Bell Quiz: Use pages 534-Bell Quiz: Use pages 534-41 and the Glossary41 and the Glossary

Define the following terms:Define the following terms:1. Appeasement.1. Appeasement.2. Nonaggression pact.2. Nonaggression pact.3. Blitzkrieg.3. Blitzkrieg.4 Isolationism. 4 Isolationism. 5. Hitler had 2600 total airplanes in the 5. Hitler had 2600 total airplanes in the

summer of 1940 and used 2000 of them one summer of 1940 and used 2000 of them one night bombing London. What percentage of night bombing London. What percentage of his air force did he use? his air force did he use?

AnswersAnswers

1. The granting of concessions to a hostile power 1. The granting of concessions to a hostile power in order to keep the peace (giving a bully your in order to keep the peace (giving a bully your milk money to avoid a fight).milk money to avoid a fight).

2. An agreement between Germany and the Soviet 2. An agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union to not go to war against each other.Union to not go to war against each other.

3. “lightning war”: A sudden, massive attack with 3. “lightning war”: A sudden, massive attack with air and ground power.air and ground power.

4. Opposition to political and economic 4. Opposition to political and economic entanglements with other countries entanglements with other countries (avoidance/nonintervention).(avoidance/nonintervention).

5. 77%5. 77%

ObjectivesObjectives Explain Hitler’s motives and strategies Explain Hitler’s motives and strategies

for expansion and how Britain, France, for expansion and how Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the U.S. the Soviet Union, and the U.S. responded. responded.

Compare and contrast the reactions of Compare and contrast the reactions of the allies to Nazi Germany with the the allies to Nazi Germany with the actions taken today against actions taken today against totalitarian governments.totalitarian governments.

Group Work: 2 per groupGroup Work: 2 per group

1)1) Put the following German invasions in Put the following German invasions in order by date: order by date: Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg, Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg, Poland, Sudetenland, Austria, Britain, Poland, Sudetenland, Austria, Britain, France, Czechoslovakia, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark/Norway.Denmark/Norway.

2)2) What strategy did Hitler use to conquer What strategy did Hitler use to conquer each of the countries?each of the countries?

3)3) What action against Hitler was taken by What action against Hitler was taken by the allies after each invasion?the allies after each invasion?

What did we find out?What did we find out?Discuss and IdentifyDiscuss and Identify

1) Austria. 2) Sudetenland. 3) 1) Austria. 2) Sudetenland. 3) Czechoslovakia.Czechoslovakia.

4) Poland. 5) Denmark & Norway. 4) Poland. 5) Denmark & Norway.

6) Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg. 6) Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg.

7) France. 8) Britain. 7) France. 8) Britain.

Identify the countries on the map.Identify the countries on the map.

EuropeEurope

Invasion of AustriaInvasion of Austria On March 12th, 1938, On March 12th, 1938,

German troops German troops marched into German marched into German speaking Austria speaking Austria unopposed. unopposed.

The next day Germany The next day Germany announced that the announced that the union with Austria was union with Austria was complete. complete.

The United States, the The United States, the League of Nation, and League of Nation, and rest of the world did rest of the world did nothing to protest or nothing to protest or stop Germany. stop Germany.

Invasion of Invasion of CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia

About 3 million German-speaking people lived in the About 3 million German-speaking people lived in the western border regions of Czechoslovakia (the western border regions of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland).Sudetenland).

The Munich Agreement/Pact: turned the The Munich Agreement/Pact: turned the Sudetenland over to Germany without a single shot Sudetenland over to Germany without a single shot being fired.being fired.

Both France and Britain promised to protect Both France and Britain promised to protect Czechoslovakia, but didn’t. Czechoslovakia, but didn’t.

Hitler invited the leaders of these nations to Munich.Hitler invited the leaders of these nations to Munich.– Neville Chamberlain (UK) Edouard Daladier Neville Chamberlain (UK) Edouard Daladier

(France) (France) In an attempt to avoid war, France, Britain, and In an attempt to avoid war, France, Britain, and

Germany signed the Munich Pact. Germany signed the Munich Pact.

Invasion of CzechoslovakiaInvasion of Czechoslovakia

In Britain, Winston Churchill viewed the In Britain, Winston Churchill viewed the signing of the Munich Pact as an signing of the Munich Pact as an adoption of appeasement.adoption of appeasement.

Appeasement: giving up principles to Appeasement: giving up principles to pacify an aggressor.pacify an aggressor.

Churchill warned that Hitler would not Churchill warned that Hitler would not stop at the Sudetenland. stop at the Sudetenland.

On March 15, 1939, German troops On March 15, 1939, German troops invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia.invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia.

