Beyond the Athlete - World Anti-Doping Agency€¦ · ASIA/OCEANIA REGIONAL OFFICE ... the case of “non-analytical” rule violations, often committed by the ... Beyond the Athlete:

play trueISSUE 1 - 2007 AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCY

Beyond the

AthleteThe fight against doping arms itself against large-scale doping schemes and traffickingwith new strategies and partnerships.

pp.. 11

pp.. 22

pp.. 33

play trueAN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCY

CONTACT:

THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCYE-MAIL: [email protected]: www.wada-ama.org

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EDITORELIZABETH HUNTER

CONTRIBUTORSFRÉDÉRIC DONZÉELIZABETH HUNTERSTACY SPLETZER

TRANSLATIONSFRÉDÉRIC DONZÉ

PHOTOSSTACY SPLETZER (OUTREACH)FIBA (PARTNER PROFILE)

DESIGN AND LAYOUTANTHONY PHILBIN COMMUNICATIONS

The information published in the Play True magazinewas correct at time of printing. The opinions expressedare those of the authors alone and do not necessarilyreflect the opinions of WADA.

Reproduction of articles of the Play True magazine isencouraged. For permission, please send your writtenrequest to the WADA Communications Department [email protected]. Play True magazine must becredited in any reproduction.

RR..WW.. PPoouunndd eeddiittoorriiaall::BBeeyyoonndd tthhee AAtthhlleettee

The fight against doping mustarm itself against the upstreamorganizers and enablers of doping.

PPaaggee 11

IInntteerrppooll eeddiittoorriiaall::CCoommmmiitttteedd ttoo tthhee FFiigghhtt

Interpol Director GeneralRonald K. Noble discusseshis agency’s commitment toassisting anti-doping effortsand the need for greatercooperation at all levelsof enforcement.

PPaaggee 22

CCoovveerr ssttoorryy aanndd ssppeecciiaall ffeeaattuurree:: TThhee WWaayy FFoorrwwaarrdd

WADA Director General David Howman stresses theurgent need for the anti-doping movement to evolve,combining new strategies with the old, in order totake on large-scale traffickingand doping operations.

PPaaggee 33

TThhee WWaayy FFoorrwwaarrdd:: RReellaatteedd AArrttiicclleess

Issues and perspectives relating to the newanti-doping paradigm:

HHiigghhlliigghhttss ffrroomm aa SSttuuddyy oonn TTrraaffffiicckkiinngg ............................................pp..99TThhee AAuussttrraalliiaann MMooddeell ..................................................................................................pp..1100TTrraaffffiicckkiinngg:: WWhhaatt tthhee CCooddee aanndd CCoonnvveennttiioonn SSaayy ..........pp..1122UUNNEESSCCOO CCoonnffeerreennccee UUppddaattee..........................................................................pp..1122AA PPaarreenntt''ss PPeerrssppeeccttiivvee..............................................................................................pp..1133

CCooddee RReevviieeww && CCoonnssuullttaattiioonn

Articles and progress reports concerning the ongoingreview of the World Anti-Doping Code:

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contents

AAtthhlleettee PPrrooffiillee::RRoossaa MMoottaa

A pioneer in her sport and a rolemodel for women around theworld, Rosa Mota is consideredone of the greatest runnersof the 20th Century.

PPaaggee 1199

PPaarrttnneerr PPrrooffiillee:: FFIIBBAA

An overview of the basketballfederation’s new "No Doping Day"campaign, featuring its "CleanGame" logo, and a summary of itscontinuing efforts in the fightagainst doping.

PPaaggee 2211

WWAADDAA OOuuttrreeaacchh

A summary of WADA's activitiesat the 2006 Asian Games.

PPaaggee 2233

WWAADDAA CCooaacchh’’ss TTooooll KKiitt

WADA's newest education tool providesanti-doping organizations with aready-to-deliver doping preventionworkshop specially-tailored forelite coaches.

PPaaggee 2244

WWAADDAA UUppddaatteess && CCaalleennddaarr PPgg

RADOs .................................................2255ADAMS ................................................2255Staff Announcements ..................2255,, 22662007 Prohibited List ...........................2255New Lab Accreditation.......................2266Athlete’s Passport ..............................2266WADA Event Calendar........................2277

WWAADDAA’’ss ““LLeevveell tthhee PPllaayyiinngg FFiieelldd”” DDVVDD

WADA makes its latest tool in the fightagainst doping available for use by anti-doping stakeholders worldwide.

PPaaggee 2233

WWAADDAA PPrreessiiddeenntt iinn BBeeiijjiinngg

A recap of Richard Pound’srecent visit to the Chinese capitoland the critical messagesdelivered to the region.

