BELLWORK1. Where is Macedonia located?

2. What were Phillip II’s three goals as king of Macedonia? Were these goals accomplished?

3. How did Phillip II die?

4. Who was Alexander the Great?

5. THINKER: After the Persian Wars, the Greek city-states fought for control over unified Greece. If Sparta and Athens were so strong, how was Macedonia able to win?

Alexander the Great Reading• As you know, Alexander the Great was one

of the most influential rulers in the world.• To learn more about him, you are going to

read pgs. 63-65 and answer the following 8 questions in your notes. (continue on with your Macedonia notes)

• Since these are your notes, you need to answer the questions in complete sentences!

• Be ready to discuss!

Alexander the Great1. What happened when Alexander went to war with

Persia?2. What other lands did Alexander conquer?3. What was Alexander’s main goal as king of

Macedonia?4. How did Alexander try to combine Greek and Persian

cultures?5. What happened to the land after Alexander’s death?6. What are the characteristics of Hellenistic culture?7. How is Hellenistic art different from ancient Greek

art?8. What advances did scientists in the Hellenistic period

make?

An Introduction to Rome

DID YOU KNOW THAT YOUALREADY KNOW A LOT

ABOUT ANCIENT ROME?

WELL IT’S TRUE!

DOES ANYTHING LOOKFAMILIAR?

HAVE YOU SEEN THISBEFORE?

ARE WE STUDYING GREECEAGAIN?

WHY DO WE STUDYANCIENT ROME?

• We study the Romans because…• They made very important contributions in

architecture and government.

• Our own culture reflects parts of Ancient Roman culture.• We are able to learn from the events of the

past and make wise decisions for the future.

WHERE ON EARTH IS ROME?

WHY IS THE GEOGRAPHY OFROME IMPORTANT?

• Rome, with its central location on the Italian peninsula, was able to extend its influence over the entire Mediterranean Basin.

THE GEOGRAPHY OF ROME

Egypt

ROME

Greece

The Alps

HOW DID GEOGRAPHY HELPTHE ROMANS?

– Located in the center of the Mediterranean– Far away from eastern powers/empires.– On Italian peninsula, with few geographic neighbors/enemies.– Alps (Mts.): provided natural protection.– Med Sea: Gave protection, allowed for trade.

Basically, Rome’s place in the world kept it safefrom harm, but allowed it to interact with

other people.

TRADE AND INFLUENCE

LET’S RECAP…..

MYTHS AND LEGENDS• Just like the

Greeks, the Romans used myths and legends to explain the history of their region.

• Why do you think people believed these stories in ancient Rome?

Myths and Legends• Most of the myths and legends in ancient Rome

centered around their gods and goddesses.

• They were polytheistic!

THE LEGEND OF ROMULUSAND REMUS

According to Roman legend a princess named Rhea Sylvia had twin boys by Mars, the god of war. A jealous uncle who had stolen the throne from her father ordered her twins to be drowned in the Tiber River.

• Fortunately, a servant had pity on the twins and placed them in a basket. Eventually, the basket washed onto the shore and the twins were discovered by a female wolf. The wolf nursed and protected the babies for a short time before they were found by a shepherd. The shepherd then raised the twins.

• When Romulus and Remus became adults, they decided to found (or set up) a city where the wolf had discovered them. The brothers fought over exactly where the city should be built, and as a result, Remus was killed by his brother. Without Remus, Romulus became the sole founder of the new city and named it Rome. The date given for the founding of Rome was 753 BC.

BELIEVE IT, OR NOT?

1. What parts of the story seem too unlikely to be true?

2. If the legend does not explain how the city was really founded, why do you think Rome was built?

Although the Legend of Romulus and Remusmakes it seem as if Rome was built in a day, the

truth is probably very different.

It is more likely that…

Rome grew out of a number of settlements thatdeveloped around the seven hills near the Tiber

River. In order to be safer from invasions, thesettlements joined together as one.

However, regardless of how Rome was founded, thank goodness for the contributions of the Ancient

Romans!

• Architecture, government, law, art, language, calendar, etc.

The Early Roman Republic• Roman civilization was characterized by:

• Patricians and Plebeians

• Government

• Army

• Citizenship

• You are now going to read about each important aspect and create “Picture Squares.”

Picture Squares• You are going to read a handout that addresses the

four main points of Roman civilization.• For each aspect, you are going to write three

sentences that encompass the main idea of that section. SUMMARIZE!!!

• After you write your description, you must draw a picture the corresponds with that same topic. It must be colored!

• 20 points! (5 points per square)• Make sure you actually read the section since this will

be your only notes for the Early Roman Republic. • Let’s do the first one together!

Review!• What were the differences between Patricians

and Plebeians?

• How did the Romans keep their government balanced?

• What is a republic?

• How was the Roman army structured?

• How could Roman rights of citizenship be acquired?

• What rights did Roman citizens have?