Bell Ringer: 11/09 & Bell Ringer: 11/09 & 11/1211/12

1.1. ____________ called himself the Sun ____________ called himself the Sun King.King.

2.2. The ________________________ was a The ________________________ was a beautiful home built for Louis XIV.beautiful home built for Louis XIV.

3.3. Henry IV passed the Henry IV passed the ___________________ giving religious ___________________ giving religious freedom to Protestants.freedom to Protestants.

4.4. Cardinal _______________ ruled in place Cardinal _______________ ruled in place of Louis XIII and tried to strengthen the of Louis XIII and tried to strengthen the French monarchy.French monarchy.

Absolute Monarchs: Absolute Monarchs: Prussia , Austria, Spain Prussia , Austria, Spain

& Russia& Russia Describe the Thirty Years War and how its Describe the Thirty Years War and how its

impact on the powerful Hapsburg dynasty impact on the powerful Hapsburg dynasty (losers in the Thirty Years War). (losers in the Thirty Years War).

Explain the importance of:Explain the importance of:– Maria Theresa of AustriaMaria Theresa of Austria– Phillip II of Spain. Phillip II of Spain. – Frederick the Great of PrussiaFrederick the Great of Prussia

Describe the Seven Years War and its results. Describe the Seven Years War and its results. Identify the absolute rulers of Russia and Identify the absolute rulers of Russia and

their actions.their actions.

Thirty Years’ WarThirty Years’ War 1618-16481618-1648 Began with the Began with the

closing of Protestant closing of Protestant Churches by Churches by Ferdinand IIFerdinand II– HapsburgHapsburg– Future Holy Roman Future Holy Roman

EmperorEmperor Conflict over Conflict over

religion, over religion, over territory and for territory and for powerpower

Central EuropeCentral Europe

Thirty Years’ War ReadingThirty Years’ War Reading

Using your textbook, read the section Using your textbook, read the section on the Thirty Years War and fill in the on the Thirty Years War and fill in the

blanks with the appropriate words.blanks with the appropriate words.

Pages 146-148Pages 146-148

Ravages of War

Robbers, often ex-soldiers, hung by authorities

Ravages of War

Wounded soldiers – beggars by day, criminals by night

Ravages of War

Crimes, such as theft, rape, and murder, gave the soldiers of the Thirty Years’ War a lasting reputation for brutality

Peace of WestphaliaPeace of Westphalia

The Hapsburg DynastyThe Hapsburg Dynasty

After the Thirty After the Thirty Years War, theYears War, the Hapsburgs Hapsburgs created an created an absolute absolute monarchy that monarchy that governed governed Austria, Austria, Spain,Spain, Hungary, Hungary, and Bohemiaand Bohemia

Maria-TheresaMaria-Theresa Inherited the throne from

her father Charles VI in 1740– Only woman to ruleOnly woman to rule in the 650 in the 650

years of Hapsburg dynastyyears of Hapsburg dynasty Kept the Austrian monarchy Kept the Austrian monarchy

strongstrong– Centralized the governmentCentralized the government– Expanded army Expanded army – Cared about the welfare of Cared about the welfare of

peasantspeasants

Phillip IIPhillip II

Most powerful monarch in Spanish history.Most powerful monarch in Spanish history.

Devout Devout CatholicCatholic who saw himself who saw himself as a defender of the as a defender of the Pope and Pope and Catholic Church.Catholic Church.

Inquisition: Inquisition: Harsh punishment of those who Harsh punishment of those who the Catholic Church thought were “dangerous”the Catholic Church thought were “dangerous”

Philip had problems ruling Spain and their Philip had problems ruling Spain and their colonial possessions — he felt a threat from colonial possessions — he felt a threat from the the England.England.

Spanish ArmadaSpanish Armada Spanish ships were being attacked Spanish ships were being attacked

by British.by British.

