
NO
T cycle cable.D
O N
OT exceed 50%
of the new cable rating.
DO
NO
T break the cable.
Fishing Operations w
hen Stuck:21. P
rovide the client with com
plete information, experience, and risks of each fishing m
ethod and determine
the Clients choice of m
ethod for fishing: a. C
ut & Thread – preferred m
ethod for deep open hole (>3000 ft) or shallow open hole w
ith poor hole conditions. b. R
everse Cut &
Thread – use when w
eakpoint cannot safely be broken, positive engagement
cannot be confirmed, the grapple is clogged or blocked, or cable m
ust remain attached until
reaching casing or surface. c. S
ide-Door O
vershot – shallow open hole (<3000 ft) w
ith good hole conditions. d. Freeing at the W
eakpoint – cased hole; except for deep holes where cable m
ay break before w
eakpoint. 22. P
erform a H
AR
C for specific fishing operations and take necessary safety precautions.
a. No substandard link in the upper sheave support, the tension device, the sheaves, or the low
er sheave tie-dow
n. b. The upper sheave m
ust be installed by the rig crew by properly attaching to the w
ater table beams.
c. Securely anchor truck or unit, if not already done.
d. Keep the rotary table covered w
henever possible.
DO
NO
T allow non-essential personnel on rig floor or near cable w
hile tension is above normal.
DO
NO
T use a sling without proper certifications and inspection.
23. Conduct a pre-job safety and operational m
eeting to review dangers, fishing procedures, duration of
repetitive, mundane operations, and the need to be constantly alert.
24. Refer to appropriate m
aterials and manuals for full fishing docum
entation, operational procedures and risks.25. W
hen fishing for stuck tools with R
adioactive Sources: a. The C
lient and Schlum
berger should make reasonable efforts to recover the sealed source.
b. The Client and S
chlumberger should take precautions to avoid rupturing or dam
aging the source. c. S
chlumberger w
ill consult with The C
lient regarding the fishing operation, but the Client retains
full responsibility for the fishing operation. d. The R
adiation Safety section in the safety chapter of the W
RM
contains instructions for the procedure w
hen the stuck tool includes a radioactive source. e. A
dditional material is available in the R
adioactive Sources and C
ontrols manual.
f. It is vital that all Schlum
berger personnel are familiar w
ith existing radiation hazards and recom
mended procedures.
g. Report im
mediately to M
anagement, InTouch and if applicable, your G
eoMarket H
otline if the follow
ing occurs: i. The C
lient initiates a fishing procedure that is contrary to Schlum
berger’s advice for protecting the source. ii. A fishing operation has broken the logging tool string. iii. The source capsule is in danger of being dam
aged by the use of drilling, milling, or w
ashover equipm
ent for retrieval or by rotating the drillpipe.
iv. The source is not recovered on the first fishing attempt.
v. A
bandonment of the source seem
s likely.
vi. Mud returns show
an increase in radioactivity.
1. The field engineer or specialist m
ust monitor m
ud returns at all times just
prior to engaging the fish and during critical parts of the fishing procedure.
2. If m
ud returns show an increase in radioactivity, a ruptured source m
ay be
indicated. The follow
ing procedures are required:
a. Stop the m
ud flow and continue to m
onitor radiation levels in the mud pit.
b. D
emand that fishing operations be halted im
mediately.
c. A
dvise client that the rig should be shut down and prepared for possible
evacuation.
d. Survey the area around the w
ellhead, etc. to determine extent of contam
ination.
e. Survey all personnel in area for possible exposures.
26. During R
etrieval of Toolstring with R
adioactive Sources the field engineer or specialist must alw
ays be concerned w
ith minim
izing the radiation exposure to all parties. From the tim
e a retrieved source is brought to the surface until it is returned to its shield, personnel exposure m
ust be controlled.
Follow safe practices outlined in the R
adiation Safety section of the WR
M
and the Radioactive Sources and C
ontrols manual.
Yes Yes
Cable Stuck Tool Stuck
No
Con
tinue
Logg
ing
If free
No
No
Close caliper, slack to Tn - 500 lbsand monitor HTEN to see if tool is
moving down; free?
Yes
Move down at least 1% of depth and pull back to Tn +1000 lbs
Is the tool free?
No
Yes
If free
Do not pull off toolscontaining RA sources
PULL MAX
Build Rope Sockets andInstall LWF Adapters
Client to decide on fishingmethod (Cut and Thread,
pull out of WP, LWF)
Cut and Thread if in open hole and/or radioactive sources involved
LWF or FISHING JOB
Convert to LWF
Con
tinue
Log
ging
-
MAX SAFE PULL
Pull maximum safe pull and HOLDActivate wireline jars if available;
Pull maximum safe pull and HOLD
Inform client and SLB management Prepare crew for fishing job
Determine whether cable or tool stuck(Monitor HTEN)
Determine whether cable or tool stuck(Monitor HTEN)
Close caliper, slack to Tn - 500 lbsand monitor HTEN to confirm
tool is free/moving down.
Pull up to Tn+2000 lbs. Determine cable stuck point using the stretch
method; Depth=Stretch/(coeff * 2000).
DO NOT exceed the Max Safe Pull.
Close caliper. Slack cable slowlyback to Tn + 1000 lbs. Open/close
caliper - confirm tool is free.
Potential Accidents or Hazards Attempting to use slick-line or free-point “bicycle wheels” on the top drive.
Cable slipping through T-bar.
Objects falling from derrick during upper sheave installation.
Swivel or spearheads break at surface; danger to surrounding personnel.
Overshot slipping through air hoist line; falling on or pinning personnel.
Pulling fishing assembly into the upper sheave.
Working beneath overshot/pipe assembly when removing T-bar.
Spearhead/spearhead overshot unthreading and coming apart. Spearhead overshot falls past the spearhead, landing on the feet of personnel on the drill floor.Spearhead overshot pins a hand or fingers between it and the spearhead.
Wireline or weight assembly catches on top drive, breaking cable or swivel.
High tension on cable.
Moving sheave wheels.
Pinch points while stabbing spearhead overshot.
Getting hit by moving drill pipe.
Wireline getting cut with rotating drill pipe while making up joint.
Broken weakpoint assembly going through the upper sheave.
Exposure to radiation or explosives when rigging down tools.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Tighten bolts 80 to 85 ft-lbsin the following sequence.
Both distances should be equalwhen tightening bolts.
Logging cable
At the first indication of sticking, the Engineer must immediately put into action the plan to get free. This plan should already have been formulated from the essential information determined prior to descent. By using the available resources and by following the flowchart below, the decision tree on what actions to take will be greatly simplified.
Ensure a reduction in the weakpoint rating due to downhole temperature is made. It should be deratedby approximately 4% per 100 degF, above 75 degF (extracted from Heads MM, InTouch #3012542).
200 degF5.4%
300 degF9.5%
400 degF13.7%
500 degF16.4%
600 degF20.4%
Temperature Reduction
Cable type: _________________ Breaking strength: _________________ 50% of cable breaking strength: _________________75% of LWPR (Lower Weak Point Rating): _________________ Wtm (Tool Weight in Mud): _________________ Tn (Normal Tension Prior to Being Stuck): _________________ HTEN (Head tension Prior to Being Stuck): _________________ MAXIMUM SAFE PULL = 75% LWPR + Tn - Wtm: _________________
DO NOT EXCEED 50% OF THE CABLE BREAKING STRENGTH
ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
Tips for Safe Job Procedures
Mark cable.Test T-bar for cable slip (Fig A).Minimize personnel on rig floor. Routinely tighten and inspect connections.Keep hands and feet clear of pipe(Fig B).Proceed cautiously near Top Drive.Do not pull wire rope sinker bar assembly into sheave (Fig C).Stay clear of lower sheave wheel.Properly position self and others.Use “No-Go” hardware .Stay clear of wireline with tension.Ensure clear communications.Ensure visibility and line of sight.
Additional Information available @ Fishing Reference Page (InTouch 3876112)
AVOID THIS SITUATION !!!
