Beliefs Beliefs and and

Contradictions Contradictions

in Islamin IslamDr. Daniel Shayesteh

What will we coverWhat will we cover

What Muslims BelieveWhat Muslims BelieveForms of IslamForms of Islam

Five Things a Muslim Must Five Things a Muslim Must BelieveBelieve

It is not righteousness that ye turn your It is not righteousness that ye turn your faces to the East and the West; but faces to the East and the West; but righteous is he who believeth in Allah and righteous is he who believeth in Allah and the Last Day and the angels and the the Last Day and the angels and the Scripture and the prophets; … (Q.2:177)Scripture and the prophets; … (Q.2:177) Belief in AllahBelief in Allah Belief in the Last DayBelief in the Last Day Belief in angelsBelief in angels Belief in scriptureBelief in scripture Belief in prophetsBelief in prophets

Creed for ConversionCreed for ConversionHow do you become a Muslim?How do you become a Muslim?

By saying the Islamic Creed:By saying the Islamic Creed:

Then you live the Islamic way of life, or Sharia by Then you live the Islamic way of life, or Sharia by following Muhammad as the best example in following Muhammad as the best example in Islam (Q.24:54; 33:21; 68:4)Islam (Q.24:54; 33:21; 68:4)

Reciting a Creed Only?Reciting a Creed Only?

Why do you become Muslim by just Why do you become Muslim by just reciting a creed only?reciting a creed only?Because, no one is able to understand Because, no one is able to understand

the words of Allah:the words of Allah:… … , but , but no one knows its hidden meanings no one knows its hidden meanings

except Allahexcept Allah … (Q.3:7). … (Q.3:7).… … If I (Muhammad) had knowledge of the If I (Muhammad) had knowledge of the

unseen (God’s secrets), I should have unseen (God’s secrets), I should have multiplied all good, and no evil should have multiplied all good, and no evil should have touched me (Q.7:188).touched me (Q.7:188).

It is not good to have zeal without It is not good to have zeal without knowledge (Prov.19:2).knowledge (Prov.19:2).

Islam Means SurrenderingIslam Means Surrendering Islam means Islam means surrendering surrendering more than more than

believing based on knowledge and believing based on knowledge and personal decision:personal decision: The bedouins say: "We believe." Say: "You The bedouins say: "We believe." Say: "You

believe not but you only say, 'We have believe not but you only say, 'We have surrendered (in Islâm),' for Faith has not yet surrendered (in Islâm),' for Faith has not yet entered your hearts. But if you obey Allâh and entered your hearts. But if you obey Allâh and His Messenger, He will not decrease anything His Messenger, He will not decrease anything in reward for your deeds. Verily, Allâh is Oft-in reward for your deeds. Verily, Allâh is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (Q.49:14).Forgiving, Most Merciful." (Q.49:14).

True God?True God?Allah is the one true God, Muslims Allah is the one true God, Muslims

believebelieveHe is transcendent and unknownHe is transcendent and unknownNothing can be associated with Nothing can be associated with

AllahAllahThose who believe in Trinity are infidels, Those who believe in Trinity are infidels,

cursed and they belong to hell (Q.9:29-30; cursed and they belong to hell (Q.9:29-30; 66:9)66:9)

O ye people of the Book! …say not, “Three: O ye people of the Book! …say not, “Three: ‘…‘…(Q.4:171)(Q.4:171)

True God?True God? God is not Trion God and Jesus is not GodGod is not Trion God and Jesus is not God

Surely, disbelievers are those who said: "Allâh is Surely, disbelievers are those who said: "Allâh is the third of the three (in a Trinity)." But there is the third of the three (in a Trinity)." But there is no no god god but One but One God God . And if they cease not from . And if they cease not from what they say, verily, a painful torment will befall what they say, verily, a painful torment will befall the disbelievers among them (Q.5:73). the disbelievers among them (Q.5:73).

Surely, in disbelief are they who say that God is the Surely, in disbelief are they who say that God is the Messiah, son of Maryam (Mary). Say: "Who then has the Messiah, son of Maryam (Mary). Say: "Who then has the least power against God, if He were to destroy the least power against God, if He were to destroy the Messiah, son of Maryam (Mary), his mother, and all Messiah, son of Maryam (Mary), his mother, and all those who are on the earth together?" And to God those who are on the earth together?" And to God belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them. He creates what He wills. And all that is between them. He creates what He wills. And God is Able to do all things (Q.5:17, also read v.72). God is Able to do all things (Q.5:17, also read v.72).

