Belg 2000 Seasonal Livelihoods Assessment:

Summary of Results

HEA Framework: Overview

HEA starts with an understanding of how

households live in a reference period….

This assessment has been conducted using the Household Economy Approach (HEA) to analysing livelihoods and assessing food security.

HEA Framework: Overview

…then it incorporates the impact of a shock in

the current year….

Survival ThresholdSurvival Threshold

Livelihoods Protection ThresholdLivelihoods Protection Threshold

HEA Framework: Overview

…and finally looks at how people might be able to cope in relation to

two thresholds.

Survival ThresholdSurvival Threshold

Livelihoods Protection ThresholdLivelihoods Protection ThresholdGap

HEA Framework: OverviewThe analysis suggests that post-shock,

households will not be able to maintain their normal livelihood assets without

assistance.

Raya Valley Sorghum and Teff Livelihood Zone Production: Rainfed mixed agricultureAgro-ecological zone: Kolla (lowland)Main consumption crops: sorghum, teff, maizeMain cash crops: teff, sorghum, maizeMain livestock: cattle, goats, sheep, chickensMarket access: goodOther economic activities: local agricultural work, petty trade, salt tradeHazards: erratic rainfall (once per 3 years), chronic crop pests and livestock diseasesResponse of poor: switching expenditure to staple food, consuming rather than selling low-value cropsWoredas: Raya Azebo, Alamata, Hintalo Weijirat

Alaje-Ofla Highland Livelihood Zone Production: Rainfed mixed agricultureAgro-ecological zone: Dega (highland)Main consumption crops: wheat, barley, pulses, maizeMajor cash crops: pulses, wheat, barleyMain livestock: cattle, sheep, chickens, goatsMarket access: mediumOther economic activities: local and migrant agricultural work, petty tradeHazards: drought (once per 3 years), chronic crop pests and livestock diseasesResponse of poor: switching expenditure to staple food, consuming rather than selling low-value cropsWoredas: Alaje, Ofla, Endamahoni, Hintalo Weijirat

LIVELIHOOD ZONES OF TIGRAY REGION:

Baseline assessments were conducted in the

region between October and March 1999 (EC) for the reference period October 1998 – September 1999

Seasonal Assessment Steps

• Seasonal assessment team members trained over 2 days

• Team briefed by DPPB officials before spending over two weeks (DATES) in the field visiting (XXX) woredas in XXXX, XXXXX & XXXX zones.

• Meetings held with woreda officials to discuss the food security situation and to gather crop, livestock, price and "other" information for the current meher season. Interviews also held in each woreda with traders.

• Team conducted three days of analysis and report writing (DATES) using the Livelihood Impact Analysis Sheet (LIAS).

• The analysis involved comparing reference year with the current year.

• Beneficiaries generated by HEA analysis for each woreda (without including safety nets contribution) were compared with PSNP beneficiary numbers.

The Integrated Spreadsheet

Sheet C: Crop production

Sheet L: Livestock production

Sheet M: Market prices

Sheet O: Other sources of Food and Cash

The analysis is carried out using an excel spreadsheet that stores the baseline data and accepts data on current production and market conditions

The Integrated Spreadsheet

On Sheet C, crop production data is entered for the current and reference years, and the IS calculates the problem specification automatically

Current year production

Problem specification

Reference year productionNeed only be entered into one column of the reference table

Weather: Belg 2000

• The onset

• Quantity and quality

• Duration

• Implications for crops and livelihoods

Belg 2000 crops – area planted

Overview by zone

Belg 2000 crops - production

• Overview by zone

Meher 2000 crop prospects

• Overview by zone

Livestock• WATER:

• HEALTH:

• FEED:

• LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS:

• HERD SIZES:

• MIGRATION:

Market conditions• The analysis compared projected prices for the current year (now &

December) with prices for the reference year in the same period.

• STAPLE FOOD:

• CROPS:

• LIVESTOCK :

• LABOUR:

Market conditions – continued

• INFLATION: Overall inflation was XXX% (according to CSA data). The inflation rate for food was XXX%. The PSNP cash injection is not increasing with inflation, which means that it is losing real value significantly year by year.

Water, Education, Health

• HEALTH:

• WATER:

• EDUCATION:

PSNP and Relief DistributionsOverview by zone

Food Security Prospects - discussion

• Overview by zone

Food Security Prospects - Figures

Administrative

Zone

Woreda Total HEA beneficiaries estimated in the Belg seasonal Assessment (1)

Number of registered PSNP beneficiaries – 2008 (2)

HEA-PSNP (3)

Severity High: Below S Threshold (Y/N) (4)

Duration assistance required in months

Starting Month

Food Security Prospects - discussion continued

• Overview by zone

Food Security Prospects - Figures continued

Administrative

Zone

Woreda Total HEA beneficiaries estimated in the Belg seasonal Assessment (1)

Number of registered PSNP beneficiaries – 2008 (2)

HEA-PSNP (3)

Severity High: Below S Threshold (Y/N) (4)

Duration assistance required in months

Starting Month

Food Security Prospects: Analysis ExampleREPLACE WITH AN EXAMPLE FROM THE REGION

Analysis was conducted for every combination of woreda and livelihood zone. The deficits illustrated here disappear when the PSNP contribution is incorporated into the analysis.

Food Security Prospects: Analysis ExampleREPLACE WITH EXAMPLE FROM REGION

Analysis was conducted for every combination of woreda and livelihood zone. The deficits illustrated here disappear when the PSNP contribution is incorporated into the analysis.

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