PPaaggee 1188

OOppeenn LLeetttteerr ttoo TThhoossee WWhhoo PPrroommootteeMMeeddiiccaall SSuuppeerrvviissiioonn ooff DDooppiinngg

WADA Medical DirectorDr. Alain Garnier comments onthe myths at the heart of thepro-doping perspective.

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1 play true - issue 1 - 2007

As we go to press on our first issue ofPlay True for 2007, a major multi-stateinvestigation is breaking in the U.S.,exposing a pharmacy for illegalInternet sales of steroids and otherperformance-enhancing drugs,involving doctors who wroteprescriptions for patients they hadnever met, and allegedly implicatinga number of big name athletes.The timing could not be moreappropriate for us to take a hard lookat the additional strategies and toolsnecessary in the fight against dopingin sport—beyond the “traditional”model, which targets athletes throughtesting, research and education—to be more effective in protectingthe integrity of sport and thehealth of athletes.

This new evolution in anti-dopingrequires the active participation ofmultiple government and lawenforcement agencies, increasingtheir cooperation with sports, to attack

the more sinister elements in thedoping underground—the traffickers,the entourages, the “upstream”organizers of doping on a broad scale.

Some steps have been taken affirmingthe inherent jurisdiction and duty ofgovernment and law enforcement to limitthe availability and movement of bannedsubstances and to hold accountablethose who facilitate their abuse.

The UNESCO InternationalConvention against Doping in Sport,giving governments the practical toolfor aligning their domestic policieswith the World Anti-Doping Code,

came into formal effect on February 1,2007, and so far 47 nations haveratified the Convention. At the sametime, WADA and Interpol, the world’slargest police organization, recognizethe need for a stronger, more unifiedaction against doping involving lawenforcement agencies and haveagreed to work closely together.

These are important steps, but moreassertive and collaborative actionon the part of governments is nowneeded for greater progress to occur.

All remaining governments mustformally ratify the UNESCOConvention so that all nations’ anti-doping laws can be harmonized forglobal coordination. Each governmentmust ensure that its anti-doping lawsand regulations reflect these strongmeasures and that they are enforcedas such.They must give lawenforcement agencies the frameworkand tools needed to crackdown on

doping in sport. Government and lawenforcement agencies will now be ableto better coordinate their investigativework with sports authorities so that, inthe case of “non-analytical” ruleviolations, often committed by theathlete entourage, sports can sanctionthose who facilitate cheating.

We have witnessed what thesuccessful collaboration betweengovernment and sport can do to shutdown large scale organized dopingschemes, such as the BALCO andFestina affairs. But, sports authorities’efforts to protect the integrity of theirrespective sports have often been

frustrated by the difficulties in obtainingtimely cooperation and informationfrom government agencies.

We are now entering into a phaseof our activity where the real-timeinteraction between the publicauthorities and sport authoritiesmay prove decisive in the futuredevelopment of the effectiveness ofthe global fight against doping insport. On that basis, I believe it isimportant for the leadership of WADAto now pass to someone proposed bythe public authorities, who want to(and be required to) demonstrate theircommitment to this fight by findingthe necessary solutions, and I ampleased that this appears to be onthe brink of happening.

When governments and sport cametogether in 1999 to establish WADA,they were responding to an urgentneed to protect the integrity of sportand the health of athletes. They

agreed that there needed to be aglobal, harmonized, strategy thatcombined and coordinated theresources of both sports andgovernments in a 50-50 partnership.This partnership has grown andevolved in the brief seven years sinceWADA’s establishment. What’s cleartoday is that this partnership willcontinue to require the fullcommitment of both partners. The fight against doping in sport has not yet been won and there arewell-organized and well-financedindividuals and groups who aredetermined to continue and to profit from cheating.

Beyond the Athlete:Setting Our Sights on the Upstream Organizers and Enablers

Richard W. Pound, Chairman

This new evolution in anti-doping requires the activeparticipation of multiple government and lawenforcement agencies, increasing their cooperation withsports, to attack the more sinister elements in the dopingunderground—the traffickers, the entourages, the"upstream" organizers of doping on a broad scale.

Tackling doping in sport has neverhistorically been a priority for lawenforcement, responsibility forattacking this problem has insteadbeen left to regulators of sports.As Secretary General of Interpol,I believe that law enforcement mustfind a way to assist the regulators ofsports in their fight to keep athleticcompetition free of cheats.

It is important to remember thatdoping is a problem which not onlyviolates the very essence of fair andcompetitive sport, but also onewhich constitutes a criminal violationat both the national and internationallevels. Winning major events leadsto large cash prizes and lucrativeendorsement contracts.