True God?True God? God does not have a sonGod does not have a son

It is not befitting to God that He should beget a son. It is not befitting to God that He should beget a son. Glory be to Him! when He determines a matter, He Glory be to Him! when He determines a matter, He only says to it, "Be", and it is only says to it, "Be", and it is (Q.19:35).(Q.19:35).

They say: “God has begotten a son!“ Indeed ye They say: “God has begotten a son!“ Indeed ye have put forth a thing most monstrous! At it the have put forth a thing most monstrous! At it the skies are ready to burst, the earth to split asunder, skies are ready to burst, the earth to split asunder, and the mountains to fall down in utter ruin, That and the mountains to fall down in utter ruin, That they should invoke a son for God. For it is not they should invoke a son for God. For it is not consonant with the majesty of God that He should consonant with the majesty of God that He should beget a son. Not one of the beings in the heavens beget a son. Not one of the beings in the heavens and the earth but must come to God as a servant and the earth but must come to God as a servant (Q.19:88-93).(Q.19:88-93).

SAY: He is God alone: God the eternal! He SAY: He is God alone: God the eternal! He begetteth not, and He is not begotten; And there is begetteth not, and He is not begotten; And there is none like unto Him none like unto Him (Q.112).(Q.112).

True God?True God?Say: O People of the Scripture! Come Say: O People of the Scripture! Come

to an agreement [or common word] to an agreement [or common word] between us and you: that we shall between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him) (Q.3:64).surrendered (unto Him) (Q.3:64).

Seal of Prophets?Seal of Prophets? Muslims believe that Muhammad is the Muslims believe that Muhammad is the

last and seal of the prophetslast and seal of the prophets(Q.33:40).(Q.33:40). 124000 prophets and 315 apostles124000 prophets and 315 apostles ContradictionContradiction And We bestowed on him (Abraham), Isaac And We bestowed on him (Abraham), Isaac

and Jacob, and ordained among his and Jacob, and ordained among his offspring Prophethood and the Book all from offspring Prophethood and the Book all from the offspring of Abraham, and We granted the offspring of Abraham, and We granted him his reward in this world, and verily, in him his reward in this world, and verily, in the Hereafter he is indeed among the the Hereafter he is indeed among the righteous (Q.29:27). righteous (Q.29:27).

According to the Quran, Muhammad cannot be According to the Quran, Muhammad cannot be in the prophetic line, and also there cannot be in the prophetic line, and also there cannot be over 124000 prophets from the line of over 124000 prophets from the line of Abraham.Abraham.

Greatest of Prophets?Greatest of Prophets?Amongst prophets Noah, Amongst prophets Noah,

Abraham, David, Jesus and Abraham, David, Jesus and Muhammad are the greatest.Muhammad are the greatest.Only Jesus is sinless in the QuranOnly Jesus is sinless in the Quran

Muhammad called himself Muhammad called himself unlettered (Q.7:158)unlettered (Q.7:158) Dawud :: Book 30 : Hadith 3974Dawud :: Book 30 : Hadith 3974 Narrated Ubayy ibn Ka'b: Narrated Ubayy ibn Ka'b: The Prophet The Prophet

read the Qur'anic verseread the Qur'anic verse: "Thou hast : "Thou hast received (full) excuse from me (min received (full) excuse from me (min ladunni)" and put tashdid (doubling of ladunni)" and put tashdid (doubling of consonants) on nun (n).consonants) on nun (n).

AngelsAngelsThere are gThere are good and bad angelsood and bad angels

Gabriel, the head of good angelsGabriel, the head of good angelsSatan, the head of bad angels (jins)Satan, the head of bad angels (jins)In the Qur’an, sometime bad angels In the Qur’an, sometime bad angels

are good and do good things for are good and do good things for Islam:Islam:They are called the servants of Allah; they They are called the servants of Allah; they

serve Allah and prophets.serve Allah and prophets.Satan inspired in Muhammad (Q. 22:52).Satan inspired in Muhammad (Q. 22:52).A company of evils spirits listened to A company of evils spirits listened to

Muhammad’s words, trusted him and Muhammad’s words, trusted him and encouraged people to follow Islam (Q.72:1, encouraged people to follow Islam (Q.72:1, 13).13).