Invasion of PolandInvasion of Poland The majority of Poland’s population was The majority of Poland’s population was

German speaking. German speaking. France and Britain promised military aide to France and Britain promised military aide to

Poland. Poland. August 23, 1939 Stalin and Hitler sign the August 23, 1939 Stalin and Hitler sign the

Nonaggression Pact.Nonaggression Pact.– Germany and the Soviet Union committed to Germany and the Soviet Union committed to

nonaggression towards each other. nonaggression towards each other. With the dangers of a two-front war With the dangers of a two-front war

eliminated German Invaded Poland.eliminated German Invaded Poland.

Blitzkrieg in PolandBlitzkrieg in Poland September 1, 1939 Germany September 1, 1939 Germany

launched it Blitzkrieg in launched it Blitzkrieg in Poland.Poland.

Blitzkrieg (lightning war) Blitzkrieg (lightning war) used advances in military used advances in military technology, such as fast technology, such as fast tanks and more powerful tanks and more powerful aircraft, to take the enemy aircraft, to take the enemy by surprise and quickly crush by surprise and quickly crush all opposition with all opposition with overwhelming force. overwhelming force.

WAR DECLARED: September WAR DECLARED: September 3, Britain and France 3, Britain and France declared war on Germany. declared war on Germany.

Major fighting in Poland was Major fighting in Poland was over in 3 weeks. over in 3 weeks.

Invasion of the Baltic Invasion of the Baltic States States The Soviet Union also invaded Poland from The Soviet Union also invaded Poland from

the east, seizing what was left of Poland.the east, seizing what was left of Poland. After occupying eastern Poland, Stalin After occupying eastern Poland, Stalin

began annexing the Baltic States of Estonia, began annexing the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (The area taken away Latvia, and Lithuania (The area taken away from the Soviets in the Treaty of Versailles). from the Soviets in the Treaty of Versailles).

In late 1939, Stalin sent the Soviet army into In late 1939, Stalin sent the Soviet army into Finland.Finland.

After 3 months of fighting the Finns After 3 months of fighting the Finns surrendered. surrendered.

Other Major InvasionsOther Major Invasions

April 9, 1940, Hitler launched a surprise April 9, 1940, Hitler launched a surprise invasion of Denmark and Norway.invasion of Denmark and Norway.

Hitler planned to use these countries to Hitler planned to use these countries to build bases from which he could easily strike build bases from which he could easily strike Great Britain.Great Britain.

Hitler next invaded the Netherlands, Hitler next invaded the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg, all of which were Belgium, and Luxembourg, all of which were overrun and in German control by the end of overrun and in German control by the end of May, 1940. May, 1940.

The Fall of FranceThe Fall of France This German offensive in This German offensive in

France trapped almost 400,000 France trapped almost 400,000 British and French soldiers British and French soldiers along the beaches of France. along the beaches of France.

Within a week nearly 330,000 Within a week nearly 330,000 British, French, and Belgian British, French, and Belgian troops were evacuated to troops were evacuated to Britain. Britain.

Italy invaded France from the Italy invaded France from the South as the Germans closed South as the Germans closed in on Paris from the north. in on Paris from the north.

June 22, 1940 France June 22, 1940 France surrendered.surrendered.

Germany occupied northern Germany occupied northern France, setting up a Nazi-France, setting up a Nazi-controlled government. controlled government.

The Battle of BritainThe Battle of Britain Germany launched an air Germany launched an air

war on Britain in the war on Britain in the summer of 1940.summer of 1940.

Luftwaffe began making Luftwaffe began making bombing runs over Britain.bombing runs over Britain.

Every night for two months Every night for two months roughly 2,000 German roughly 2,000 German planes bombed London, planes bombed London, and the rest of Britain. and the rest of Britain.

New technology (the radar) New technology (the radar) helped Britain plot the flight helped Britain plot the flight paths of German planes paths of German planes and prevent a German and prevent a German invasion.invasion.

Hitler eventually called off Hitler eventually called off the invasion of Britain the invasion of Britain indefinitely. indefinitely.

10 Minute Writing Bell 10 Minute Writing Bell QuizQuiz What position/policy/actions did the What position/policy/actions did the

allies take against Hitler prior to the allies take against Hitler prior to the invasion of Poland? invasion of Poland?

Does the current U.S. foreign policy Does the current U.S. foreign policy have anything to do with the lessons have anything to do with the lessons learned from WWII? Explain. learned from WWII? Explain.

ReviewReview

What rationale did Hitler give for What rationale did Hitler give for explaining German expansion?explaining German expansion?

How did the allies respond to Hitler’s How did the allies respond to Hitler’s actions?actions?

Why did the U.S. try to stay neutral?Why did the U.S. try to stay neutral? Does appeasement work? Explain Does appeasement work? Explain

yourself.yourself.