Bellringer

BellringerList three facts about HinduismAgendaHinduism ReviewIndian EmpiresBuddhism worksheetObjectivesStudents will be able to30. Summarize the major features of the Mauryan and Gupta Empires.31. Describe the major beliefs and traditions of Buddhism.Aryan KingdomsAryan kingdoms dominated India beginning around 1000 BCENo single, unified leaderRun over by Alexander the Great (well talk about him later)Split GRAPESDraw a line down the center of the GRAPES chart to divide it in twoOn the left side, write Mauryan EmpireOn the right side, write Gupta EmpireAt the bottomLeft: write 321 BCE to 232 BCERight: write 320 CE to 500s CEObjective #30Mauryan Empire

Geography

What ocean surrounds India?Geography

What mountain range is shown?Geography

What river valley was to the east?Geography

What empire was to the west?Geography

GeographyMauryan Empire united Indian subcontinentGanges and Indus RiversUp to the Himalaya and Hindu-Kush MountainsReligionMainly HinduismAshoka (a king) spread Buddhism through missionariesAchievementsUnder ChandraguptaUnited India for the first timeStrong bureaucracyUnder AshokaReligious toleranceBuilt roads, free hospitals, hotelsPoliticalChandragupta conquered the empire and established a dynastyBureaucracy helped run the governmentAshokaBecame a non-violent Buddhist, used the government to care for his people rather than gain wealth or powerAsoka says:All men are my children. What I desire for my own children, and I desire their welfare and happiness both in this world and the next, that I desire for all men. You do not understand to what extent I desire this, and if some of you do understand, you do not understand the full extent of my desire. More PoliticalPeople liked AshokaGood ruler, but weakened the governmentNo strong ruler followed himEmpire fell apartEconomicVery heavy taxes to pay for the army and public worksPolitical centralization opens India to trade with China and PersiaSocialSee HinduismA Period of Turmoil500 years without a strong leaderTurmoil, nounA state or condition of extreme confusion or commotionWithout any damage or injury, for 30 seconds, demonstrate turmoilGupta Empire

Geography

ReligionHinduismAchievementsThe Golden Age of IndiaGupta = Golden!Trade by land and sea, east and westDevelop astronomy, advanced math (the numbers you use), calendarDevelop banking, incredible amounts of wealthHelps spread culture, art, literaturePoliticalGupta kings used marriage (and an army) to create an empireLast strong king declines in 415 CE, empire starts to collapseIn the 500s CE, invaders without settled homes attack IndiaEconomicVery rich empire (but only the kings got rich)Invented bankingLOTS of tradeSocialSee HinduismBuddhismObjective #31

Hinduisms ProblemsSome people did not likeInequalityInaccessibility (need priests to interact with gods for you)

The SolutionA new faith, started by a Hindu prince who meditated on the worlds problemsSiddhartha Gautama grew up sheltered from the world. When he left his palace, he was shocked by what he sawBecame the founder of BuddhismBuddhaSiddhartha left his life in a palace to seek wisdomNo one he met had anySo he meditated under a tree until he finally discovered the truth about the worldHe became known as the Buddha: awakened or enlightened oneFour Noble TruthsTo live is to sufferSuffering is caused by desireTo end suffering, you must get rid of all desiresTo do so, follow the Eightfold Path to enlightenmentGet on the path!Tear a sheet of paper into 8 squaresOn four of the squares, write down things that cause you to sufferOn four of the squares, write down things that you desireCrumble each square into a ball

Get on the path!Rid yourself of your suffering and desires! Throw them at the recycling bin!NirvanaBuddha and his followers believed he had achieved enlightenment, what they called nirvanaEnlightenment can be achieved by acting, thinking, and believing in the proper wayNirvana ends your souls reincarnationKarmaBuddhists believe in karma, much like HindusInstead of determining caste, karma provides your reincarnated self with desirable qualities (wealth, beauty, influence, etc.)Karma is based on your intentions, not just your actionsSolving ProblemsHinduism has inequalityBuddhism rejects the caste system. All Buddhists belong to the religious community (sangha)Hinduism is inaccessible, requires priestsBuddhism is very personal, individual meditation and self-improvementCan reach nirvana in a single lifetimeAbout BuddhaBuddha is not a god! Buddha is a title granted to Siddhartha GautamaFat Buddha, and Buddha worship, is a later Chinese development

Religious Spread

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