BellWork 9/30/2013Mg2+

Cl-

Fe2+

O2-

These elements are written to describe what? Grab a textbook and look it up if needed.

Coloring the Periodic Table

Families

Some images are from www.chem4kids.com

www.middleschoolscience.com 2010

The Periodic Table:Nonmetals, Metalloids, and Metals

Metals• They are solid (with the exception of mercury,

Hg, a liquid).• They are shiny, good conductors of electricity

and heat.• They are ductile (they can be drawn into thin

wires).• They are malleable (they can be easily

hammered into very thin sheets).

Nonmetals• The nonmetals are brittle. • Not malleable• Not ductile• Poor conductors of both heat and

electricity • Some nonmetals are liquids.

MetalloidsThe metalloids, or semimetals, have properties that are somewhat of a cross between metals and nonmetals.• unique conductivity properties (they only

partially conduct electricity)

Metals vs Nonmetals

Families on the Periodic TableElements on the periodic table can be

grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.

Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.

Elements in each family react differently with other elements.

ALKALI METALSGroup 1Hydrogen is not a

member, it is a non-metalAll are metals and solid at

room temp1 Valence ElectronSoft and silvery, shinyVery reactive, esp. with

waterConduct electricity

Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html

ALKALINE EARTH METALSGroup 2MetalsSolids at room

temp2 electrons in

the outer shellWhite, silvery,

and malleableReactive, but

less than Alkali metals

Conduct electricity

TRANSITION METALSMetalsAlmost all are solids

at room temp (Hg)Good conductors of

heat and electricity.1 or 2 Valence

ElectronsLess Reactive than

Alkali and Alkaline Earth

Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

BORON FAMILY Group 33 electrons in

the outer shellMost are metalsBoron is a

metalloidReactiveSolid at room

temp

CARBON FAMILY Group 44 electrons in

the outer shellContains 3

metals, 2 metalloids, and 1 non-metal Carbon (C)

Reactivity variesSolids at room

temp

NITROGEN FAMILY Group 55 electrons in

the outer shellCan share

electrons to form compounds

Contains 2 metals, 2 metalloids, and 2 non-metals

Reactivity VariesNitrogen is the

only gas at room temp, rest are solids

OXYGEN FAMILY Group 66 electrons in

the outer shellContains 2

metals, 1 metalloid, and 3 non-metals

ReactiveOxygen is a gas,

the rest are solids at room temp

HalogensGroup 77 electrons in

the outer shellNon-metals,

Uus is unknownVery reactive -

are often bonded with Group 1 Alkali Metals

Has 2 gases, 1 liquid (Br), and 2 solids

Noble GasesGroup 8Exist as gasesNon-metals8 electrons in the

outer shell = FullHelium (He) has

only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full

Not reactive with other elements

Rare Earth MetalsSome are

RadioactiveThe rare

earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.

Conduct electricity

The end of the study guide.

You may watch more videos about the elements at:

http://www.periodicvideos.com/