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8/8/2019 Basics of Linux Presnt(Final Pres)
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BASICS OF LINUX/UNIX
Presented by :-
Rohit Ranjan
TM/10/013
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WHAT IS UNIX
Collection of software known as an operating
system (OS) that runs on most computers.
The OS software is the means by which theuser communicates with the computer's central
processing unit (CPU) and memory by means of
a keyboard and mouse (for input) and display
monitor (for output), in order to perform
computations.
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The OS software is also responsible forcommunications between the CPU/memory and
the computer's other peripherals such as disks,
tapes, printers, networks, etc. The OS ensures that no two users can access the
same device (CPU, memory, peripherals) at the
same time; one is allowed to proceed while the
other is forced to wait until the device is no longer
busy.
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THE UNIX NUT: KERNEL AND SHELL
The main control program in a UNIX OS is called
the kernel.
when the user types commands on the
keyboard they are read by another program in
the OS called a shell which parses, checks,
translates and massages them in various ways,
then passes them to the kernel for execution.
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KERNEL
Core of an operating system
Interacts with the hardware
First program to get loaded when the systemstarts and runs till the session gets terminated
Different from BIOS which is hardware
dependent. Kernel is software dependent
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SHELL
Program that interacts with kernel
Bridge between kernel and the user
Command interpreter
User can type command and the command isconveyed to the kernel and it will be executed
Modern shells aim to reduce the amount the userhas to type by providing facilities such as
command recall and edit, command spellingcorrection and "wildcard" characters (characters infilenames that represent multiple possibilities).
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UNIX FILE SYSTEM
The following lists the most common directories and theirintended contents.
/ - root directory/home - where directories are contained for each user.
/usr - pronounced 'user' and contains Linux commands
and utilities/bin - binary executable programs/lib - program libraries, similar to Windows 'dll' files
/sbin - more executable programs and Linux utilities for
administrative purposes/doc - documentation
/src - source code to programs/tmp - temporary work files
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FILEMANAGEMENT COMMANDS
mkdir - creating directory
mkdir dirname
rmdir removing directory and its contents
rmdir dirname
cd Change directory
cd dirpath
cp Copying files cp file1 file2
mv Moving or renaming files
mv oldfile newfile
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Listing files in a directory
ls Lists all files in a directory
ls a Lists all files (including hidden files) ls l Lists files in a directory along with
owner information, permission etc
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A "wildcard" characters in filenames, technically
called filename globbing. The * character in a filename represents any
string of characters, including no characters;the ? character represents any single character;
a string of characters between [ ] representsany one of those specific characters.
If there are files called "fee", "fie", "foe" and
"fum" in the current directory, the strings f* and
f?? would be expanded to the full list of names,whereas f?e and "f[eio]ewould be expanded to"fee fie foe" ("fum" doesn't match the last twopatterns).
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THANK YOU
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