Life on EarthLife on EarthLife on earth is a period of Life on earth is a period of

examinationexamination in which every one in which every one prepares himself for the life to prepares himself for the life to comecome

The life is a battleground The life is a battleground between good and evilbetween good and evil

The predominance of good or The predominance of good or evil deeds in this world will bring evil deeds in this world will bring the relevant consequence after the relevant consequence after physical death; eternal life or physical death; eternal life or eternal deatheternal death

SalvationSalvation

Salvation is based on continuous Salvation is based on continuous purification by good deeds in purification by good deeds in this worldthis worldWhat are the good deeds?What are the good deeds?

Allah will do the measuring at Allah will do the measuring at judgment dayjudgment dayNo one is certain about his/her No one is certain about his/her

futurefutureMuslims believe that Allah may Muslims believe that Allah may

ignore their sins and forgive themignore their sins and forgive them

A Great ContradictionA Great Contradiction

Firstly, Allah said: Good deeds must Firstly, Allah said: Good deeds must outweigh bad deeds (Q.7: 6-9)outweigh bad deeds (Q.7: 6-9)

Secondly, Muhammad said: "The good Secondly, Muhammad said: "The good deeds of any person will not make him deeds of any person will not make him enter Paradise." The Prophet's companions enter Paradise." The Prophet's companions said, "Not even you, O Allah's Apostle?" He said, "Not even you, O Allah's Apostle?" He said, "Not even myself, unless Allah said, "Not even myself, unless Allah bestows His favor and bestows His favor and mercymercy ( (rahma) rahma) on on me." me." (Bukhari 7:577; also read Q.46:9 ).(Bukhari 7:577; also read Q.46:9 ).

Thirdly, Allah purifies Muslims in the life-Thirdly, Allah purifies Muslims in the life-after (Q.2:174 ; 3:77)after (Q.2:174 ; 3:77)

Fourthly, Allah predestines hell or paradise Fourthly, Allah predestines hell or paradise from eternity (Q.57:22). from eternity (Q.57:22).

No Future Certainty for No Future Certainty for MuhammadMuhammad

Bukhari :: Volume 6 :: Book 60 :: Hadith 378 Bukhari :: Volume 6 :: Book 60 :: Hadith 378 Narrated Masruq: I said to 'Aisha, "O Mother! Did Prophet Narrated Masruq: I said to 'Aisha, "O Mother! Did Prophet

Muhammad see his Lord?" Muhammad see his Lord?" Aisha saidAisha said, "What you have said , "What you have said makes my hair stand on end ! Know that if somebody tells makes my hair stand on end ! Know that if somebody tells you one of the following three things, he is a liar: you one of the following three things, he is a liar: Whoever Whoever tells you that Muhammad saw his Lord, is a liartells you that Muhammad saw his Lord, is a liar." ." Then Aisha recited the Verse: 'No vision can grasp Him, but Then Aisha recited the Verse: 'No vision can grasp Him, but His grasp is over all vision. He is the Most Courteous Well-His grasp is over all vision. He is the Most Courteous Well-Acquainted with all things.' (6.103) Acquainted with all things.' (6.103) 'It is not fitting for a 'It is not fitting for a human being that Allah should speak to him except human being that Allah should speak to him except by inspiration or from behind a veilby inspiration or from behind a veil.' (42.51) 'Aisha .' (42.51) 'Aisha further said, "further said, "And whoever tells you that the Prophet And whoever tells you that the Prophet knows what is going to happen tomorrow, is a liarknows what is going to happen tomorrow, is a liar." ." She then recited: She then recited: 'No soul can know what it will earn 'No soul can know what it will earn tomorrowtomorrow.' (31.34).' (31.34) She added: "And whoever tell you that She added: "And whoever tell you that he concealed (some of Allah's orders), is a liar." Then she he concealed (some of Allah's orders), is a liar." Then she recited: 'O Apostle! Proclaim (the Message) which has been recited: 'O Apostle! Proclaim (the Message) which has been sent down to you from your Lord..' (5.67) 'Aisha added. "But sent down to you from your Lord..' (5.67) 'Aisha added. "But the Prophet saw Gabriel in his true form twice." the Prophet saw Gabriel in his true form twice."

