BCS-CMW-4. Students will describe the major hardware and software components of a computer and their interactions.

BCS-CMW-4. Students will describe the major hardware and software components of a computer and their interactions. Ms. StewartComputing in the Modern WorldSouthwest High SchoolWhat is a computer?A programmable machine that can execute (carry out) a programmed list of instructions and respond to new instructions that it is given.

HardwarePhysical parts of the computer system.

Identify and define the key functional components (input devices, output devices, processor, operating system, software applications, memory, storage, etc).

Input DevicesDevices that allow you to enter/input information into the computer.

Examples: keyboard, mouse, keypad, scanner, microphone, joystick, digital camera, webcamInput Devices

Identify and define the key functional components (input devices, output devices, processor, operating system, software applications, memory, storage, etc).

Output DevicesDevices that deliver information back to the user (you). Think of the senses (can you see it, hear it, touch it?)

Examples: printer, monitor, speakers, headphonesOutput Devices

Identify and define the key functional components (input devices, output devices, processor, operating system, software applications, memory, storage, etc).

ProcessorAlso referred to as the CPU

Manufacturers: printer, monitor, speakers, headphones

Identify and define the key functional components (input devices, output devices, processor, operating system, software applications, memory, storage, etc). Operating System the overall program that controls all the other software programs and allows hardware devices to work properly.

Identify and define the key functional components (input devices, output devices, processor, operating system, software applications, memory, storage, etc).Software a set of instructions that make it possible for your computer to perform tasks.Also referred to as applications or programs.

Identify and define the key functional components (input devices, output devices, processor, operating system, software applications, memory, storage, etc).MemoryRead only memory (ROM): permanentRandom access memory (RAM): temporaryStorage devices

Understand the terms and units that are used to describe major hardware components (RAM, ROM, GHz, GB, MB, MHz, CD, DVD, RW, etc).

Megabyte (MB) a measure of computer storage capacity equal to 1 million bytes

Gigabyte (GB) a measure of computer storage capacity equal to 1 billion bytes

Understand the terms and units that are used to describe major hardware components (RAM, ROM, GHz, GB, MB, MHz, CD, DVD, RW, etc).

Megahertz (MHz) computer processing speed one million cycles per second.

Gigahertz (GHz) computer processing speed one billion cycles per second.

Understand the terms and units that are used to describe major hardware components (RAM, ROM, GHz, GB, MB, MHz, CD, DVD, RW, etc).Compact disk (CD) optical disk on which a program, data, music, etc. is digitally encoded for a laser beam to scan, decode, or transmit back to a playback system.

Understand the terms and units that are used to describe major hardware components (RAM, ROM, GHz, GB, MB, MHz, CD, DVD, RW, etc).Digital Video Disk (DVD) an optical disk that can store a very large amount of digital data, as text, music, or images.

Rewritable (RW) allows a user to write (burn), erase, and rewrite data on them, just as it can be done with magnetic drives and media.

Sound cardFacilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer.

Heat sink/fanPiece of metal with cooling fins that can be attached to or mounted on an integrated chip (such as the CPU) to dissipate heat.

Modem cardDevice used to connect the computer to a telephone line, often for the purpose of connecting to on-line services.

Network cardAn expansion card that is installed in an available slot in a computer so that it may connect and communicate to another computer.

PortSpecialized outlet on a piece of equipment to which a plug or cable connects.

Power supplyConverts the power from a wall outlet into the lower voltages required internally in the computer.

System unitMain body of a desktop computer, typically consisting of a metal or plastic enclosure containing the motherboard, power supply, cooling fans, internal disk drives, and the memory modules and expansion cards that are plugged into the motherboard.

BIOSStands for "Basic Input Output System" gives the computer a little built-in starter kit to run the rest of software from floppy disks (FDD) and hard disks (HDD). The BIOS is responsible for booting the computer by providing a basic set of instructions.

Optical drive -Uses a laser and lens to read and write data.

Hard drive device used to store large amounts of data in a computer system.

Motherboard Main circuitry board of the computer.

Describe the interaction between functional components in the execution of a software application.

To make the computer do something useful, you must give it instructions in either of the following two ways:Write a program that tells a computer what to do, step by step, much as you write out a recipe.Buy a program that someone else has already written that tells the computer what to do.

Describe the interaction between functional components in the execution of a software application. A program does nothing more than tell the computer how to: accept some type of input, manipulate that input, and spit it back out again in some form that humans find useful. Type of ProgramInputWhat the Program DoesOutputWord processorCharacters you type from the keyboardFormats the text; corrects spellingDisplays and prints neatly organized textGameKeystrokes or joystick movementsCalculates how fast and far to move a cartoon figure on-screenMoves a cartoon figure on-screenStock-market predictorCurrent and past prices for stocksTries to recognize trends in a stock's price fluctuationsPredicts the future price of a stockMissile guidance programCurrent location of the missile and the targetCalculates how to make the missile's location and the target's location coincideCorrects the trajectory so that it stays aimed at the targetOptical character recognition (OCR)Text from a scannerRecognizes shapes of charactersConverts scanned text into a text file that a word processor can editWeb browserHyperText Markup Language (HTML) codes on other computersConverts the HTML codes into text and graphicsDisplays Web pages on-screen