AVOID THIS SITUATION !!!
Flexible wire ropesinker bar assemblygoing over the sheave.
Fig C
WL Fishing Manual (4172213)7DH022/Feb07
Refer to WL-QHSE S09 (InTouch 4138014)
100403913 Rev AA Feb 2007
Markat top
Mark atbottom
Fig A Fig B
Wat
ch fo
r ch
ang
e in
g
ap a
t to
p a
nd
bo
tto
m
First Signs of Sticking and Becoming Stuck Fishing Operations Checklist ― Basic Steps(Refer to the Wireline Fishing Manual for Complete Procedure)
Fishing Operations Overview
Additional Information available @ Fishing Reference Page (InTouch 3876112)For Detailed Operational Procedures Refer to WL Fishing manual (InTouch 4172213)For Detailed Operational Procedures Refer to WL Fishing Manual (InTouch 4172213)
If You Think You Are Stuck
When tools are stuck, attempting to pull free can result in accidental pull-offs and broken damaged/weakened cables. If procedures are not carefully followed, cables (especially new ones), will be damaged by the sudden changes in tension from pulling up and slacking off too quickly. Similarly, be aware that some weakpoints have failed prematurely when inappropriate practices have been performed in an attempt to free stuck toolstrings. Correct application of the maximum tension is very important. Therefore, it is best to determine the normal and reference tensions during normal operation, before stuck!
Once confirmation of being stuck has been made, the two most common options shown below have typically been followed. The first approach is recommended as being the safest set of actions to follow. The second approach is not recommended by Schlumberger, although it may likely be the most common request from the client’s wellsiterepresentative.
Holding Maximum Tension
1. Once it is recognized that the toolstring is stuck, pull maximum tension and set the brake. Do not exceed the safe working load (SWL) of the wireline logging cable, or 75% of the lower weak point rating at the head.
2. If the client is not aware of your situation, immediately inform the client and explain your plan. 3. Continue to monitor the tension while the brake is set and close all calipers. Be prepared to sit and monitor tension for at
least an hour.4. Although the initial inspection is performed at the shop or upon arrival, once again, confirm that the fishing kit is complete. Pay
close attention to the required grapple sizes for fishing the stuck toolstring and the drillpipe thread sizes of subs required for your job or upon arrival.
5. Over a period of time (different for every situation), the tension may decrease by 200 lbs to 300 lbs. If this occurs, pull backto maximum tension and re-apply the brakes. Doing this several times is not uncommon during the wait period.
6. If the toolstring remains stuck after the wait (usually a few hours), discuss tool retrieval options with client and initiate the most appropriate method.
The Cyclic Method
NOT RECOMMENDED - avoid this method at all costs. It is well known to cause torque imbalance issues and result in cable failure. Utilize only upon client demand, and only after the appropriate advisory of the likelihood for the cable to partwell below its nominal rating.
1. Upon becoming stuck, determine the reference tension.RReeffeerreennccee TTeennssiioonn == mmoovviinngg tteennssiioonn –– ttooooll wweeiigghhtt iinn fflluuiidd –– ttooooll ddrraaggIn deviated wells, the surface tension includes a large amount of drag due to both cable and tool.
2. Pull 50% of the lower weakpoint rating above this Reference Tension without exceeding the Safe Working Load (SWL) of the wireline cable.
3. Wait 5 seconds.4. If not free, close calipers and slack off SLOWLY (1000 ft/hr) to the previous tension before becoming stuck.5. Pull back to 50% of the lower weak point rating. 6. Wait 10 seconds. 7. If not free, reduce tension SLOWLY to Reference Tension less 100 lbs. 8. Check sensors and weight for tool movement. If no movement is apparent, pull SLOWLY to 55% of lower weakpoint rating
above reference tension. 9. Wait 10 seconds. 10. If the tool is still stuck, SLOWLY slack off to reference tension less 100 lbs. 11. Repeat the process in increments of 5% until 75% of the lowerweak point rating or the cable SWL is reached (whichever is
the lower value).
*** DOs & DON’Ts of FISHING ***
During “Cut and Thread” FISHING OPERATIONS, THERE ARE CERTAIN THINGS THAT SHOULD NOT BE DONE OR PERFORMED UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES. EVEN AT THE REQUEST OF THE CLIENT. DO NOT ENTERTAIN THESE IDEAS BECAUSE THEY COULD CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONNEL OR CAUSE THE JOB TO END IN FAILURE.
Do NOT allow Flexible Wire Rope Sinkers to pass over the upper sheave. This has resulted in complete assemblies falling to the floor from great heights with associated potential for fatalities.
Inverted T-Bar: Installing the T-bar upside down should never be attempted. The position is not intrinsically stable - it falls over and the cable parts just above the clamp. Instead, it should be rested on the C-plate. Review equipment section of the Fishing Manual for correct T-bar installation procedure.
Grapple Installation: Ensure that a new grapple and grapple control of the proper size is installed correctly in the downhole overshot assembly.
Avoid the use of “Bicycle Wheels” or “S-pipes” in Top-Drive setups.
Cutting cable under tension: Personnel must never attempt to cut a cable under tension; severe injury or fatality may result.
Under-rated and unapproved equipment: Using equipment not approved for fishing is not permitted.
Equipment dimensions: Always know the smallest inside diameters of both the drillpipe and the casing string upon arrival to the rig. Without knowing this information, certain fishing equipment may be prevented from passing.
Circulating subs: Do NOT run the circulating sub into the well. If lowered into the well, its presence will prevent rope socket hardware from returning to surface after WP breakage.
Heavy-Weight or Slim Drillpipe: The use of heavyweight drillpipe can introduce restrictions which prevent successful passage of rope or socket assemblies and spearheads when required.
Safety Guards: After cable drum changes, ALWAYS reinstall both logging unit drum guards to prevent injury to personnel.
No-Go: If a fishing operation is being performed with SFT-651 or some other small pipe fishing equipment, a No-Go for catching dropped hardware will not be available.
Never attempt to fish wireline with wireline.
Cut and Thread TechniqueThis is Schlumberger‘s method of choice for stuck toolstring retrieval.
Operational Requirements● It is the Field Engineer’s responsibility to act as a proactive advisor during the fishing operation. Good communications and record keeping with all involved are critical. Be aware that a number of fishing companies offer some of the same equipment found in SFT-644, SFT-651 and SFT-709. Do not leave or abandon the operation just because they have been called. Your alertness, experience, expertise and suggestions may lead to a more successful recovery of the tool.● An experienced winch operator It is desirable and occasionally necessary to have a man available to help with signals and/or help with cable movement.● Schlumberger personnel or the fishing specialist should stay on the rig floor to observe the operation until satisfied with alignment, equipment, safety concerns, etc. ● Periodic checks are also suggested especially when a new rig crew takes over. ● Descriptions of all fishing assemblies and BHAs going into the well for recovery should be known. All assemblies, estimated lengths of cable and other retrieved items from the well should be documented.
Reverse Cut and Thread Fishing TechniqueThe Reverse Cut and Thread technique is a subsequent method for retrieving stuck wireline toolstrings. When this procedure is performed, the wireline cable remains connected to the tools after engagement but may be later disconnected at some predetermined depth or at the rig floor.
USE THIS TECHNIQUE:● If the weakpoint cannot be safely broken due to deviation, doglegs or cable strength. ● If requested to keep the cable attached to the toolstring until it reaches the casing shoe or surface.● If it is suspected that the rubber boot on top of a bridle is wedged inside the grapple. ● If positive tool engagement cannot be confirmed.
Fishing Operations: Standard EquipmentSFT-644 – Certified fishing kit rated for 20,000 lbs.2-1/8-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit4-11/16-in O.D. Overshot Kit Optional: 1-11/16-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit
SFT-651 – Certified small pipe fishing kit rated for 8,000 lbs.1-3/8-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit3-3/8-in O.D. Overshot KitOptional: 1-11/16-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit
Refer to WL Equipment Guidelines (InTouch 4217158)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Inspect Fishing Kit.
