Basic Input and Output Component

Chapter 2

Lesson 1

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Input and Output• Optical Disks

• External Hard drive

• Flash Memory

Input• Keyboard

• Mouse

• Microphone

Output

• Monitor

• Printer

• Speaker

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Input Components

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1. Keyboards• Each keystroke is converted into a binary number that

the computer understands.

• A keyboard is used mainly for typing text into your computer. It has keys for letters and numbers, but it also has special keys:

1. The function keys, found on the top row, perform different functions depending on where they are used.

2. The numeric keypad, located on the right side of most keyboards, allows you to enter numbers quickly.

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3. The navigation keys, such as the arrow keys, allow you to move your position within a document or webpage.

4. The Numlock key toggles the numeric key’s function between navigation arrows and numbers

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• Some keys are used with other keys for special commands, Like:

1. The Control key

2. The Alternate key

3. The Shift key

Example:

Control + Alt + Del : is used to close nonresponding programs

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2. The Mouse• The mouse controls a pointer on the screen.

• Some mice hold a rubber ball that rolls on the desk or a mouse pad.

• Most newer mice use reflected beams of light instead of rollers, which called optical mousses.

• Using a mouse involves:

moving the body of the mouse to control the pointer on the screen

clicking a button.

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Mouse Instructions

Move the tip of the pointer to the desired location, then press and release the button on the left side of the mouseClick

Move the tip of the pointer to the desired location, then

press and release the button on the left side of the mouse two times in rapid succession.

Double- Click

Move the tip of the pointer to the desired location, then press and release the button on the right side of the mouse.Right -Click

Move the tip of the pointer to the desired location, then press and hold the button on the left side of the mouse. Move the mouse to drag the pointer to a new location.

Drag

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Mouse Alternative for Notebook Computers

• A pointing stick: a small knob on some notebook key boards, controls a pointer on the screen like mouse does.

• A touch pad: a small rectangular flat area senses the position of the finger.

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3. Microphones Pick up sounds, and convert it into analogsignals, and then the sound is converted intobinary numbers.

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Output Components

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1. Monitors• Older computer uses a display called a monitors

that uses a glass picture tube called cathode ray tube (CRT).

• CRTs monitors tend to be large and heavy due to the long , glass picture tube.

• Portable computers uses liquid crystal display(LCD).

• An LCD uses a fluorescent light behind a flat panel.

• Resolution : the number of pixels per inch displayed on the screen.

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2. Printers• printers place ink on paper in patterns that

resemble text or pictures.

• Types of printers:

1- Impact printers: uses typewriter technology

2- Dot matrix printers: produces patterns of dots.

3- Laser printers: use powder ink (toner)

4- Ink-jet printers: use liquid ink with four colors

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3. SpeakersOutputting the sound

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Input and Output Components

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1. Optical Discs• Discs: are media used to store information using

optical methods.

• Optical Disc: Information is stored on a media that uses optical methods (light).

• For all types of discs(CD, DVD, Blu-ray),There are three version of optical discs:1. -ROM : Read Only

2. -R : recordable one time, read as many times as you like

3. -RW : erased and recorded (written and erased) many times

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• Types of optical discs:1.CD-ROM: comes with information written in it.

The software you buy comes in CD-ROM 2. CD-R: the process of writing data to an optical

disc is: burning3.DVD- ROM: (Digital Video Disc). Recording on

DVDs can be done on two different layers (4.7 gigabytes) and on both sides of the disc(17 gigabytes).

4. Blue- Ray Disc : new type of DVD enables storing 25 gigabytes on a single-layer disc, and 50 gigabytes on a double layer disc.

(BD-ROM, BD-R, BD-RE).

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2. External Hard Drive:

Used for:

1 . supplementary storage

2. backup of important data file

3. move large amount of data between computers

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3. FLASH MEMORY• Uses integrated circuits

• Slower than RAM.

• Does not require constant power.

• Plugs into USB drives(flash, thumb drives).

• Types:

– Compact flash cards (for more expensive cameras)

– Secure Digital (SD) cards, Micro SD cards (for cameras, cell phones, smartphones, PDA)

– Flash hard drives (for notebook computers)

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