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Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Beverage Container Dataand Contamination Issues
November 8, 2006Peter Spendelow
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality
1
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Sources of data
• EPA: Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste
• Beverage/Retail industry marketing data• Alcohol sales data from state regulators• Special studies
– Waste composition for disposal
– Recycling survey and recycling composition
– Litter
2
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
EPA Glass Container Tonnage(Thousands of tons: 2005)
Material Name Disposed Recycled Generated%
recycled
Beer & soft drink 4,960 2,190 7,150 30.6%
Wine, liquor 1,390 250 1,640 15.2%
Other containers 1,810 320 2,130 15.0%
Total containers 8,160 2,760 10,920 25.3%
3
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Oregon Glass Container Tonnage
Material Name Disposed Recycled Generated % recycled
Based on EPA per capita
Beer & soft drink 60,928 26,902 87,830 30.6%
Other container glass 39,308 7,002 46,310 15.1%
Total glass bottles, jars 100,236 33,904 134,140 25.3%
Actual Oregon estimates
Beer & soft drink 10,063 63,055 73,118 86.2%
Other container glass 31,827 29,149 60,976 47.8%
Total glass bottles, jars 41,810 92,204 134,094 68.8%
4
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
EPA Report
• Source: Municipal Solid Waste in the United States – 2005 Facts and Figures
• On web at www.epa.gov/msw/msw99.htm• Based on industry production data and interviews
with recyclers – not actual measurements of disposal
• National – not local in scope• Probably weak information for some individual
components (such as wine bottle recycling rates)
5
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Beverage Marketing Data
• Beverage World’s Databank• Beverage Marketing Corporation: numerous
reports that cost ~$5,000 each• Beverage Digest Factbook – non-alcoholic
beverage data $510.• Beer Institute: Brewers Almanac 2006 – free• Data from state regulators (Oregon Liquor
Control Commission in Oregon)
6
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Beverage Marketing Data (continued)
• Generally sales data only – not recycling or disposal
• National or regional in scope – generally no state data for non-alcoholic beverages
• Brewers Almanac does have state-by-state sales data
• Consumption can vary strongly between states – beer consumption ranges between 12.2 gallons to 31.1 gallons per person
7
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Oregon Estimate of Container Disposal
• Waste composition study every 2-4 years• Detailed information on beverage containers
per tons of garbage – by beverage and container type
• Multiply by tons of solid waste to estimate total containers disposed
• Study is fairly expensive, but also gathers lots of data on other solid waste subjects.
8
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Waste composition studies are used to estimate disposal.
We count and weigh beverage containers.
9
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Oregon Estimate of Container Recovery
• Annual Material Recovery Survey– Survey all recyclers for tons of each material
collected – by source
– Each recycler also reports where they sell each material – to eliminate double-counting.
• Special study 2004-2005 of recycling composition
– combined with Material Recovery Survey to determine number of beverage containers recycled – by beverage and container type.
10
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Recycling numbers from statewide curbside/depot composition study and also DEQ’s annual material recovery survey
11
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Disposal, Recycling, and Redemption(in millions of containers: 2003 - 2004 data)
Material Name Disposed RecycledNot redeemed
Redeemed Total%
recycled
Deposit
Beer & soft drink248.9 63.0 1163.1 1475.0 83.1%
Water 101.6 49.1 1150.7 32.6%
Juice/tea/other 135.4 53.2 188.6 28.2%
Milk 46.2 39.5 85.7 46.1%
Wine 11.4 26.0 37.4 69.6%
Liquor 9.7 7.7 17.4 44.3%
Total no-deposit 304.2 179.0 483.2 37.0%
12
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Oregon Water Bottle Disposal
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1998 2000 2002 2005
Bo
ttle
s (m
illio
ns)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
13
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Oregon Rigid Plastic Container Recycling Rate(2004, 2005 are preliminary) October 4, 2006
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
14
Rigid Plastic Containers
Plastic Container Recycling Tonnage 2005 by Source
(preliminary estimates) October 4, 2006
Tons Percent Comment
Curbside/Hauler 8,458 61.3% Plus 1,700 tons est. loss
Bottle Bill 3,902 28.3%
Other (AgriPlas, Weyerhaeuser, etc.)
1,443 10.5%
Total 13,803 100%
15
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Disposal by Plastic Container Type(2005 preliminary estimates) October 4, 2006
Tons Percent
Deposit bottles 1,837 4.4%
No-deposit beverage bottles 9,803 23.5%
Non-beverage bottles 9,470 22.7%
#2,#5 tubs, pails, pots 8,912 21.4%
Other rigid plastic containers 11,682 28.0%
Total 41,704 100%
16
Beverage Container Data and Contamination Issues
Disposal by Plastic Beverage Container (2005 preliminary estimates) October 4, 2006
Tons Percent Beverage
Percent
RPCs
Deposit Bottles 1,837 15.8% 4.4%
Water Bottles 2,680 23.0% 6.4%
Juice/Tea/Sports Drinks 4,037 34.7% 9.7%
Milk Jugs/Bottles 2,577 22.1% 6.2%
Liquor Bottles 293 2.5% 0.7%
Other Beverages 216 1.9% 0.5%
Total 11,640 100.0% 27.9%
17
Metro Contamination Studies
Newspaper Contamination by Processor (Metro 2004-05 study)
(1) Old corrugated cardboard, kraft bags, old boxboard, paperboard packaging. (2) Glass, plastic and metal containers, scrap metal.(3) Weighted average of two grades that are produced.
Unbleached Non-fiber TotalProcessor Fiber (1) Recyclables (2) Prohibitives LossD 3.8% 1.1% 1.5% 6.4%B (3) 5.2% 1.7% 1.4% 8.3%G 5.2% 2.2% 2.2% 9.6%E 8.1% 1.1% 1.4% 10.5%F 4.2% 3.7% 2.8% 10.8%C 6.8% 2.1% 2.4% 11.2%Average 5.5% 2.0% 2.0% 9.5%
18
Metro Contamination Studies
2004-05 Non-fiber Recyclables in Newspaper, by processor (Metro 2004-05 study)
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
4.0%
E D B C G F
Glass Containers Plastic Bottles
Aluminum Cans Steel Cans/Scrap Metal
19
Metro Contamination Studies
2004-05 Commingled Container Loss in Newspaper (Metro 2004-05 study)
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Rigid Plastic Metal
Recycled Curbside Loss in ONP
20%
15%
20
Rigid Plastic Containers
Plastic Container Recycling Tonnage 2005 by Source
(preliminary estimates) October 4, 2006
Tons Percent Comment
Curbside/Hauler 8,458 61.3% Plus 1,700 tons est. loss
Bottle Bill 3,902 28.3%
Other (AgriPlas, Weyerhaeuser, etc.)
1,443 10.5%
Total 13,803 100%
21