Basic Research Article Template

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INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS

Basic Research Articles

BASIC RESEARCH ARTICLES (Fewer than 3000 words)

DEFINITION: Articles using laboratory ethods to e!"lore the echaniss in#ol#ed inthe usculos$eletal syste or e!"loring the e%%ects o% treatent&

• 'ust %ollow the GUIDELINES in Writing for Clinical Orthopaedics and Related

Research

• 'ust organie as a QUESTION-DRIVEN te!t& Authors should "ose two to %our

s"eci%ic uestions (or "ur"oses or hy"otheses) in the Introduction and then ha#e two

to %our corres"onding "aragra"hs in *esults and Discussion& (+y"otheses are bestreser#ed %or e!"erients e!"loring alternati#e echaniss&) ,uestions or "ur"oses

ust be "osed in ters o% study #ariables to be addressable& -erha"s the bestuestions are those that can be uneui#ocally answered. /yes or /no by the studydesign& These are eant to %ocus the reader on the essages you thin$ are ost

i"ortant& -ur"oses or uestions such as /what are the results1 are #ague. are not

"osed in ters o% the study #ariables. and do not de%ine which %indings you thin$ areost i"ortant& *ather as$: does techniue ! alter outcoe y. does %actor ! i"ro#e

e!"ression o% y1. etc& 2hile all data rele#ant to the uestions should a""ear in tables

or %igures. not all data need be re"eated in the te!t&

• 'ust use te!t TEMPLATE %or guide: see !el"#$&

A%th"rshi& ( Na#igate below)

2e belie#e it i"ortant to docuent the adeuate "artici"ation o% all authors in at least

three aor eleents o% a study and re"ort4 the nuber o% authors will generally relate to

the sco"e o% the "roect& 2hile we ha#e no strict liits. 5asic *esearch Articlesgenerally reuire no ore than 6 authors& E!ce"tions ay include authorshi" %or certain

ultidisci"linary studies. ulti7institutional studies. and 8e#els I7II studies ("ros"ecti#e

studies that in#ol#e ore "lanning. organiation. and rigor)& In all cases. howe#er.ulti"le contributions o% each author ust be docuented in our reuired %or

addressing co"yright trans%er. authorshi". and con%licts o% interest& Authors are

encouraged to read /Thoughts on Authorshi" Clin Orthop Rel Res 9004 ;


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• I% any author has directly recei#ed research %unding and?or has "otential con%licts o%

interest. @tate One or ore o% the authors () has recei#ed %unding %ro and note the

source and the initials o% those authors who recei#ed %unding in the "arentheses&

• I% your institution recei#ed any sort o% su""ort state. The institution o% the authors

has recei#ed %unding %ro and note the source&

• I% you recei#ed no %inancial su""ort "lease note. Each author certi%ies that he or she

has no coercial associations (eg. consultancies. stoc$ ownershi". euity interest.

"atent?licensing arrangeents. etc) that ight "ose a con%lict o% interest in connectionwith the subitted article&

• I% you or any author ha#e recei#ed or ay recei#e any "ersonal "ayent or in7$ind

bene%it or other "ro%essional bene%its %ro a coercial entity (eg. ser#e as a

consultant). "lease note. Each author certi%ies that he or she has or ay recei#e

"ayents or bene%its %ro a coercial entity related to this wor$&

Ethical Re*ie# C"))ittee State)e't ( Na#igate below)

'anuscri"ts in#ol#ing huans or huan data or anials ust be acco"anied by a co"y

o% the letter %ro your ethical coittee a""ro#ing your study&

PLEASE REMOVE ALL INSTRUCTIONS PRIOR TO UPLOADING +INAL

DRA+T TO EDITORIAL MANAGER

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Te"late %or 5asic *esearch Article

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TITLE PAGE

This "age ust include the %ollowing:

• Title (containing %ewer than 0 characters including s"aces)

•

*unning title (containing %ewer than ;0 characters including s"aces)• Author nae(s) and %inal degree(s) (ust %ollow authorshi" guidelines)

• The a%%iliation(s). and address(es). and e7ail addresses o% all author(s)