Judgment DayJudgment DayThere will be a judgment day There will be a judgment day

(be held in hell Q.19:67-72)(be held in hell Q.19:67-72)So by the lord without doubt we So by the lord without doubt we

((AllahAllah) shall gather them () shall gather them (righteousrighteous) ) together and also the evil ones with together and also the evil ones with them, then shall we bring them forth them, then shall we bring them forth on their knees round about Hell on their knees round about Hell (Q.19:67)(Q.19:67)

Those whose good deeds Those whose good deeds outweigh their bad deeds may be outweigh their bad deeds may be able to get out of hell and enter able to get out of hell and enter paradiseparadise

Compare Muhammad’s Future with the Compare Muhammad’s Future with the Future of Prophets in the BibleFuture of Prophets in the Bible

This people have committed a great sin, and they This people have committed a great sin, and they have made a god of gold for themselves. But have made a god of gold for themselves. But now, if You will, forgive their sin, and if not, now, if You will, forgive their sin, and if not, please blot me out of please blot me out of Your book Your book which You have which You have written! (Exodus 32:31-32)written! (Exodus 32:31-32)

… … there shall be a time of trouble, such as never there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation; until that time. And was since there was a nation; until that time. And at that time at that time your people your people shall be delivered, every shall be delivered, every one that one that shall be found written in the book shall be found written in the book (Dan.12:1).(Dan.12:1). The name of Moses, Daniel and others are in the book of The name of Moses, Daniel and others are in the book of

life.life.

Islam’s HeavenIslam’s Heaven

There will be a ParadiseThere will be a Paradise Paradise is a garden with flowing Paradise is a garden with flowing

streams, beautiful greenery, fruits streams, beautiful greenery, fruits and also many maidens for men and also many maidens for men (Q.2:25; 44:51-55). (Q.2:25; 44:51-55).

Islam promises Muslim males the Islam promises Muslim males the abundance of sexual pleasures in the abundance of sexual pleasures in the afterlife. If a Muslim male dies in the afterlife. If a Muslim male dies in the cause of jihad (war), he will enjoy a cause of jihad (war), he will enjoy a blissful union with virgins in paradise blissful union with virgins in paradise (Q.78:31; 37:40-48).(Q.78:31; 37:40-48). We (Allah) shall join them (righteous ones) We (Allah) shall join them (righteous ones)

to Companions with beautiful, big, and to Companions with beautiful, big, and lustrous eyes (Q.44:54; 52:20).lustrous eyes (Q.44:54; 52:20).

Islam’s HeavenIslam’s HeavenThere will be a paradise cont..There will be a paradise cont..

We have created (their Companions) of We have created (their Companions) of special creation. And made them virgin - special creation. And made them virgin - pure (and undefiled), -pure (and undefiled), -Beloved (by nature), equal in age, - For Beloved (by nature), equal in age, - For the Companions of the Right Hand the Companions of the Right Hand (Q.56:35-38).(Q.56:35-38).

For Muslim warriors there will also be For Muslim warriors there will also be young boys; they will be like scattered young boys; they will be like scattered pearls of perpetual freshness with cups pearls of perpetual freshness with cups of flowing of flowing winewine in their hands in their hands (Q.52:24; (Q.52:24; 56:17; 76:19). 56:17; 76:19).

Residences of HellResidences of HellQur’an says those who go to hell Qur’an says those who go to hell

their faces will turn blacktheir faces will turn blackOn the (Judgement) Day when some On the (Judgement) Day when some

faces will be faces will be whitewhite, and some faces will , and some faces will be be blackblack: To those whose faces will be : To those whose faces will be black, (will be said): "Did ye reject Faith black, (will be said): "Did ye reject Faith after accepting it? Taste then the after accepting it? Taste then the penalty for rejecting Faith.“ But those penalty for rejecting Faith.“ But those whose faces will be white,- they will be whose faces will be white,- they will be in (the light of) Allah’s mercy: therein to in (the light of) Allah’s mercy: therein to dwell (for ever) dwell (for ever) (Q.3:106-107).(Q.3:106-107).

