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THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
Bending Fatigue Enhancement of Synthetic Fiber Rope
SAMSONDanielle Stenvers, Justin Gilmore, Rafael Chou
W.L. GORE & Associates, Inc.Robert Sassa, Jeff Leiser, Mike Altman, Gary Harp
Presented by Jon MillerSamson Rope Technologies
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
Samson Rope Technologies Specific application where bending fatigue is importantPerformance requirements of ropesBending fatigue resistance – testing – improvement
Other considerationsConclusionsFuture work
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
Founded in 1878, Samson still holds the oldest active RegisteredTrade Mark in the United States
Headquartered in Ferndale, Washington with manufacturing facilities in Ferndale and Lafayette, Louisiana
Largest manufacturer of high performance synthetic rope in NorthAmerica with a full range of products and services
Over 250 employees serving 1,000 customers in more than 25 countries with 250 products
Privately owned by WIND RIVER HOLDINGS
WHO IS SAMSON?
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
OUR MISSION STATEMENT
Samson is the leading high performance cordage company. Our competitive advantage is to differentiate ourselves by providinghigh performance cordage solutions to critical customer problems.
The competitive advantage is delivered through a combination of application engineering, critical technical capabilities (fibers, coatings, and constructions) and focused technical sales efforts in targeted growth markets.
Products are marketed under the Samson brand as the symbol for high performance, supported by superior customer service and emphasizing the company’s service and quality programs.
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
The Most Advanced Research and Development in the Industry
PhD
Engineers:
Chemical
Mechanical
OUR CAPABILITIES
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
The Most Advanced Rope Testing Machine, Capable of Breaking Rope in Excess of 1.1 Million Lbs.
OUR CAPABILITIES …cont’d
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
Drop Test Tower12 1/2' Drop Length280 kg max drop weight
OUR CAPABILITIES …cont’d
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
APPLICATION OVERVIEW
Well head on ocean sea floorBecause of extreme depths, wire is no longer an option because of breaking lengthSwells at surface require motion compensation during installation.
SYNTHETIC ROPE OPPORTUNITY
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
APPLICATION OVERVIEW …cont’d
Installation of Subsea TreesInstallation vessel
Ahv photo here
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
DESIRED PROPERTIES
StiffnessTension control Abrasion and cuttingTension-tension fatigueBending fatigue resistance
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
BENDING FATIGUE RESISTANCE ENHANCEMENT
Literature ReviewLife factor discussion– Definition– Dominant factors
Testing equipment and samplesCoating formulation Fiber selection
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
LIFE FACTOR IN LITERATURE
References1) Handbook of Oceanographic Winch, Wire and Cable Technology
3rd Edition. Funded by NSF and developed for US Navy. Edited by John F. Bash• Aramid rope shows good properties with large sheave diameters • Wire rope cycles from 10^4 to 10^5 with large sheave diameters
2) Improving Bend-over-Sheave Fatigue in Fiber RopesOceans 2003 F. Sloan, R. Nye, and T. Liggett
• BOB shows 7.3 times improvement over 100% HMPE with Polyurethane coating
• Specialty coatings Optimum coating with 100% HMPE showed 45% improvement
Definition:
Life Factor = SF*(D/d)
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
BENDING FATIGUE TEST MACHINE
Pulley dimension—2 ¾” (root diameter)Stroke length—12”Maximum load—1200 lbsFrequency—0.35 HzTesting is done in dry configuration only.
Load Applied to Sample
12” stroke length
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
TEST SAMPLES
7/64 inch diameter 8 strand – Blends of HMPE, LCP, GORETM OMNIBENDTM Fiber
1/4 inch diameter 12 strand– Blends of HMPE, LCP, Para-Aramid, GORETM OMNIBENDTM
Fiber
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
COATING FORMULATION
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
500%
Type S 0000 0017A 0017G Type F 0017C 0017E
Coating Formulation
Com
pare
d to
10
0% H
MP
E
N/C B C D E F G .
B = standard coating
G = special coating
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
FIBER SELECTION
High tenacity fibers– HMPE– LCP– Para-Aramid– Blends
Specialty fibers (GORETM Fiber)
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
0%
100%
200%
300%
100% LCP 100% Para-Aramid
100% HMPEuncoated
HMPE/LCPblend
uncoated
Com
pare
d to
100
%
HM
PE
Coa
ted
FIBER BLEND
100% HMPE best single fiber type
HMPE/LCP blend = 3 x 100% HMPE
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
FIBER BLEND vs. SPECIAL COATING
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
500%
100% HMPEuncoated
HMPE/LCP blend uncoated
100% HMPE withspecialty coating
Com
pare
d to
100
%
HM
PE
Coa
ted
HMPE/LCP blend = 3 x 100% HMPEHMPE with Special coating = 4.5 x 100% HMPE
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
PTFE vs GORE™ OMNIBEND™ Rope break strength comparison
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
100% HMPE HMPE +OTHER PTFE
HMPE +GORE™
OMNIBEND™
15% GORE™ OMNIBEND™ Fiber
15% PTFE fiber
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
100% HMPE HMPE+Vectran+GORE fiber
HMPE+ GORE fiber
HMPE+ GORE fiber
GORE™ OMNIBEND™ FIBER BLEND(no coating)
HMPE + High% GORE™
OMNIBEND™Fiber
HMPE + Low% GORE™
OMNIBEND™ Fiber
100% HMPE
GORETM Fiber + HMPE 4 x 100% HMPEBending cycles to
failure vs. 100% HMPE
HMPE/LCP Blend + GORE™
OMNIBEND™ Fiber
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
FIBER BLEND vs. COATING vs. COMBINATION
100%
936%
0%
200%
400%
600%
800%
1000%
100% HMPEuncoated
HMPE/LCPblend
uncoated
100% HMPEwith special
coating
Com
pare
d to
10
0% H
MP
E C
oate
d
HMPE GORE™
OMNIBEND™Fiber blend and special coating
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
Tension devicesStiffness requirementsExpected failure mechanism– Bending fatigue dominated?– Tension-tension fatigue dominated?
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
1,0006,000
11,00016,00021,00026,000
10 30 50 70 90
TCLL
Ben
ding
cyc
les
HMPE HMPE/LCP blend
TENSION-TENSION FATIGUE vs. BENDING CYCLES
THE STRONGEST NAME IN ROPE
GORETM Fiber ePTFE yarn is best
HMPE/LCP blend = 3 x’s 100% HMPE
Coatings = 4.5 x’s 100% HMPE
GORETM Fiber + HMPE = 4x’s 100% HMPE
Special coating + HMPE + GORETM Fiber = 9x’s 100% HMPE
Tensile fatigue, Bend fatigue should be considered
CONCLUSIONS