• >on%lict o% interest stateent

• Ethical re#iew coittee stateent

• A stateent o% the location where the wor$ was "er%ored (only i% authors %ro

ulti"le institutions)

• 2ord >ount (Introduction through Discussion): Benerally liit anuscri"ts to

%ewer than 3000 words&

• The >orres"onding Author nae and e7ail address (ust be sae as

>orres"onding Author in Editorial 'anager)&

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A!stract Cour Abstract ust be structured with the %ollowing %i#e sections and contain

%ewer than 960 words&

•

5ac$ground

• ,uestions?"ur"oses (logically %ollows 5ac$ground)

• 'ethods (includes study design and ethods)

• *esults (answers to uestions?"ur"oses)

• >onclusions (synthesis o% literature and %indings)

• >linical *ele#ance

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I'tr",%cti"' (a!iu o% 600 words)

• All anuscri"ts ust contain an Introduction. ty"ically three to %our "aragra"hs&

• 2e reuire a %esti"'.&%r&"se %orat: generally %orulate two to %our uestions or

"ur"oses&

• 2e suggest one "aragra"h o% bac$ground (citing rele#ant literature). one or two o%

rationale. and a (i'al &ara/ra&h "'l0 stati'/ the %esti"'s "r &%r&"ses "( the

st%,01

• The %irst uestion or "ur"ose should be the "riary (ost i"ortant) uestion or that

used to deterine statistical "ower when a""ro"riate& These uestions?"ur"oses are

listed in the last "aragra"h o% the Introduction. answered seuentially in the *esults.

and each should be su%%iciently i"ortant that their answers would also a""ear in the

Abstract&

Materials a', Meth",s

• @tudy design

• -ower analysis (i% ore than one grou")

• Descri"tion o% e!"eriental ani"ulations or surgery i% any

• Descri"tion o% outcoe easures

• @tatistical analysis i% any4 the descri"tion o% a statistical analysis ust re%lect the

uestions and study design&

Res%lts (a!iu o% 600 words)

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• 5egin with any "aragra"h needed to "ersuade the reader o% the #alidity o% your

ethods i% using a new or un#alidated ethod&

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Ne!t "ro#ide one "aragra"h %or each e!"licit uestion& Ensure a "'e-t"-"'e

c"rres&"',e'ce t" the %esti"'s raise, i' the I'tr",%cti"' "'e &ara/ra&h ("r

each %esti"'$1

• Cou ay end with a "aragra"h or two o% unantici"ated results&

Disc%ssi"' (a!iu o% =000 words)

• 5egin with a restateent o% bac$ground and rationale&

• In the second "aragra"h brie%ly e!"lore and usti%y each aor study liitation. listing

in order o% i"ortance&

• Then #rite "'e &ara/ra&h ,isc%ssi'/ each %esti"' "r &%r&"se1 >o"are and?or

contrast your results with obser#ations or data %ro the literature& 2hen co"aring

substantial aounts o% data %ro the literature. "ro#ide a table or tables o%

co"arati#e data&

• End with a synthesis o% your results and those in the literature rather than only

conclusions %ro your own data&

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Ac2'"#le,/)e'ts

Note any non%inancial ac$nowledgents& 5egin with. /2e than$1 and note the nature

o% the contribution&

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Re(ere'ces

• Ensure your re%erences are co"lete and in al"habetical order and "ro"er %orat

(odi%ied A'A style 7 "lease see our "ublished instructions on our 2ebsite)&

• In7te!t citations should a""ear be%ore coas and "eriods and located in a sentence

iediately a%ter the "oint they are docuenting&

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Le/e',s

• -ro#ide brie% legends to include the aor "oint&

• Figure legends should be written in co"lete sentences&

• Illustrations with ulti"le %igures (eg. =A. =5. =>) ust be labeled A. 5. and >

in the lower le%t hand corner& Each illustration reuires a se"arate legend&

• Figures should be u"loaded and se"arately labeled in Editorial 'anager&

• >olor illustrations should be used %or anatoical "hotogra"hs. "hotoicrogra"hs.

co"le! gra"hics4 blac$ and white should be used %or other illustrations including

ost histogras&

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Documents

Basic Research Article Template