Maximize distance between drillpipe and top-drive
(use long bails/links if available).
Apply tension of +1000 lbs over cable buoyant weight.
Install T-bar; check for cable slippage.
Lower elevators and cut cable.
Relocate upper sheave to the derrick.
Wireline crew builds rope sockets.
Install and test spearhead with spearhead overshot
assemblies.
Assemble downhole overshot; thread spearhead
overshot assembly.
Pick up downhole overshot.
Spool up spearhead overshot assembly to
derrickman, feed through pipe, and lower to floor.
Connect spearhead overshot to spearhead (inspect,
tighten and test connections frequently).
Apply tension to wireline and remove T-bar.
Lower pipe into hole and place C-plate under the
spearhead.
Slack off and disengage spearhead overshot from
spearhead.
Flag cable at drum when spearhead overshot
reaches derrickman.
Flag cable again when spearhead overshot reaches
bottom of pipe.
Proceed cautiously until BHA is in the hole.
Trip DP into hole; inspect the wireline every 10 stands.
Install circulating sub 1 to 2 stands above expected
top of fish.
Circulate to clean grapple and downhole overshot.
Remove circulating assembly and continue in hole
until tension increases.
Confirm fish engagement by:
● increasing and slacking off wireline tension
● picking up drillpipe (reduction in cable tension)
● circulating and comparing pump pressure.
Rupture the drain sub disc with pump pressure.
With fish in overshot, install T-bar under spearhead
at surface.
Break weakpoint with T-bar in elevators; do not
exceed cable SWL.
Install second T-bar at drillpipe and set on a C-plate.
Lay out spearhead/overshot asemblies and cut cable.
Tie loose ends together with a square knot.
Spool slowly and observe the knot tightening.
Tension should not exceed 25% of ends-fixed break
strength. Two T-bars may be required to bring knot
back to winch.
Remove T-bar and carefully spool knot over sheaves
to drum; remove IDW/CMTD and spool knot onto drum.
Reinstall IDW/CMTD and reset depth including cable
footage cut out.
Near surface, slow down and pull out of hole and
tie-off wireline.
Ensure FE is on the rig floor w/ top of fish at 200 ft
and POOH with DP.
With tools at surface, install make-up plate
immediately below overshot and disconnect tools.
Rig down remainder of tool.
Disconnect downhole overshot from drillpipe and
remove tools or send back to base.
Untie the wireline, cut the rope socket, clear rig floor,
and pull cable over the top sheave by hand.
Spool up the cable with the winch.
Fishing― Operational & Safety Tips Schlumberger Wireline Basic Fishing Advisory Brochure
Wireline Fishing Safety Placard
At the Shop:
1. Review
logging program, the toolstrings to be run, and the order of logging descents.
2. Model logging tensions w
ith ToolPlanner softw
are and Stickance m
odel, calculate and select preferred w
eakpoint and estimate m
aximum
safe pulls.3. O
btain drillpipe parameters - top and bottom
connections, inner diameter, crossovers, or subs (pum
p-in, circulating, TIW
-valves).4. O
btain Wellbore inform
ation - hole size, casing sizes, direction, deviation, and expected conditions (fluid type, last circulation)5. P
lan for auxiliary equipment such as cable, w
eakpoint, stand-offs, bowsprings, tool turners, as w
ell as rig-up equipm
ent according to expected tensions, expected wellbore conditions, and rig capabilities.
6. Ensure proper operation, accuracy, and calibration of tension devices, tension panel, m
easuring wheels,
and related equipment.
7. Inspect Fishing Kits for necessary parts, proper drillpipe connections, full functionality, load-tests,
certifications, and documentation.
8. Identify and/or review fishing resources – Fishing R
eference Page w
ith Best P
ractices/Lessons Learned, Fishing M
anuals, Equipm
ent Guidelines, and Fishing S
tandards and Guidelines.
9. Review
fishing experience, training, and/or proficiency of crew.
Arrival at the W
ellsite:10. Inspect the site and the rig to determ
ine hazardous areas, equipment arrival and condition, fishing kit,
and basic rig-up needs.11. R
eview possible fishing needs for this w
ellsite such as cranes, hoists, top-drive, and drillpipe parameters.
10. Meet w
ith client to review logging program
, well/rig inform
ation (pipe connections?), general safety precautions, and inform
them of fishing equipm
ent at site or readily available. 11. P
erform basic job safety analysis / H
azard Analysis &
Risk C
ontrol (HA
RC
) and conduct safety meeting.
12. Consider the placem
ent and quantity of centralizers, flex joints, swivel adapter heads, hole finders,
stand-offs, etc., taking into account hole conditions and the characteristics of the tool string. D
O N
OT place stand-offs too high on the toolstring.
Allow
enough room to engage the tool w
ith a fishing overshot.13. M
easure and record exact dimensions of the toolstring, bridle, torpedo, and head. The nature of the tool
must be specified so that proper precautions w
ill be exercised to recover the tool without dam
age.14. O
btain or confirm inform
ation on the well environm
ent – well sketch w
ith depths, deviations and doglegs; perm
eable, lost-circulation, unconsolidated, or gassy formations; m
ud or drillpipe problems.
Running in the H
ole:15. O
bserve and record tension readings for tool weights in air, in fluid near surface, and periodically w
hile going in the hole. 16. Follow
Safe W
inch Operations guidelines.
17. Run In H
ole with proper tension on cable and stop periodically to determ
ine “static” tension.18. A
pproach casing shoes, tight spots, changes in direction or deviations with caution.
DO
NO
T stop moving in open hole.
DO
NO
T spud with the tool.
DO
NO
T put too much slack or sit on bottom
.
First Indications of Sticking:19. A
s tension builds up, indicating keyseating or the tool is sticking, but not stuck, keep moving up w
ithin safe cable tension lim
its.20. C
lose any calipers and determine type of sticking (keyseat, tool stuck, bridging)
a. If tool is stuck – apply maxim
um safe tension prom
ptly and hold constant.
i. DO
NO
T EXCEED
THE SA
FE WO
RK
ING
LOA
D O
F THE W
IRELIN
E CA
BLE O
R 75%
OF TH
E LOW
ER W
EAK
POIN
T RA
TING
.
ii. Inform client and location m
anager. b. If keyseated or bridging – stop the w
inch and attempt to low
er the tool.
i. Check tension device reading for “norm
al” free tool cable tension (cable w
t. + tool wt. In m
ud + friction of cable and tool)
ii. DO
NO
T EXCEED
THE SA
FE WO
RK
ING
LOA
D O
F THE W
IRELIN
E CA
BLE O
R
75% O
F THE LO
WER
WEA
KPO
INT R
ATIN
G.
iii. Inform
client and location manager.
DO
NO
T pull free from the tool.
DO
NO
T cycle cable.D
O N
OT exceed 50%
of the new cable rating.
DO
NO
T break the cable.
Fishing Operations w
hen Stuck:21. P
rovide the client with com
plete information, experience, and risks of each fishing m
ethod and determine
the Clients choice of m
ethod for fishing: a. C
ut & Thread – preferred m
ethod for deep open hole (>3000 ft) or shallow open hole w
ith poor hole conditions. b. R
everse Cut &
Thread – use when w
eakpoint cannot safely be broken, positive engagement
cannot be confirmed, the grapple is clogged or blocked, or cable m
ust remain attached until
reaching casing or surface. c. S
ide-Door O
vershot – shallow open hole (<3000 ft) w
ith good hole conditions. d. Freeing at the W
eakpoint – cased hole; except for deep holes where cable m
ay break before w
eakpoint. 22. P
erform a H
AR
C for specific fishing operations and take necessary safety precautions.
a. No substandard link in the upper sheave support, the tension device, the sheaves, or the low
er sheave tie-dow
n. b. The upper sheave m
ust be installed by the rig crew by properly attaching to the w
ater table beams.
c. Securely anchor truck or unit, if not already done.
d. Keep the rotary table covered w
henever possible.
