Bellringer

Remember to write the question as well as your answer!

Adams lost the election of 1800 to Thomas Jefferson. List differences between Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. Look at your notes for answers. Write at least three differences between the two men and their ideas for the country.

Take a few minutes to consider your answer.

American Sailors are Awfully Impressed

• Remember the Jay Treaty– Pay back any goods stolen, stop interfering in

Northwest Territory.• Doesn’t last very long. The U.S. doesn’t take a

side in the Napoleonic Wars (remember Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation?).

• Both French and British trying to stop trade and keep the other from gaining access to goods.

American Sailors are Awfully Impressed

• Neither France nor Britain accepted neutrality• If an American ship stopped in a British port, it

could be stopped and seized by French.• British would do one better: Impressment– British sailors lived under horrible conditions, and

they would flee whenever they could. – Very high desertion rate, so needed to get

replacements• Would take sailors off American ships and force them into

service upon pain of death.

Chesapeake Incident

• British captain of the Leopard stops a U.S. frigate Chesapeake

• Chesapeake refuses to allow the ship to board and search for deserters

• Leopard opens fire, boards, and seizes four American sailors

I don’t want to share!

• Jefferson goes about punishing the British by getting Congress to pass the Embargo Act of 1807.– U.S. prohibited from exporting anywhere– This backfires and causes businesses to fail and

goods to pile up.

Election of 1808

• Embargo Act is Jefferson’s undoing in the 1808 election

• Opponent James Madison easily wins. White House still stays in Democratic-Republican control.

• Madison allows international commerce to resume, but this doesn’t stop tensions.

Going out West

• British trying to get old alliances going again as tensions rose.

• Jefferson’s Native policy didn’t hurt this, as Jefferson required assimilation to white society or force removal to land west of the Mississippi.

• Governor of Indiana Territory William Henry Harrison enforces this policy ruthlessy, costing tribes millions of acres of land.

Going out West

• Two Shawnee brothers rise to prominence among tribes as they speak out against whites, white culture, and the United States policy of assimilation.

• The Prophet (Tenskwatawa) and Tecumseh, or Shooting Star

• Set up a small following at a place called Prophetstown in Indiana.

Going out West

• Harrison threatened by the number of natives going to Prophetstown

• In 1811 Harrison attacks and burns Prophetstown while Tecumseh away.

• Battle of Tippecanoe makes Harrison a national hero.

The British Invasion…but not the Beatles.

• American War Hawks from western territories had been pushing to declare war on Britain since Chesapeake incident

• Henry Clay of Virginia becomes Speaker of the House in 1811.

• Clay and other Hawks pressure rest of the House and President Madison to declare war in June 1812

The British Invasion…but not the Beatles.

• British blockade the Atlantic coast and New Orleans

• Battles fought on land, sea, and Great Lakes– USS Constitution sinks British Guerriere. The oak

hull causes canon balls to bounce off. Ship becomes known as Old Ironsides

• Several attempts made to invade Canada

The British Invasion…but not the Beatles.

• Harrison takes over of campaign in Northwest territories

• Tecumseh joins up with British in an attempt to take Detroit and invade Ohio.

• British retreat from Detroit as Harrison wins at Lake Erie.

The British Invasion…but not the Beatles.

• October 1813 have battle of Thames in Ontario.• Harrison meets British and Indian forces• Tecumseh dies in battle, ending British and

Native alliance.• In south, Andrew Jackson led a force against

the Creek nation at Horseshoe Bend.– Massacres women, children, and braves– Takes Pensacola in Spanish territory

The British Invasion…but not the Beatles.

• British would attack coastal cities and then leave• August 1814 a British fleet sails into Chesapeake

Bay, quickly sending troops into Washington, burning buildings (White House)– Dolley Madison, wife of President Madison, saves

artwork and documents important to country.• British bombarded Fort McHenry, Francis Scott

Key inside writes a poem that becomes the “Star-Spangled Banner.”

Cotton…Soft and Bulletproof

• Andrew Jackson (“Old Hickory”) gets to New Orleans upon hearing of an approaching British force.

• Uses pirates, militia, and soldiers to defeat the British at the Battle of New Orleans

• Supposedly soaked cotton bales in water and used as fortification while earthworks could be prepared.

• January 1815 Jackson forces the British retreat, and he becomes the hero of the Battle of New Orleans.

Treaty of Ghent

• Peace treaty ending the war was signed in Ghent, Belgium.

• Signed in December 1814, so Battle of New Orleans was actually AFTER peace was at hand.

• Both sides were eager for peace. No land changed hands, simply peace was the nature of the treaty.