1 PPT-SM-BBS

2014 Copyright © 2014 by PEC Safety Management, Inc.

Behavior Based Safety

Behavior Based Safety • Behavior based safety (BBS) is a process that helps

you and your coworkers identify and choose a safe behavior over an unsafe one

• For BBS to work, all levels of company workers and management must work together

• BBS looks at how three things interact to improve safety – Person – Work Environment – Behavior

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Dr. Geller’s Safety Triad Three elements of the safety triad • Person – knowledge, skills, abilities, intelligence,

motives, personality, attitudes, and values • Environment – equipment, tools, machines,

housekeeping, heat/cold, engineering, materials, safety rules, standards, operating procedures

• Behavior – complying, coaching, recognizing, communicating, actively caring

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Dr. Geller’s Safety Triad To ensure safety • Actively care about environment and improving

workplace conditions • Acknowledge personal rights and motivate

workers to be safe • Reduce at-risk behaviors and increase safe

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Principles of Behavior Based Safety

Basic principles of BBS • Behavior is a cause of accidents • Observe – measure – manage • Feedback is essential to improvement • Consequences motivate behavior • Communication is the key • Participation creates ownership • Continuous improvement happens when we work together • Be proactive rather than reactive

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Behavior versus Attitude • Behavior - what you do • Attitude - what you think, feel, or believe

– BBS strives to instill a safety-oriented attitude – A bad attitude may result in

o Committing an unsafe act o Failing to do something you should or could have

done to prevent an accident – Many accidents are directly related to workers’

attitudes

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Behavior versus Attitude • Your attitude and behavior

(actions) create the proper atmosphere for safety

• It is vital that you and every worker be involved in creating a safety atmosphere

• Supervisors and managers must lead by example

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The three A’s of safety • Atmosphere • Attitude • Actions

Behavior versus Attitude Barriers to safe behavior • Untrained or unskilled workers • Complacency • Disagreement on safe practices • Personal choice • Culture • Ineffective management systems • Inappropriate rewards • Poor facilities and equipment

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ABC Model One way to look at how changing your behavior can improve safety is the ABC Model • A = Activator – triggers behavior • B = Behavior – what we do • C = Consequence – reinforcement or

punishment

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ABC Model • Your attitude (the activator) affects how you behave • Your behavior has consequences

– Consequences can either reinforce or deter a behavior – Positive reinforcement enforces safe behavior – Negative reinforcement deters unsafe behavior

• BBS training attempts to reduce work-related injuries by creating a culture of safe behavior through – Observation – Feedback – Positive intervention

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Situations of Accident Potential

Look out for situations of accident potential (SOAP) • Recognize potential hazards or safety problems • Fix these problems before you start a job • Observe SOAP when you get to the jobsite • Be proactive • Recognize threats that may not be immediately obvious

– A slippery spot on the ground – A nail sticking up in a board

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Building a BBS Program Four Key Components to BBS Programs 1. Correct behavior list

– Determine the safe way to do the job

2. Observation card – Observe and record unsafe behaviors

3. Feedback process – Deliver feedback immediately following an observation

4. Measurement tool – BBS is an ongoing process

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Correct Behavior List • Identify unsafe behaviors • Determine the alternate safe behavior • Use this list to know what to look for in

observation

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Observation Process • Know how to observe for

– Unsafe acts – Unsafe conditions – SOAP

• Know how to – Stop work – Correct unsafe behaviors – Report unsafe behaviors to management

o Workers must not be penalized for reporting unsafe behaviors

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Observation Process Six steps to observation process 1. Observe

– Observe the job to make sure you understand what the worker is doing and provide necessary feedback

2. Understand – Communicate effectively; make sure the workers

understand why their behavior is unsafe 3. Identify alternate behavior

– Coach the worker in the correct, safe behavior and allow change for safer way of getting the job done

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Observation Process 4. Clarify commitment

– Make it clear that workers are committed to doing the job safely through feedback and positive intervention

5. Obtain agreement – Workers must agree to change unsafe behavior to an

alternate safe behavior 6. Observe to follow-up

– Observe workers at a later date to make sure they are using the safe behavior; reinforce the safe behavior with positive feedback

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Feedback Process • Deliver feedback immediately following an

observation • Safe behavior observed

– Feedback should acknowledge and reinforce it • Unsafe behavior observed

– Identify cause of unsafe behavior – Explain why the behavior was unsafe – Offer an alternative safe behavior

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Feedback Process • It is important that feedback be positive • The feedback process should detail better,

safer ways to do the job • Organize safety meetings to reinforce

feedback • You are part of a team • Your goal should be to make a positive

change to a safer work environment 18

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Measurement Tool • BBS must be an ongoing process • For BBS to work, everyone needs to be

involved • Companies that see results from BBS

– Keep up data entry – Use performance charts – Use observation reports – Set specific safety goals

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Roles and Responsibilities of BBS

Managers • Provide oversight for supervisors • Understand the BBS process • Eliminate organizational issues

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Roles and Responsibilities of BBS Supervisors • Keep all personal observation data confidential • Ensure that no disciplinary actions are taken because of

observation • Provide enough time for workers to perform observations

and properly document them • Understand what the data is saying about safety

performance • Remove any barriers to safe behavior • Make BBS a part of daily operations for themselves and

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Roles and Responsibilities of BBS Workers • Develop a positive safety attitude • Participate in BBS training • Understand and participate in BBS process • Participate in safety meetings that support the BBS

process • Keep an eye on fellow coworkers • Take a direct role in making sure everyone is

working safely

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Roles and Responsibilities of BBS

Safety/Steering Committee • Develop action plan based on reported

observations • Communicate issues at safety meetings • Make safety recommendations to management • Provide BBS training to ensure all workers are

using the program consistently

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PPT-SM-BBS 2014 24

Safety Meeting Quiz: Behavior-Based SafetySign and date this quiz sheet. Circle the letter representing the correct answer to each quiz question below.

Name:©

2014 PEC Safety, Inc.

QUIZ-SM-BEHAVIOR-BASED SAFETYREV. JAN.24 2014

Date:

1. BBS is a process that helps you and your coworkers choose a safe behavior over an unsafe one.

A. trueB. false

2. A. what you doB. what you think, feel, or believeC. a situation of accident potentialD. committing an unsafe act

3. A. what you doB. what you think, feel, or believeC. a situation of accident potentialD. committing an unsafe act

4. You attitude has no effect on your behavior. A. trueB. false

5. A. triggers behaviorB. is what you doC. can either reinforce or deter a behaviorD. all of the above

6. A. immediatelyB. in a safety meetingC. privatelyD. publicly

7. A. positiveB. negativeC. neutralD. none of the above

8. A. a supervisorB. a managerC. an operatorD. everyone

9. A. keeping an eye on fellow coworkersB. developing a positive safety attitudeC. participating in BBS trainingD. all of the above

10. A. trueB. false

Behavior-Based Safety

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2. A

3. B

4. B

5. C

6. A

7. A

8. D

9. D

10. A

This is to certify that

has successfully completed thePEC Safety Meeting

Date AwardedInstructor

Behavior Based Safety