DO
NO
T allow non-essential personnel on rig floor or near cable w
hile tension is above normal.
DO
NO
T use a sling without proper certifications and inspection.
23. Conduct a pre-job safety and operational m
eeting to review dangers, fishing procedures, duration of
repetitive, mundane operations, and the need to be constantly alert.
24. Refer to appropriate m
aterials and manuals for full fishing docum
entation, operational procedures and risks.25. W
hen fishing for stuck tools with R
adioactive Sources: a. The C
lient and Schlum
berger should make reasonable efforts to recover the sealed source.
b. The Client and S
chlumberger should take precautions to avoid rupturing or dam
aging the source. c. S
chlumberger w
ill consult with The C
lient regarding the fishing operation, but the Client retains
full responsibility for the fishing operation. d. The R
adiation Safety section in the safety chapter of the W
RM
contains instructions for the procedure w
hen the stuck tool includes a radioactive source. e. A
dditional material is available in the R
adioactive Sources and C
ontrols manual.
f. It is vital that all Schlum
berger personnel are familiar w
ith existing radiation hazards and recom
mended procedures.
g. Report im
mediately to M
anagement, InTouch and if applicable, your G
eoMarket H
otline if the follow
ing occurs: i. The C
lient initiates a fishing procedure that is contrary to Schlum
berger’s advice for protecting the source. ii. A fishing operation has broken the logging tool string. iii. The source capsule is in danger of being dam
aged by the use of drilling, milling, or w
ashover equipm
ent for retrieval or by rotating the drillpipe.
iv. The source is not recovered on the first fishing attempt.
v. A
bandonment of the source seem
s likely.
vi. Mud returns show
an increase in radioactivity.
1. The field engineer or specialist m
ust monitor m
ud returns at all times just
prior to engaging the fish and during critical parts of the fishing procedure.
2. If m
ud returns show an increase in radioactivity, a ruptured source m
ay be
indicated. The follow
ing procedures are required:
a. Stop the m
ud flow and continue to m
onitor radiation levels in the mud pit.
b. D
emand that fishing operations be halted im
mediately.
c. A
dvise client that the rig should be shut down and prepared for possible
evacuation.
d. Survey the area around the w
ellhead, etc. to determine extent of contam
ination.
e. Survey all personnel in area for possible exposures.
26. During R
etrieval of Toolstring with R
adioactive Sources the field engineer or specialist must alw
ays be concerned w
ith minim
izing the radiation exposure to all parties. From the tim
e a retrieved source is brought to the surface until it is returned to its shield, personnel exposure m
ust be controlled.
Follow safe practices outlined in the R
adiation Safety section of the WR
M
and the Radioactive Sources and C
ontrols manual.
Yes Yes
Cable Stuck Tool Stuck
No
Con
tinue
Logg
ing
If free
No
No
Close caliper, slack to Tn - 500 lbsand monitor HTEN to see if tool is
moving down; free?
Yes
Move down at least 1% of depth and pull back to Tn +1000 lbs
Is the tool free?
No
Yes
If free
Do not pull off toolscontaining RA sources
PULL MAX
Build Rope Sockets andInstall LWF Adapters
Client to decide on fishingmethod (Cut and Thread,
pull out of WP, LWF)
Cut and Thread if in open hole and/or radioactive sources involved
LWF or FISHING JOB
Convert to LWF
Con
tinue
Log
ging
-
MAX SAFE PULL
Pull maximum safe pull and HOLDActivate wireline jars if available;
Pull maximum safe pull and HOLD
Inform client and SLB management Prepare crew for fishing job
Determine whether cable or tool stuck(Monitor HTEN)
Determine whether cable or tool stuck(Monitor HTEN)
Close caliper, slack to Tn - 500 lbsand monitor HTEN to confirm
tool is free/moving down.
Pull up to Tn+2000 lbs. Determine cable stuck point using the stretch
method; Depth=Stretch/(coeff * 2000).
DO NOT exceed the Max Safe Pull.
Close caliper. Slack cable slowlyback to Tn + 1000 lbs. Open/close
caliper - confirm tool is free.
Potential Accidents or Hazards Attempting to use slick-line or free-point “bicycle wheels” on the top drive.
Cable slipping through T-bar.
Objects falling from derrick during upper sheave installation.
Swivel or spearheads break at surface; danger to surrounding personnel.
Overshot slipping through air hoist line; falling on or pinning personnel.
Pulling fishing assembly into the upper sheave.
Working beneath overshot/pipe assembly when removing T-bar.
Spearhead/spearhead overshot unthreading and coming apart. Spearhead overshot falls past the spearhead, landing on the feet of personnel on the drill floor.Spearhead overshot pins a hand or fingers between it and the spearhead.
Wireline or weight assembly catches on top drive, breaking cable or swivel.
High tension on cable.
Moving sheave wheels.
Pinch points while stabbing spearhead overshot.
Getting hit by moving drill pipe.
Wireline getting cut with rotating drill pipe while making up joint.
Broken weakpoint assembly going through the upper sheave.
Exposure to radiation or explosives when rigging down tools.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Tighten bolts 80 to 85 ft-lbsin the following sequence.
Both distances should be equalwhen tightening bolts.
Logging cable
At the first indication of sticking, the Engineer must immediately put into action the plan to get free. This plan should already have been formulated from the essential information determined prior to descent. By using the available resources and by following the flowchart below, the decision tree on what actions to take will be greatly simplified.
Ensure a reduction in the weakpoint rating due to downhole temperature is made. It should be deratedby approximately 4% per 100 degF, above 75 degF (extracted from Heads MM, InTouch #3012542).
200 degF5.4%
300 degF9.5%
400 degF13.7%
500 degF16.4%
600 degF20.4%
Temperature Reduction
Cable type: _________________ Breaking strength: _________________ 50% of cable breaking strength: _________________75% of LWPR (Lower Weak Point Rating): _________________ Wtm (Tool Weight in Mud): _________________ Tn (Normal Tension Prior to Being Stuck): _________________ HTEN (Head tension Prior to Being Stuck): _________________ MAXIMUM SAFE PULL = 75% LWPR + Tn - Wtm: _________________
DO NOT EXCEED 50% OF THE CABLE BREAKING STRENGTH
ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
Tips for Safe Job Procedures
Mark cable.Test T-bar for cable slip (Fig A).Minimize personnel on rig floor. Routinely tighten and inspect connections.Keep hands and feet clear of pipe(Fig B).Proceed cautiously near Top Drive.Do not pull wire rope sinker bar assembly into sheave (Fig C).Stay clear of lower sheave wheel.Properly position self and others.Use “No-Go” hardware .Stay clear of wireline with tension.Ensure clear communications.Ensure visibility and line of sight.
Additional Information available @ Fishing Reference Page (InTouch 3876112)
AVOID THIS SITUATION !!!
AVOID THIS SITUATION !!!
Flexible wire ropesinker bar assemblygoing over the sheave.
Fig C
WL Fishing Manual (4172213)7DH022/Feb07
Refer to WL-QHSE S09 (InTouch 4138014)
100403913 Rev AA Feb 2007
Markat top
Mark atbottom
Fig A Fig B
Wat
ch fo
r ch
ang
e in
g
ap a
t to
p a
nd
bo
tto
m
First Signs of Sticking and Becoming Stuck Fishing Operations Checklist ― Basic Steps(Refer to the Wireline Fishing Manual for Complete Procedure)
Fishing Operations Overview
Additional Information available @ Fishing Reference Page (InTouch 3876112)For Detailed Operational Procedures Refer to WL Fishing manual (InTouch 4172213)For Detailed Operational Procedures Refer to WL Fishing Manual (InTouch 4172213)
If You Think You Are Stuck
When tools are stuck, attempting to pull free can result in accidental pull-offs and broken damaged/weakened cables. If procedures are not carefully followed, cables (especially new ones), will be damaged by the sudden changes in tension from pulling up and slacking off too quickly. Similarly, be aware that some weakpoints have failed prematurely when inappropriate practices have been performed in an attempt to free stuck toolstrings. Correct application of the maximum tension is very important. Therefore, it is best to determine the normal and reference tensions during normal operation, before stuck!
