Bell Ringer: February 13 & 14Bell Ringer: February 13 & 14

• Define imperialism in your own words.

• What is the difference between how a colony and a protectorate were governed?

• What were the four motives (reasons) for Imperialism?

Imperialism in Imperialism in China & JapanChina & Japan

Imperialism in China

Spheres of InfluenceSpheres of Influence

• European powers carved out areas for trade called spheres of influence– the old Foreign Enclaves

• In their “spheres” they…– Introduced western knowledge and

language– Tried to force Chinese to industrialize

with railroads, coal mines, etc.

Key TermKey Term

• Westernization – adopting the social, political, economic institutions of the West (especially Europe and America)

Tea & OpiumTea & Opium• China was only source for tea, which the

British drank in large amounts• Britain traded opium for tea to balance

trade• Chinese became addicted

The opium addict often sold all his possessions to pay for the opium. This woodcut shows an addict's wife being sold to support his habit.

• By 1835, approximately 12 million Chinese are addicted

• Chinese government outlawed opium but it was still smuggled in to China

The Opium WarThe Opium War 1839- 1839-18421842

• Britain won the Opium War– Britain had steam powered ships & cannons– China was humiliated

Treaty of NanjingTreaty of Nanjing

• Gave the island of Hong Kong to Britain• Opened other ports for trade w/Britain• Reimbursed Britain for costs of war• Granted British citizens special rights

Hong Kong todayIn 1997 it was returned

to Chinese control

Key TermKey Term

• Extraterritorial Rights – right of foreign residents to follow the laws of their own country rather than the laws of the host country

Open Door PolicyOpen Door Policy• America was worried that

the European nations would divide China into formal colonies

• USA proposed the Open Door policy– China’s “doors” should be

open to merchants of all nations

The Boxer RebellionThe Boxer Rebellion• Chinese were tired of westerners in

their country• Huge nationalist movement begins

– Boxers attack foreigners, missionaries, and Christian converts

– Boxers are defeated by large multinational force

The Boxer Rebelion - YouTube

Imperialism in JapanImperialism in Japan

Imperialism inImperialism inJapanJapan

What was the trade policy before 1850?

Isolation (Remember, they didn’t trade

with anyone!)

JapanJapan

• Learned from China how NOT to deal with Imperialism

• 1853: US went to Japan and demanded an open trade agreement

Who Opened Japan for Trade?

The United States opened Japan for trade with the Treaty of Kanagawa.

Open Trade ResultsOpen Trade Results

• Japan modernized their economy

• Began to industrialize

• Learned western ways of education

• Japan became a strong military and economic power

Japan was the only (non-European or non-U.S.) world power that was never taken over by Europe.

Why was Japan Unique by 1900?

Russo-Japanese War (1905)Russo-Japanese War (1905)• Developed out of a Developed out of a rivalry between Japan and Russia rivalry between Japan and Russia

for territoryfor territory• Japan wonJapan won

– Took KoreaTook Korea– Russia was humiliatedRussia was humiliated

Ticket Out the DoorTicket Out the Door

• Which one was it? China or Japan?

• Complete the self-check quiz and turn it in to Mrs. B before you leave class today!