BEOBALBEOBAL 22

BEOBALBEOBAL 66

-

,,,, ,, ,,

1932 -“ ”.

1959 –“ ”.

1983 - ().

1993 - –2

.1999 –

( ) “ ”.2002 -

2002-2003 – HIMONTONET NUSES

2005 – BEOBAL .

“ ”, 1959 – 1983

“ ”1999

,,

--

((VaisalaVaisala)),, P, WV, WD. RH, PR, UVP, WV, WD. RH, PR, UV

•• O3O3•• NOxNOx•• COCO•• SO2SO2•• CO2CO2

•• CascadeCascade ImpactorImpactor•• BAM for PM2,5 and PM10 MeasurementsBAM for PM2,5 and PM10 Measurements•• IntegratedIntegrated nephelometernephelometer

aa

•• Gamma Background Gamma Background TechnidataTechnidata DetectorDetector•• Gamma Background Gamma Background SafimoSafimo DetectorDetector•• Harwell Neutron DetectorHarwell Neutron Detector•• Polyethylene sphere with lead as a neutron breederPolyethylene sphere with lead as a neutron breeder•• High temperature semiconductor spectrometerHigh temperature semiconductor spectrometer•• Radon AnalyzerRadon Analyzer•• Alpha SpectrometerAlpha Spectrometer

•• Active neutron detector based on SNM 15 detectorsActive neutron detector based on SNM 15 detectors•• MuonMuon telescopetelescope• LulinLulin devicedevice•• CerenkovCerenkov telescopetelescope

BEO MoussalaBEO Moussala

VaissalaVaissala

UV-AB

CO

SO2

O3

NO

NO2

NOx

CO

O3

SO2

NO2

NO

NOx

TechnidataTechnidata

Aerosol particles in the Aerosol particles in the atmosphere have recently been atmosphere have recently been found to contain a large found to contain a large number of chemical elements number of chemical elements and a high content of organic and a high content of organic materialmaterial

The amount of atmospheric heavy metals ( V, Mn, As, Se, Zn etc.) is also considerable as some of them are imported by winds from other locations

Aerosols vary widely in space and time and the continuous monitoring of their chemical, physical and optical properties is important

Concentration of Fe (ng/m3) in aerosols from peak Moussala (1-6) – Oct. 2006-Jan. 2007, NE Bulgaria - Shumen (7-10) – Feb.-March 2004

and Sofia(11-12) - 2007

Concentration of Zn (ng/m3) in aerosols from peak Moussala (1-6) – Oct. 2006-Jan. 2007, NE

Bulgaria - Shumen (7-10) – Feb.-March 2004 and Sofia(11-12) - 2007

10

100

1000

10000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0,1

1

10

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MnFe

Mg

M. Bistritza

Ch. Iskar0

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

0,3

mg/L

Concentration of Mn, Fe and Mg (mg/L) in waters from Rila rivers (M. Bistritza and Cherni Iskar)

M. BistritzaCh. Iskar

MnFe

Mg

M. Bistritza

Ch. Iskar0

100020003000400050006000700080009000

10000

mkg/g

Concentration of Mn, Fe and Mg (mkg/g) in bryophytes form Rila rivers (M. Bistritza and Cherni

Iskar)

M. BistritzaCh. Iskar

MnFe

Mg

M. Bistritza

Ch. Iskar0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

mkg/g

Concentration of Mn, Fe and Mg (mkg/g) in sediments from Rila rivers (M. Bistritza and Cherni

Iskar)

M. Bistritza

Ch. Iskar

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

Con

cent

ratio

n, p

pm

Mousala Sofia Mousala Sofia III window Sofia III window Sofia

October

Comparison of shown elements concentration in grass samples from Sofiaregion (INRNE) and Rila mountain during October - December 2006

SClKCa

NovemberDecemberOctober

Fe

::(( ),), (( ),),

(( )) (( ))

Active neutron detector based on Active neutron detector based on SNM 15 detectorsSNM 15 detectors

Space Weather ResearchSpace Weather Research

MuonMuon telescopetelescope

––LETLET

detectors-parabolic

p.Mussal(2925m

-- 2.42.4GHzGHz;; EthernetEthernet ;;

––11 Megabits/s11 Megabits/s

BEO MoussalaBEO Moussala(1939 - 2004)

http://www.inrne.bas.bghttp://www.beo.inrne.bas.bg

http://beo-db.inrne.bas.bg

Photo: Jordan Stamenov,Boyko Vachev, Peter Ivanov,

Ivo Kalapov, Borislav BangovDesign: Boyko Vachev

For contactsFor contactsCorrCorr.. MemMem.. Prof. D.Sc. Jordan Prof. D.Sc. Jordan StamenovStamenovjstamen@inrne.bas.bgjstamen@inrne.bas.bgteltel: (359 2) 9743 761: (359 2) 9743 761fax: (359 2) 975 36 19fax: (359 2) 975 36 19