The Five Pillars in IslamThe Five Pillars in Islam Prayer, fasting, religious payments,

pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca, and correcting others by the Sharia (protecting the Islamic code of behavior)

Every Muslims is obliged to pray five times daily Every Muslims is obliged to pray five times daily (at sunrise, mid-day, afternoon, sunset and at (at sunrise, mid-day, afternoon, sunset and at night before retiring)night before retiring)

Not many Muslims hold on the above practicesNot many Muslims hold on the above practices Giving to beggers is widely practicedGiving to beggers is widely practiced Giving in a religious way (Zakat) is not widely practiced Giving in a religious way (Zakat) is not widely practiced

in Islamic countries. Zakat is spent for the progress of in Islamic countries. Zakat is spent for the progress of Islam too (Q.9:60). Islam too (Q.9:60).

The Zakat money could be just as well used to buy a gun The Zakat money could be just as well used to buy a gun or a bomb as to feed poor Muslims only (Q.9:60). or a bomb as to feed poor Muslims only (Q.9:60).

Sign of the Last DaySign of the Last Day

Muhammad said: The Muhammad said: The MahdiMahdi will be will be of my family, of the descendants of of my family, of the descendants of FatimahFatimah (Dawud :: Book 36 : Hadith (Dawud :: Book 36 : Hadith 4271). 4271). He will establish a government in the He will establish a government in the

worldworld Jesus will come again to judge the Jesus will come again to judge the

world (Q.43:61)world (Q.43:61)

Sign of the Last DaySign of the Last Day Mhammad said: I swear by Allah that the Mhammad said: I swear by Allah that the

son of Maryson of Mary will certainly descend as a just will certainly descend as a just judge and he would definitely judge and he would definitely break the break the crosscross, and kill swine and abolish Jizya and , and kill swine and abolish Jizya and would leave the young she-camel and no would leave the young she-camel and no one would endeavour to (collect Zakat on one would endeavour to (collect Zakat on it). Spite, mutual hatred and jealousy it). Spite, mutual hatred and jealousy against one another will certainly against one another will certainly disappear and when he summons people disappear and when he summons people to accept wealth, not even one would do to accept wealth, not even one would do soso (Muslim :: Book 1 : Hadith 289 & Muslim :: (Muslim :: Book 1 : Hadith 289 & Muslim :: Book 1 : Hadith 287 & Bukhari :: V 4 :: B 55 :: Book 1 : Hadith 287 & Bukhari :: V 4 :: B 55 :: Hadith 657 & Bukhari :: V 3 :: B 43 :: Hadith 656 Hadith 657 & Bukhari :: V 3 :: B 43 :: Hadith 656 ).).

Sign of the Last DaySign of the Last Day

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said "How will you be when the said "How will you be when the son son of Mary of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and he amongst you and he will judge will judge people by the Law of the Quranpeople by the Law of the Quran and and not by the law of Gospelnot by the law of Gospel (Bukhari :: (Bukhari :: Book 4 :: Volume 55 :: Hadith 658 &Book 4 :: Volume 55 :: Hadith 658 & Fateh-ul Bari page 304 and 305 Vol 7) Fateh-ul Bari page 304 and 305 Vol 7)

Sharia (The Way to Live)Sharia (The Way to Live)

Society must be Islamized in every aspectSociety must be Islamized in every aspect Muhammad’s example must rule nationsMuhammad’s example must rule nations Religious law must be enforced by the ruling Religious law must be enforced by the ruling

authoritiesauthoritiesAt family level father or husband, and at At family level father or husband, and at

state level government are responsible for state level government are responsible for enforcing the law.enforcing the law.

Examples: laws about food (Q.2:172-172; Examples: laws about food (Q.2:172-172; 5:3-5), alcohol, adultery, non-Muslims, Jihad, 5:3-5), alcohol, adultery, non-Muslims, Jihad, polygamy, the age of marriage, punishment, polygamy, the age of marriage, punishment, etcetc..

Forms of IslamForms of Islam

Sunni 80%Sunni 80%Shi’a 16%Shi’a 16%Others 4%Others 4%The major disagreement between The major disagreement between

Sunnis and Shiites: successionSunnis and Shiites: successionAli, the son-in-law and cousin, the Ali, the son-in-law and cousin, the

leader (Imam) of Shiitesleader (Imam) of ShiitesThree in-laws the leaders (Khalif) of Three in-laws the leaders (Khalif) of

SunnisSunnis

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