Once confirmation of being stuck has been made, the two most common options shown below have typically been followed. The first approach is recommended as being the safest set of actions to follow. The second approach is not recommended by Schlumberger, although it may likely be the most common request from the client’s wellsiterepresentative.
Holding Maximum Tension
1. Once it is recognized that the toolstring is stuck, pull maximum tension and set the brake. Do not exceed the safe working load (SWL) of the wireline logging cable, or 75% of the lower weak point rating at the head.
2. If the client is not aware of your situation, immediately inform the client and explain your plan. 3. Continue to monitor the tension while the brake is set and close all calipers. Be prepared to sit and monitor tension for at
least an hour.4. Although the initial inspection is performed at the shop or upon arrival, once again, confirm that the fishing kit is complete. Pay
close attention to the required grapple sizes for fishing the stuck toolstring and the drillpipe thread sizes of subs required for your job or upon arrival.
5. Over a period of time (different for every situation), the tension may decrease by 200 lbs to 300 lbs. If this occurs, pull backto maximum tension and re-apply the brakes. Doing this several times is not uncommon during the wait period.
6. If the toolstring remains stuck after the wait (usually a few hours), discuss tool retrieval options with client and initiate the most appropriate method.
The Cyclic Method
NOT RECOMMENDED - avoid this method at all costs. It is well known to cause torque imbalance issues and result in cable failure. Utilize only upon client demand, and only after the appropriate advisory of the likelihood for the cable to partwell below its nominal rating.
1. Upon becoming stuck, determine the reference tension.RReeffeerreennccee TTeennssiioonn == mmoovviinngg tteennssiioonn –– ttooooll wweeiigghhtt iinn fflluuiidd –– ttooooll ddrraaggIn deviated wells, the surface tension includes a large amount of drag due to both cable and tool.
2. Pull 50% of the lower weakpoint rating above this Reference Tension without exceeding the Safe Working Load (SWL) of the wireline cable.
3. Wait 5 seconds.4. If not free, close calipers and slack off SLOWLY (1000 ft/hr) to the previous tension before becoming stuck.5. Pull back to 50% of the lower weak point rating. 6. Wait 10 seconds. 7. If not free, reduce tension SLOWLY to Reference Tension less 100 lbs. 8. Check sensors and weight for tool movement. If no movement is apparent, pull SLOWLY to 55% of lower weakpoint rating
above reference tension. 9. Wait 10 seconds. 10. If the tool is still stuck, SLOWLY slack off to reference tension less 100 lbs. 11. Repeat the process in increments of 5% until 75% of the lowerweak point rating or the cable SWL is reached (whichever is
the lower value).
*** DOs & DON’Ts of FISHING ***
During “Cut and Thread” FISHING OPERATIONS, THERE ARE CERTAIN THINGS THAT SHOULD NOT BE DONE OR PERFORMED UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES. EVEN AT THE REQUEST OF THE CLIENT. DO NOT ENTERTAIN THESE IDEAS BECAUSE THEY COULD CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONNEL OR CAUSE THE JOB TO END IN FAILURE.
Do NOT allow Flexible Wire Rope Sinkers to pass over the upper sheave. This has resulted in complete assemblies falling to the floor from great heights with associated potential for fatalities.
Inverted T-Bar: Installing the T-bar upside down should never be attempted. The position is not intrinsically stable - it falls over and the cable parts just above the clamp. Instead, it should be rested on the C-plate. Review equipment section of the Fishing Manual for correct T-bar installation procedure.
Grapple Installation: Ensure that a new grapple and grapple control of the proper size is installed correctly in the downhole overshot assembly.
Avoid the use of “Bicycle Wheels” or “S-pipes” in Top-Drive setups.
Cutting cable under tension: Personnel must never attempt to cut a cable under tension; severe injury or fatality may result.
Under-rated and unapproved equipment: Using equipment not approved for fishing is not permitted.
Equipment dimensions: Always know the smallest inside diameters of both the drillpipe and the casing string upon arrival to the rig. Without knowing this information, certain fishing equipment may be prevented from passing.
Circulating subs: Do NOT run the circulating sub into the well. If lowered into the well, its presence will prevent rope socket hardware from returning to surface after WP breakage.
Heavy-Weight or Slim Drillpipe: The use of heavyweight drillpipe can introduce restrictions which prevent successful passage of rope or socket assemblies and spearheads when required.
Safety Guards: After cable drum changes, ALWAYS reinstall both logging unit drum guards to prevent injury to personnel.
No-Go: If a fishing operation is being performed with SFT-651 or some other small pipe fishing equipment, a No-Go for catching dropped hardware will not be available.
Never attempt to fish wireline with wireline.
Cut and Thread TechniqueThis is Schlumberger‘s method of choice for stuck toolstring retrieval.
Operational Requirements● It is the Field Engineer’s responsibility to act as a proactive advisor during the fishing operation. Good communications and record keeping with all involved are critical. Be aware that a number of fishing companies offer some of the same equipment found in SFT-644, SFT-651 and SFT-709. Do not leave or abandon the operation just because they have been called. Your alertness, experience, expertise and suggestions may lead to a more successful recovery of the tool.● An experienced winch operator It is desirable and occasionally necessary to have a man available to help with signals and/or help with cable movement.● Schlumberger personnel or the fishing specialist should stay on the rig floor to observe the operation until satisfied with alignment, equipment, safety concerns, etc. ● Periodic checks are also suggested especially when a new rig crew takes over. ● Descriptions of all fishing assemblies and BHAs going into the well for recovery should be known. All assemblies, estimated lengths of cable and other retrieved items from the well should be documented.
Reverse Cut and Thread Fishing TechniqueThe Reverse Cut and Thread technique is a subsequent method for retrieving stuck wireline toolstrings. When this procedure is performed, the wireline cable remains connected to the tools after engagement but may be later disconnected at some predetermined depth or at the rig floor.
USE THIS TECHNIQUE:● If the weakpoint cannot be safely broken due to deviation, doglegs or cable strength. ● If requested to keep the cable attached to the toolstring until it reaches the casing shoe or surface.● If it is suspected that the rubber boot on top of a bridle is wedged inside the grapple. ● If positive tool engagement cannot be confirmed.
Fishing Operations: Standard EquipmentSFT-644 – Certified fishing kit rated for 20,000 lbs.2-1/8-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit4-11/16-in O.D. Overshot Kit Optional: 1-11/16-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit
SFT-651 – Certified small pipe fishing kit rated for 8,000 lbs.1-3/8-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit3-3/8-in O.D. Overshot KitOptional: 1-11/16-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit
Refer to WL Equipment Guidelines (InTouch 4217158)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Inspect Fishing Kit.
Maximize distance between drillpipe and top-drive
(use long bails/links if available).
Apply tension of +1000 lbs over cable buoyant weight.
Install T-bar; check for cable slippage.
Lower elevators and cut cable.
Relocate upper sheave to the derrick.
Wireline crew builds rope sockets.
Install and test spearhead with spearhead overshot
assemblies.
Assemble downhole overshot; thread spearhead
overshot assembly.
Pick up downhole overshot.
Spool up spearhead overshot assembly to
derrickman, feed through pipe, and lower to floor.
Connect spearhead overshot to spearhead (inspect,
tighten and test connections frequently).
Apply tension to wireline and remove T-bar.
Lower pipe into hole and place C-plate under the
spearhead.
Slack off and disengage spearhead overshot from
spearhead.
Flag cable at drum when spearhead overshot
reaches derrickman.
Flag cable again when spearhead overshot reaches
bottom of pipe.
Proceed cautiously until BHA is in the hole.
Trip DP into hole; inspect the wireline every 10 stands.
Install circulating sub 1 to 2 stands above expected
top of fish.
Circulate to clean grapple and downhole overshot.
Remove circulating assembly and continue in hole
until tension increases.
