BELL RINGER

The Era of Good FeelingInventions,Innovation,

and theMarket Revolution

#4

The South• Cotton Gin- 1793 by Eli Whitney• Separated seeds from cotton fiber 50X faster

• Short Staple: cotton uses a lot of land quickly• Need for more states; from 6 to 15 by 1860

• Cotton production• 2 million lbs. in 1790 to 1 billion+ by 1860• 1840 US produced 60% world’s cotton

The North•Population in North increased 1000 times

• Immigrants came to North (and West)

for factory and farm work

The Transportation Revolution and

First Industrial Revolution

• North and West grew b/c of building of roads, steamboats, canals= TRANSPORTATION REV

• National (Federal) Road began in 1811 from Cumberland, MD to Vandalia, IL (ended 1838)

• Erie Canal (from Albany to Buffalo, 1817-25) connected to NYC through the Hudson R.• Forced production of food, houses,

and schools for cities along the canal (i.e. Rochester)

Inventions• Farming

• Cyrus McCormick’s mechanical reaper 1830s

• John Deere’s steel plow 1837

• Textile/garment industry • Elias Howe sewing machine 1846,

perfected by IM Singer

• Communications• Samuel Morse’s telegraph 1844

• Assembly lines and Interchangeable Parts • Allowed for quicker production• Interchangeable parts: standardized or

machine made parts that fit together to make end product

•Market Revolution= explosion in jobs and consumer goods

• Caused:• farmers to specialize

in grain or dairy• Artisans to compete

with assembly lines• Products to be

cheaper and more plentiful