Basic Lubricant Knowledge

BY: AUNG KHAING HTUN LUBE ENGINEER MJL & AKT PETROLEUM LTD.

AIM

• To get knowledge about lubricants and additives

• To know types of lubricant

What is lubricant?

Properties of lubrication

Basic Lubricant Knowledge

Classification of lubricantsAdditives

What is lubricant?

• The substances which are used to decrease the force of friction between the moving parts of machine in contact

• All liquids will provide lubrication to a degree• There are two main groups, oil lubricants and grease

lubricants

Basic Lubricant Knowledge

Properties of lubricant• Viscosity• Viscosity Index• Pour Point• Flash Point• Consistency or penetration number (Grease)• Dropping Point (Grease)• Structural Stability

Basic Lubricant Knowledge

Viscosity

• One of the main properties of any oil lubricant• Is the measure of a lubricant’s resistant to flow• Measured by petroleum industry in centistokes,

which numerically equal to mm2/s• First consideration in selecting lubricant oil for

specific applications

Properties of lubricant

ViscosityProperties of lubricant

Operation condition VS viscosity needed

• Higher load requires high viscosity• Higher temperature requires higher viscosity• Increased speed requires lower viscosity

Viscosity index

• The property of resisting changes in viscosity due to changes in temperature

• The higher the VI number of oil, the less tendency for its viscosity to change with the changes in temperature

Properties of lubricant

Pour Point

• The lowest temperature at which the oil will flow

Properties of lubricant

Flash Point

• Minimum temperature at which sufficient liquid is vaporized to create a mixture of fuel and air that will burn if exposed to a source of spark

Properties of lubricant

Consistency or penetration number (grease)

• Is defined as its resistibility to deformation under an applied force, in other words its relative stiffness or hardness

Properties of lubricant

Dropping point

• The temperature at which the oil separates from the thickener

Properties of lubricant

Structural stability

• The ability of the grease to resist changes in consistency during mechanical working

Properties of lubricant

Classification of lubricantsBased on condition• Solid lubricants• Semi solid lubricants• Liquid lubricantsBased on use• Automotive lubricants• Industrial lubricants• Special lubricants

Basic Lubricant Knowledge

Classification of lubricants (Cont’d)Based on grade• Multi grade lubricants• Mono grade lubricantsBased on source• Mineral based lubricants• Synthetic based lubricants

Basic Lubricant Knowledge

Mineral based lubricants

• The mineral lubricants get from crude oil through refine.• Need to add additives, usually 10%

Classification of lubricants

Synthetic based lubricants

• Is a lubricant consisting of chemical compounds that are artificially made (synthesized).

• Synthetic lubricants can be manufactured using chemically modified petroleum components rather than whole crude oil

Classification of lubricants

Semisolid lubricants

• Greases• An oil with thickening agent added

Classification of lubricants

Solid lubricants

• There are many types of solid lubricant used for different applications

• Synthetic, metallic or mineral powders such as PTFE (Teflon), copper, graphite

Classification of lubricants

AdditivesBasic Lubricant Knowledge

Question?

THANKS!