Confirm fish engagement by:
● increasing and slacking off wireline tension
● picking up drillpipe (reduction in cable tension)
● circulating and comparing pump pressure.
Rupture the drain sub disc with pump pressure.
With fish in overshot, install T-bar under spearhead
at surface.
Break weakpoint with T-bar in elevators; do not
exceed cable SWL.
Install second T-bar at drillpipe and set on a C-plate.
Lay out spearhead/overshot asemblies and cut cable.
Tie loose ends together with a square knot.
Spool slowly and observe the knot tightening.
Tension should not exceed 25% of ends-fixed break
strength. Two T-bars may be required to bring knot
back to winch.
Remove T-bar and carefully spool knot over sheaves
to drum; remove IDW/CMTD and spool knot onto drum.
Reinstall IDW/CMTD and reset depth including cable
footage cut out.
Near surface, slow down and pull out of hole and
tie-off wireline.
Ensure FE is on the rig floor w/ top of fish at 200 ft
and POOH with DP.
With tools at surface, install make-up plate
immediately below overshot and disconnect tools.
Rig down remainder of tool.
Disconnect downhole overshot from drillpipe and
remove tools or send back to base.
Untie the wireline, cut the rope socket, clear rig floor,
and pull cable over the top sheave by hand.
Spool up the cable with the winch.
First Signs of Sticking and Becoming Stuck Fishing Operations Checklist ― Basic Steps(Refer to the Wireline Fishing Manual for Complete Procedure)
Fishing Operations Overview
Additional Information available @ Fishing Reference Page (InTouch 3876112)For Detailed Operational Procedures Refer to WL Fishing manual (InTouch 4172213)For Detailed Operational Procedures Refer to WL Fishing Manual (InTouch 4172213)
If You Think You Are Stuck
When tools are stuck, attempting to pull free can result in accidental pull-offs and broken damaged/weakened cables. If procedures are not carefully followed, cables (especially new ones), will be damaged by the sudden changes in tension from pulling up and slacking off too quickly. Similarly, be aware that some weakpoints have failed prematurely when inappropriate practices have been performed in an attempt to free stuck toolstrings. Correct application of the maximum tension is very important. Therefore, it is best to determine the normal and reference tensions during normal operation, before stuck!
Once confirmation of being stuck has been made, the two most common options shown below have typically been followed. The first approach is recommended as being the safest set of actions to follow. The second approach is not recommended by Schlumberger, although it may likely be the most common request from the client’s wellsiterepresentative.
Holding Maximum Tension
1. Once it is recognized that the toolstring is stuck, pull maximum tension and set the brake. Do not exceed the safe working load (SWL) of the wireline logging cable, or 75% of the lower weak point rating at the head.
2. If the client is not aware of your situation, immediately inform the client and explain your plan. 3. Continue to monitor the tension while the brake is set and close all calipers. Be prepared to sit and monitor tension for at
least an hour.4. Although the initial inspection is performed at the shop or upon arrival, once again, confirm that the fishing kit is complete. Pay
close attention to the required grapple sizes for fishing the stuck toolstring and the drillpipe thread sizes of subs required for your job or upon arrival.
5. Over a period of time (different for every situation), the tension may decrease by 200 lbs to 300 lbs. If this occurs, pull backto maximum tension and re-apply the brakes. Doing this several times is not uncommon during the wait period.
6. If the toolstring remains stuck after the wait (usually a few hours), discuss tool retrieval options with client and initiate the most appropriate method.
The Cyclic Method
NOT RECOMMENDED - avoid this method at all costs. It is well known to cause torque imbalance issues and result in cable failure. Utilize only upon client demand, and only after the appropriate advisory of the likelihood for the cable to partwell below its nominal rating.
1. Upon becoming stuck, determine the reference tension.RReeffeerreennccee TTeennssiioonn == mmoovviinngg tteennssiioonn –– ttooooll wweeiigghhtt iinn fflluuiidd –– ttooooll ddrraaggIn deviated wells, the surface tension includes a large amount of drag due to both cable and tool.
2. Pull 50% of the lower weakpoint rating above this Reference Tension without exceeding the Safe Working Load (SWL) of the wireline cable.
3. Wait 5 seconds.4. If not free, close calipers and slack off SLOWLY (1000 ft/hr) to the previous tension before becoming stuck.5. Pull back to 50% of the lower weak point rating. 6. Wait 10 seconds. 7. If not free, reduce tension SLOWLY to Reference Tension less 100 lbs. 8. Check sensors and weight for tool movement. If no movement is apparent, pull SLOWLY to 55% of lower weakpoint rating
above reference tension. 9. Wait 10 seconds. 10. If the tool is still stuck, SLOWLY slack off to reference tension less 100 lbs. 11. Repeat the process in increments of 5% until 75% of the lowerweak point rating or the cable SWL is reached (whichever is
the lower value).
*** DOs & DON’Ts of FISHING ***
During “Cut and Thread” FISHING OPERATIONS, THERE ARE CERTAIN THINGS THAT SHOULD NOT BE DONE OR PERFORMED UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES. EVEN AT THE REQUEST OF THE CLIENT. DO NOT ENTERTAIN THESE IDEAS BECAUSE THEY COULD CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONNEL OR CAUSE THE JOB TO END IN FAILURE.
Do NOT allow Flexible Wire Rope Sinkers to pass over the upper sheave. This has resulted in complete assemblies falling to the floor from great heights with associated potential for fatalities.
Inverted T-Bar: Installing the T-bar upside down should never be attempted. The position is not intrinsically stable - it falls over and the cable parts just above the clamp. Instead, it should be rested on the C-plate. Review equipment section of the Fishing Manual for correct T-bar installation procedure.
Grapple Installation: Ensure that a new grapple and grapple control of the proper size is installed correctly in the downhole overshot assembly.
Avoid the use of “Bicycle Wheels” or “S-pipes” in Top-Drive setups.
Cutting cable under tension: Personnel must never attempt to cut a cable under tension; severe injury or fatality may result.
Under-rated and unapproved equipment: Using equipment not approved for fishing is not permitted.
Equipment dimensions: Always know the smallest inside diameters of both the drillpipe and the casing string upon arrival to the rig. Without knowing this information, certain fishing equipment may be prevented from passing.
Circulating subs: Do NOT run the circulating sub into the well. If lowered into the well, its presence will prevent rope socket hardware from returning to surface after WP breakage.
Heavy-Weight or Slim Drillpipe: The use of heavyweight drillpipe can introduce restrictions which prevent successful passage of rope or socket assemblies and spearheads when required.
Safety Guards: After cable drum changes, ALWAYS reinstall both logging unit drum guards to prevent injury to personnel.
No-Go: If a fishing operation is being performed with SFT-651 or some other small pipe fishing equipment, a No-Go for catching dropped hardware will not be available.
Never attempt to fish wireline with wireline.
Cut and Thread TechniqueThis is Schlumberger‘s method of choice for stuck toolstring retrieval.
Operational Requirements● It is the Field Engineer’s responsibility to act as a proactive advisor during the fishing operation. Good communications and record keeping with all involved are critical. Be aware that a number of fishing companies offer some of the same equipment found in SFT-644, SFT-651 and SFT-709. Do not leave or abandon the operation just because they have been called. Your alertness, experience, expertise and suggestions may lead to a more successful recovery of the tool.● An experienced winch operator It is desirable and occasionally necessary to have a man available to help with signals and/or help with cable movement.● Schlumberger personnel or the fishing specialist should stay on the rig floor to observe the operation until satisfied with alignment, equipment, safety concerns, etc. ● Periodic checks are also suggested especially when a new rig crew takes over. ● Descriptions of all fishing assemblies and BHAs going into the well for recovery should be known. All assemblies, estimated lengths of cable and other retrieved items from the well should be documented.
Reverse Cut and Thread Fishing TechniqueThe Reverse Cut and Thread technique is a subsequent method for retrieving stuck wireline toolstrings. When this procedure is performed, the wireline cable remains connected to the tools after engagement but may be later disconnected at some predetermined depth or at the rig floor.
