HACKBERRY

Ben Ferguson

HackberryHackberry, Celtis occidentalis L. , or common hackberry is a very

durable plant but is a threatened species in New Hampshire.

Classification:Kingdom – Plantae (Plants)

Subkingdom – Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)

Super division – Spermatophyta (Seed plants)

Division – Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)

Class – Magnoliopside (Dicotyledons)

Subclass – Hamamelididae

Order – Urticales

Family – Ulmaceae (Elm family)

Genus – Celtis L. (Hackberry)

Species - Celtis occidentalis L. (Common Hackberry)

Shape, Form, TypeThe hackberry tree is an ornamental tree fruit bearing tree

and reaches from12 meters to 18 meters. The branches tend to droop which gives the tree a cylindrical shape.

Figure 1

BarkThe bark of the hackberry tree is grayish in color and are

warty in appearance.

TwigThe twigs of the hackberry tree have a

zigzag appearance to them.

Figure 2

Figure 3

LeafThe leaves of the hackberry tree are alternate, simple,

sharply toothed, and 7 to 12 cm long. They are dark green with pale green beneath.

BudThe buds are small, triangular in

shape and tan in color.

Figure 4

Figure 5

FlowerThe flowers of the hackberry tree are small and greenish-

yellow. They emerge in April and May along with the leaves.

FruitThe fruit of the hackberry tree are small greenish drupes

that when mature change to dark red black. They mature in September and October.

Figure 6

Figure 7

Habitat and Range

Hackberry is native to the United States and occurs from Maine and also Quebec. West to N. Dakota, Wyoming and Colorado. South to Texas and Georgia.

Figure 8

Uses

Hackberry trees are used as ornamental trees in urban areas because it is very tolerant. It is also used as firewood and sometimes used for furniture. Hackberry trees are also used in erosion control. It’s deep root system helps prevent soil erosion and it also helps prevent wind erosion.

ReferencesImages http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tree-pictures.com/netle

af-hackberry-tree.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tree-pictures.com/hackberry_tree_pics.html&usg=__Tx0_p44hVOJtAKMP3rOKvhS_jjM=&h=448&w=336&sz=73&hl=en&start=7&itbs=1&tbnid=HuTVakBWnuwUNM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dhackberry%2Btree%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1 Figure 1 Retrieved 6/22/10

http://www.discoverlife.org/IM/I_SB/0309/320/Celtis_occidentalis,Bark,I_SB30990.jpg Figure 2 Retrieved 6/22/10

http://www.cas .vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/c/wceoco2tw30984.JPG Figure 3 Retrieved 6/22/10

http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/c/hceoco2lf35448.JPG Figure 4 Retrieved 6/22/10

http://www.uwgb.edu/biodiversity/herbarium/trees/celocc_bud01.jpg Figure 5 Retrieved 6/22/10

http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Plantae/Dicotyledoneae/Ulmaceae/Celtis/occidentalis/images/Closeflower.jpg Figure 6 Retrieved 6/22/10

http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/c/hceoco2frdevel35446.JPG Figure 7 Retrieved 6/22/10

http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CEOC Figure 8 Retrieved 6/22/10

References Cont.

Information http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CEOC

Retrieved 6/22/10 http://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_ceoc.pdf

Retrieved 6/22/10 http://

www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID=26 Retrieved 6/22/10