Beta Carotene Dense Rice

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AS AN EFFECTIVE AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD-BASEDSTRATEGY TO ADDRESS VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY

Antonio A. Alfonso, Jean J. Somera, Dindo A. Tabanao, Emilie O. Espejo,Eleanor S. Avellanoza and Ronalyn T. Miranda


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y Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of preventableblindness in children. It also impairs immune system

function and increases the risk of death from certainchildhood diseases.

y Globally, approximately 670,000 children die every year

and another 350,000 go blind because they are vitaminAdeficient.


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y Golden Rice is a new type of rice that contains betacarotene, a source of vitamin A, which the bodyconverts to vitamin A as needed.


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y Because rice is widely produced and consumed,Golden Rice has the potential to reach many people,including those who do not have access to other

sources of vitamin A.


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y Golden Rice was developed using genetic modificationtechniques, with genes from maize and a common soilmicro-organism, that together produce beta carotene

in the rice plant.


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y Golden Rice was invented by Professor Ingo Potrykus,then of the Institute for Plant Sciences, Swiss FederalInstitute of Technology, and Professor Peter Beyer of

the University of Freiburg, Germany. By 1999,Professor Potrykus and Dr. Beyer produced aprototype Golden Rice and published their landmarkresearch in Science.


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y The inventors desire to donate Golden Rice as a gift toresource-poor farmers in developing countries led to apublic-private partnership with Syngenta to helpfurther develop Golden Rice.


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y Scientists at Syngenta then carried out additionallaboratory, greenhouse, and field research to help raise

the beta carotene levels in Golden Rice. In 2005, theydeveloped a new version of Golden Rice that producessubstantially more beta carotene than the 1999prototype - as published in Nature Biotechnology.


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y Syngenta arranged royalty-free access to the patentsand intellectual property, held by severalbiotechnology companies, for a number of key

technologies used in Golden Rice. This allows IRRIand others to develop Golden Rice on a non-profitbasis.


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y IRRI is the coordinating institution for the GoldenRice Network and has been working to develop Golden

Rice with national partners since 2006.


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y The works of Alfonso et. al. on Golden Rice provedthat transfer of such trait into popular local varietiescan be fast-tracked through breeding using special

selection tehniques including the use of DNA markersand direct selection for grains with intense yellowcolor. Advanced breeding lines are currentlyundergoing a confined field test, a prelude to multi-location test to verify their adaptability, stability andperformance under field condition.


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DNA Markers


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y According to research published in the AmericanJournal of Clinical in 2009, daily consumption of a verymodest amount of Golden Rice about a cup (or

around 150 g uncooked weight) could supply 50% ofthe Recommended Daily Allowance of vitamin A foran adult.


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y In April 2011, IRRI and national rice research inBangladesh and the Philippines joined with HellenKeller International to further develop and evaluate

Golden Rice as a potential tool to help combat vitaminA deficiency in those countries.


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y Golden Rice, which is genetically modified, will beavailable to farmers and consumers only after it hasbeen approved by national regulatory bodies. This

project will also generate and collect safetyinformation related to Golden Rice for submission toregulators as early as 2013 in the Philippines and 2015in Bangladesh. Golden Rice is expected to cost farmersabout the same as other rice, and they will be able tosave seeds for replanting.


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y Alfonso, Antonio A.et. al. Betacarotene-dense Rice as anEffective And Sustainable Food-Based Strategy to AddressVitamin A Deficiency (Plenary Lecture-Seminar Abstract),46thAnnual BIOTA National Convention and Scientific

Sessions,2011.p.37.y http://irri.org/news-events/media-releases/New-Golden-

Rice-partners-joinvitamin-A-deficiency-fight

y http://irri.org/news-events/hot-topics/golden-rice/golden-rice-blog/potential-benefits-of-golden-rice-highlighted-in-

recent-media-articlesy http://www.hki.org/reducing-

malnutrition/biofortification/golden-rice/


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Thank you and God Speed!!!

Reported by:

JOSHUA T. SORIANO

MAT- Science

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Beta Carotene Dense Rice