1586, Philip planned to invade 1586, Philip planned to invade England.England. May 1588, Philip sent 130 ships and May 1588, Philip sent 130 ships and

33,000 men to the 33,000 men to the English ChannelEnglish Channel..

Naval battles severely damaged Naval battles severely damaged Spanish ships.Spanish ships.

English set 8 Spanish ships on fire English set 8 Spanish ships on fire and forced the Spanish to flee.and forced the Spanish to flee.

Decline of Spanish Decline of Spanish EmpireEmpire

Defeat of the Spanish Armada marked the Defeat of the Spanish Armada marked the beginning of the end.beginning of the end.

Costly Costly inflationinflation

Inflation: Inflation: Too muchToo much gold and silver led to gold and silver led to inflation.inflation.

Frederick the GreatFrederick the Great

Leader of Leader of PrussiaPrussia– Rival of Rival of AustriaAustria

Used strong military Used strong military to maintain controlto maintain control– 44thth largest army in largest army in

Europe!Europe! Made his kingdom Made his kingdom

the most powerful the most powerful state in Europestate in Europe

Achtung! The Prussians are coming!

Seven Years WarSeven Years War

In Europe during the 1700s there was a Balance of Power.– Five STRONG Nations: France, Austria, Prussia,

Russia, and England Each wanted to keep the balance of

power, but there was competition:– England vs. France for trade & territory in India

and North America colonies– Prussia vs. Russia both wanted to expand their

territories in Europe

Seven Years WarSeven Years War Prussia & England vs. Austria, France, &

Russia Began in 1756 when Prussia invaded

Austria– Frederick the Great thought Austria was the

weakest First “Global” War

What is another name for the Seven Years What is another name for the Seven Years War?War?

In North AmericaIn North America

In the colonies: France vs. England for territory (French and Indian War)

England won and became the strongest colonial power

In EuropeIn Europe

In Europe, In Europe, PrussiaPrussia emerged as the emerged as the greatest powergreatest power– The war caused 900,000 to 1.4 million The war caused 900,000 to 1.4 million

deathsdeaths across Europe– Reduced the power of the Holy Roman Reduced the power of the Holy Roman

Empire and Empire and HapsburgHapsburg dynasty dynasty– Prussia Prussia doubled in sizedoubled in size after the Seven after the Seven

Years WarYears War

Where’s Russia?Where’s Russia?

Ivan the TerribleIvan the Terrible

Ruled: 1547 to 1584 Dynasty: Romanov Created secret police to

punish those who spoke poorly about him

Helped Russia increased trade contacts in Western Europe

Took over Mongol lands Left Russia in chaos when he

died

Peter the GreatPeter the Great

Ruled: 1682-1725 Dynasty: Romanov “Westernized” Russia Founded St. Petersburg Goal was to make Russia a

European power Created a strong central

government and brought Russia into a strong position for foreign affairs

Westernization = to make Russia more like western Europe

YouTube - Peter the Great

A “beard token” showed that the owner had paid the tax imposed by Peter the Great in 1705 to wear a beard.

Catherine the GreatCatherine the Great Ruled: 1762-1796 Dynasty: Romanov Continued

Westernization Expanded the borders

and defeated the Ottoman Turks

Last of the absolute monarchs — when she died people were questioning the idea of absolutism and had new ideas about freedom and equality

Acrostic Poem With your partner, create an acrostic

poem for TWO countries: France, Austria, Spain, Prussia, and Russia.

You need to include information from your notes and the book about that country and their absolute monarchs.

When you are finished, please have your poems checked by Mrs. B.

You will present your best poem to the class

Acrostic Poem Example

Always fighting with PrussiaUseless because they lost in the Thirty

Years WarSaved by Maria TheresaThe only female Hapsburg monarch Religious, smart and cared about the poorIf only allAbsolute rulers were like her!

Acrostic Poem Example

An acrostic poemCan be about anything.Really.Of course, some people like toStick with each line being a

sentence.Though, I prefer weaving words into a Creation that is more freeform.