USE THIS TECHNIQUE:● If the weakpoint cannot be safely broken due to deviation, doglegs or cable strength. ● If requested to keep the cable attached to the toolstring until it reaches the casing shoe or surface.● If it is suspected that the rubber boot on top of a bridle is wedged inside the grapple. ● If positive tool engagement cannot be confirmed.
Fishing Operations: Standard EquipmentSFT-644 – Certified fishing kit rated for 20,000 lbs.2-1/8-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit4-11/16-in O.D. Overshot Kit Optional: 1-11/16-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit
SFT-651 – Certified small pipe fishing kit rated for 8,000 lbs.1-3/8-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit3-3/8-in O.D. Overshot KitOptional: 1-11/16-in O.D. Rope Socket Kit
Refer to WL Equipment Guidelines (InTouch 4217158)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Inspect Fishing Kit.
Maximize distance between drillpipe and top-drive
(use long bails/links if available).
Apply tension of +1000 lbs over cable buoyant weight.
Install T-bar; check for cable slippage.
Lower elevators and cut cable.
Relocate upper sheave to the derrick.
Wireline crew builds rope sockets.
Install and test spearhead with spearhead overshot
assemblies.
Assemble downhole overshot; thread spearhead
overshot assembly.
Pick up downhole overshot.
Spool up spearhead overshot assembly to
derrickman, feed through pipe, and lower to floor.
Connect spearhead overshot to spearhead (inspect,
tighten and test connections frequently).
Apply tension to wireline and remove T-bar.
Lower pipe into hole and place C-plate under the
spearhead.
Slack off and disengage spearhead overshot from
spearhead.
Flag cable at drum when spearhead overshot
reaches derrickman.
Flag cable again when spearhead overshot reaches
bottom of pipe.
Proceed cautiously until BHA is in the hole.
Trip DP into hole; inspect the wireline every 10 stands.
Install circulating sub 1 to 2 stands above expected
top of fish.
Circulate to clean grapple and downhole overshot.
Remove circulating assembly and continue in hole
until tension increases.
Confirm fish engagement by:
● increasing and slacking off wireline tension
● picking up drillpipe (reduction in cable tension)
● circulating and comparing pump pressure.
Rupture the drain sub disc with pump pressure.
With fish in overshot, install T-bar under spearhead
at surface.
Break weakpoint with T-bar in elevators; do not
exceed cable SWL.
Install second T-bar at drillpipe and set on a C-plate.
Lay out spearhead/overshot asemblies and cut cable.
Tie loose ends together with a square knot.
Spool slowly and observe the knot tightening.
Tension should not exceed 25% of ends-fixed break
strength. Two T-bars may be required to bring knot
back to winch.
Remove T-bar and carefully spool knot over sheaves
to drum; remove IDW/CMTD and spool knot onto drum.
Reinstall IDW/CMTD and reset depth including cable
footage cut out.
Near surface, slow down and pull out of hole and
tie-off wireline.
Ensure FE is on the rig floor w/ top of fish at 200 ft
and POOH with DP.
With tools at surface, install make-up plate
immediately below overshot and disconnect tools.
Rig down remainder of tool.
Disconnect downhole overshot from drillpipe and
remove tools or send back to base.
Untie the wireline, cut the rope socket, clear rig floor,
and pull cable over the top sheave by hand.
Spool up the cable with the winch.
Fishing― Operational & Safety Tips Schlumberger Wireline Basic Fishing Advisory BrochureW
ireline Fishing Safety PlacardA
t the Shop:1. R
eview logging program
, the toolstrings to be run, and the order of logging descents.2. M
odel logging tensions with ToolP
lanner software and S
tickance model, calculate and select preferred
weakpoint and estim
ate maxim
um safe pulls.
3. Obtain drillpipe param
eters - top and bottom connections, inner diam
eter, crossovers, or subs (pump-in,
circulating, TIW-valves).
4. Obtain W
ellbore information - hole size, casing sizes, direction, deviation, and expected conditions (fluid
type, last circulation)5. P
lan for auxiliary equipment such as cable, w
eakpoint, stand-offs, bowsprings, tool turners, as w
ell as rig-up equipm
ent according to expected tensions, expected wellbore conditions, and rig capabilities.
6. Ensure proper operation, accuracy, and calibration of tension devices, tension panel, m
easuring wheels,
and related equipment.
7. Inspect Fishing Kits for necessary parts, proper drillpipe connections, full functionality, load-tests,
certifications, and documentation.
8. Identify and/or review fishing resources – Fishing R
eference Page w
ith Best P
ractices/Lessons Learned, Fishing M
anuals, Equipm
ent Guidelines, and Fishing S
tandards and Guidelines.
9. Review
fishing experience, training, and/or proficiency of crew.
Arrival at the W
ellsite:10. Inspect the site and the rig to determ
ine hazardous areas, equipment arrival and condition, fishing kit,
and basic rig-up needs.11. R
eview possible fishing needs for this w
ellsite such as cranes, hoists, top-drive, and drillpipe parameters.
10. Meet w
ith client to review logging program
, well/rig inform
ation (pipe connections?), general safety precautions, and inform
them of fishing equipm
ent at site or readily available. 11. P
erform basic job safety analysis / H
azard Analysis &
Risk C
ontrol (HA
RC
) and conduct safety meeting.
12. Consider the placem
ent and quantity of centralizers, flex joints, swivel adapter heads, hole finders,
stand-offs, etc., taking into account hole conditions and the characteristics of the tool string. D
O N
OT place stand-offs too high on the toolstring.
Allow
enough room to engage the tool w
ith a fishing overshot.13. M
easure and record exact dimensions of the toolstring, bridle, torpedo, and head. The nature of the tool
must be specified so that proper precautions w
ill be exercised to recover the tool without dam
age.14. O
btain or confirm inform
ation on the well environm
ent – well sketch w
ith depths, deviations and doglegs; perm
eable, lost-circulation, unconsolidated, or gassy formations; m
ud or drillpipe problems.
Running in the H
ole:15. O
bserve and record tension readings for tool weights in air, in fluid near surface, and periodically w
hile going in the hole. 16. Follow
Safe W
inch Operations guidelines.
17. Run In H
ole with proper tension on cable and stop periodically to determ
ine “static” tension.18. A
pproach casing shoes, tight spots, changes in direction or deviations with caution.
DO
NO
T stop moving in open hole.
DO
NO
T spud with the tool.
DO
NO
T put too much slack or sit on bottom
.
First Indications of Sticking:19. A
s tension builds up, indicating keyseating or the tool is sticking, but not stuck, keep moving up w
ithin safe cable tension lim
its.20. C
lose any calipers and determine type of sticking (keyseat, tool stuck, bridging)
a. If tool is stuck – apply maxim
um safe tension prom
ptly and hold constant.
i. DO
NO
T EXCEED
THE SA
FE WO
RK
ING
LOA
D O
F THE W
IRELIN
E CA
BLE O
R 75%
OF TH
E LOW
ER W
EAK
POIN
T RA
TING
.
ii. Inform client and location m
anager. b. If keyseated or bridging – stop the w
inch and attempt to low
er the tool.
i. Check tension device reading for “norm
al” free tool cable tension (cable w
t. + tool wt. In m
ud + friction of cable and tool)
ii. DO
NO
T EXCEED
THE SA
FE WO
RK
ING
LOA
D O
F THE W
IRELIN
E CA
BLE O
R
75% O
F THE LO
WER
WEA
KPO
INT R
ATIN
G.
iii. Inform
client and location manager.
DO
NO
T pull free from the tool.
DO
NO
T cycle cable.D
O N
OT exceed 50%
of the new cable rating.
DO
NO
T break the cable.
Fishing Operations w
hen Stuck:21. P
rovide the client with com
plete information, experience, and risks of each fishing m
ethod and determine
the Clients choice of m
ethod for fishing: a. C
ut & Thread – preferred m
ethod for deep open hole (>3000 ft) or shallow open hole w
ith poor hole conditions. b. R
everse Cut &
Thread – use when w
eakpoint cannot safely be broken, positive engagement
cannot be confirmed, the grapple is clogged or blocked, or cable m
ust remain attached until
reaching casing or surface. c. S
ide-Door O
vershot – shallow open hole (<3000 ft) w
ith good hole conditions. d. Freeing at the W
eakpoint – cased hole; except for deep holes where cable m
ay break before w
eakpoint. 22. P
erform a H
AR
C for specific fishing operations and take necessary safety precautions.
a. No substandard link in the upper sheave support, the tension device, the sheaves, or the low
er sheave tie-dow
n. b. The upper sheave m
ust be installed by the rig crew by properly attaching to the w
ater table beams.
c. Securely anchor truck or unit, if not already done.
d. Keep the rotary table covered w
henever possible.
DO
NO
T allow non-essential personnel on rig floor or near cable w
hile tension is above normal.
DO
NO
T use a sling without proper certifications and inspection.
23. Conduct a pre-job safety and operational m
eeting to review dangers, fishing procedures, duration of
repetitive, mundane operations, and the need to be constantly alert.
24. Refer to appropriate m
aterials and manuals for full fishing docum
entation, operational procedures and risks.25. W
hen fishing for stuck tools with R
adioactive Sources: a. The C
lient and Schlum
berger should make reasonable efforts to recover the sealed source.
b. The Client and S
chlumberger should take precautions to avoid rupturing or dam
aging the source. c. S
chlumberger w
ill consult with The C
lient regarding the fishing operation, but the Client retains
full responsibility for the fishing operation. d. The R
adiation Safety section in the safety chapter of the W
RM
contains instructions for the procedure w
hen the stuck tool includes a radioactive source. e. A
dditional material is available in the R
adioactive Sources and C
ontrols manual.
f. It is vital that all Schlum
berger personnel are familiar w
ith existing radiation hazards and recom
mended procedures.
g. Report im
mediately to M
anagement, InTouch and if applicable, your G
eoMarket H
otline if the follow
ing occurs: i. The C
lient initiates a fishing procedure that is contrary to Schlum
berger’s advice for protecting the source. ii. A fishing operation has broken the logging tool string. iii. The source capsule is in danger of being dam
aged by the use of drilling, milling, or w
ashover equipm
ent for retrieval or by rotating the drillpipe.
iv. The source is not recovered on the first fishing attempt.
v. A
bandonment of the source seem
s likely.
vi. Mud returns show
an increase in radioactivity.
1. The field engineer or specialist m
ust monitor m
ud returns at all times just
prior to engaging the fish and during critical parts of the fishing procedure.
2. If m
ud returns show an increase in radioactivity, a ruptured source m
ay be
indicated. The follow
ing procedures are required:
a. Stop the m
ud flow and continue to m
onitor radiation levels in the mud pit.
b. D
emand that fishing operations be halted im
mediately.
c. A
dvise client that the rig should be shut down and prepared for possible
evacuation.
d. Survey the area around the w
ellhead, etc. to determine extent of contam
ination.
e. Survey all personnel in area for possible exposures.
26. During R
etrieval of Toolstring with R
adioactive Sources the field engineer or specialist must alw
ays be concerned w
ith minim
izing the radiation exposure to all parties. From the tim
e a retrieved source is brought to the surface until it is returned to its shield, personnel exposure m
ust be controlled.
Follow safe practices outlined in the R
adiation Safety section of the WR
M
and the Radioactive Sources and C
ontrols manual.
Yes Yes
Cable Stuck Tool Stuck
No
Con
tinue
Logg
ing
If free
No
No
Close caliper, slack to Tn - 500 lbsand monitor HTEN to see if tool is
moving down; free?
Yes
Move down at least 1% of depth and pull back to Tn +1000 lbs
Is the tool free?
No
Yes
If free
Do not pull off toolscontaining RA sources
PULL MAX
Build Rope Sockets andInstall LWF Adapters
Client to decide on fishingmethod (Cut and Thread,
pull out of WP, LWF)
Cut and Thread if in open hole and/or radioactive sources involved
LWF or FISHING JOB
Convert to LWF
Con
tinue
Log
ging
-
MAX SAFE PULL
Pull maximum safe pull and HOLDActivate wireline jars if available;
Pull maximum safe pull and HOLD
Inform client and SLB management Prepare crew for fishing job
Determine whether cable or tool stuck(Monitor HTEN)
Determine whether cable or tool stuck(Monitor HTEN)
Close caliper, slack to Tn - 500 lbsand monitor HTEN to confirm
tool is free/moving down.
Pull up to Tn+2000 lbs. Determine cable stuck point using the stretch
method; Depth=Stretch/(coeff * 2000).
DO NOT exceed the Max Safe Pull.
Close caliper. Slack cable slowlyback to Tn + 1000 lbs. Open/close
caliper - confirm tool is free.
Potential Accidents or Hazards Attempting to use slick-line or free-point “bicycle wheels” on the top drive.
Cable slipping through T-bar.
Objects falling from derrick during upper sheave installation.
Swivel or spearheads break at surface; danger to surrounding personnel.
Overshot slipping through air hoist line; falling on or pinning personnel.
Pulling fishing assembly into the upper sheave.
Working beneath overshot/pipe assembly when removing T-bar.
Spearhead/spearhead overshot unthreading and coming apart. Spearhead overshot falls past the spearhead, landing on the feet of personnel on the drill floor.Spearhead overshot pins a hand or fingers between it and the spearhead.
Wireline or weight assembly catches on top drive, breaking cable or swivel.
High tension on cable.
Moving sheave wheels.
Pinch points while stabbing spearhead overshot.
Getting hit by moving drill pipe.
Wireline getting cut with rotating drill pipe while making up joint.
Broken weakpoint assembly going through the upper sheave.
Exposure to radiation or explosives when rigging down tools.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Tighten bolts 80 to 85 ft-lbsin the following sequence.
Both distances should be equalwhen tightening bolts.
Logging cable
At the first indication of sticking, the Engineer must immediately put into action the plan to get free. This plan should already have been formulated from the essential information determined prior to descent. By using the available resources and by following the flowchart below, the decision tree on what actions to take will be greatly simplified.
Ensure a reduction in the weakpoint rating due to downhole temperature is made. It should be deratedby approximately 4% per 100 degF, above 75 degF (extracted from Heads MM, InTouch #3012542).
200 degF5.4%
300 degF9.5%
400 degF13.7%
500 degF16.4%
600 degF20.4%
Temperature Reduction
Cable type: _________________ Breaking strength: _________________ 50% of cable breaking strength: _________________75% of LWPR (Lower Weak Point Rating): _________________ Wtm (Tool Weight in Mud): _________________ Tn (Normal Tension Prior to Being Stuck): _________________ HTEN (Head tension Prior to Being Stuck): _________________ MAXIMUM SAFE PULL = 75% LWPR + Tn - Wtm: _________________
DO NOT EXCEED 50% OF THE CABLE BREAKING STRENGTH
ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
Tips for Safe Job Procedures
Mark cable.Test T-bar for cable slip (Fig A).Minimize personnel on rig floor. Routinely tighten and inspect connections.Keep hands and feet clear of pipe(Fig B).Proceed cautiously near Top Drive.Do not pull wire rope sinker bar assembly into sheave (Fig C).Stay clear of lower sheave wheel.Properly position self and others.Use “No-Go” hardware .Stay clear of wireline with tension.Ensure clear communications.Ensure visibility and line of sight.
Additional Information available @ Fishing Reference Page (InTouch 3876112)
AVOID THIS SITUATION !!!
AVOID THIS SITUATION !!!
Flexible wire ropesinker bar assemblygoing over the sheave.
Fig C
WL Fishing Manual (4172213)7DH022/Feb07
Refer to WL-QHSE S09 (InTouch 4138014)
100403913 Rev AA Feb 2007
Markat top
Mark atbottom
Fig A Fig B
Wat
ch fo
r ch
ang
e in
g
ap a
t to
p a
nd
bo
tto
m