Doping, as with all crimes, is notan issue which can be resolvedwithout cooperation at many levels.Billions of dollars are spent eachyear to make athletes, sportingevents and products more attractiveto consumers, but comparativelylittle is devoted to ensure that thesame athletes, sporting eventsand products remain pure.

Private industry and event organizersneed to take stronger steps in order totackle the problem. Legislators andprosecutors need to make sure theframework exists for offenders to becaught and punished. Views on theproduction, use and distribution ofdoping and anabolic substances differgreatly from country to country, andin many cases some of the chemicalcomponents which go into suchsubstances are not viewed as illegal.

At an international working groupmeeting convened at the InterpolGeneral Secretariat in 2004, whichincluded representatives from the

World Anti-Doping Agency and theInternational Olympic Committee,all agreed that a key element inaddressing the problem of doping isthe sharing of information and thedevelopment of a globallyco-ordinated response. We commendWADA and its leadership for theextraordinary work they are doingto fight this problem.

We have a network of InterpolNational Central Bureaus in each ofour 186 member countries, a global

While this appears to indicate thattrafficking of doping agents is a lowpriority crime area for Interpolmember countries, it alsodemonstrates that the infrastructureexists, and where there is support,law enforcement can and doesshare investigative details.

Interpol’s databases andcommunications system are policingtools which are in use 24-hours aday to assist countries combat crimethroughout the world, but these

secure police communications systemand databases, which could be usedto track individuals and networkslinked with doping.

Interpol’s Criminal InformationSystem contains vast amounts ofdata on international drug trafficking,indeed each year more than 35,000messages are exchanged betweenour member countries’ policeservices on this subject alone.Details of suspects, types ofconcealment and seizures areexchanged on a daily basis, but ofthese thousands of messages, lessthan 20 deal with cases of doping.

resources which could be used toidentify and break up dopingnetworks will remain unused withoutthe political will to act, and withoutthe encouragement for lawenforcement to take action andshare information.

Despite the many challenges whichare still ahead of us, I am convincedthat if we find the will to make this apriority then we can collectively findeffective solutions in ensuring thatthose involved in the illegal traffickingand use of doping substances will beexposed, investigated andappropriately punished.

Guest Editorial

play true - issue 1 - 2007

Interpol:Committed to the Anti-Doping Fight

It is important to remember that

doping is a problem which not

only violates the very essence of fair and

competitive sport, but also one which

constitutes a criminal violation at both

the national and international levels.

By Ronald K. Noble, Secretary General, Interpol

2play true - issue 1 - 2007

he traditional strategy forcombating doping in sporthas been, essentially, a three-

pronged approach relying on testing,research and education.

Testing serves to detect the presenceof prohibited substances and methodsin an athlete’s sample. Testing alsohas a deterrent effect: if an athleteknows that there’s a risk of beingtested and caught for doping, then theathlete would be less inclined to takethe risk. Research is necessary for

keeping testing programs up-to-date,as cheaters will always look for newsubstances and methods tocircumvent the current detectionstrategies. Strong education programsare aimed at prevention, to reachyoung athletes early enough so thatthey may develop the values andacquire the tools to help them makeappropriate decisions when facedwith the question of doping.

This three-pronged approach focusessquarely on the athlete.

But recent major busts, such as theBALCO affair in the United Statesand Festina in France, and now thebreaking U.S. investigation ofSignature Pharmacy, demonstratethat doping often occurs on abroad scale and involves theparticipation of well-financed andwell-organized members of theathlete entourage, those who profitfrom the athlete’s success, derivedfrom doping, while risking very little themselves.

The fight against doping must evolve beyond thetraditional approaches of testing, education andresearch in order to confront the reality oflarge-scale doping schemes.

WADA Director General David Howman stresses theneed for new thinking and innovative strategies in thenext evolution of the fight against doping in sport.

The Way

T

The Way Forward


Also in This Special Section:Highlights from a Study on Trafficking...................................p.9The Australian Model ............................................................p.10Trafficking: What the Code and Convention Say ..................p.12A Parent’s Perspective..........................................................p.13

There is a cast of characters that surroundsathletes—coaches and trainers, parents andteam mates, doctors and therapists, sportsadministrators (including teams, clubs andfederations), lawyers and agents, and sponsors.For the athlete, particularly the very young, theseare often relationships of trust, and should theentourage include those who care more aboutbreaking records and winning medals thanprotecting the athlete’s health and well-being,then the athlete is at serious risk for doping.

Heightening the risk is the ease with whichone can gain access to doping substances andinformation online as the Internet facilitates theclandestine buying and selling of dangerousdoping substances. Suppliers use the Web tomarket doping substances produced in countriesthat lack anti-doping legislation or enforcementand to ship to purchasers anywhere in the world.Rogue operations promote the human use ofsteroids produced for veterinary purposes.And purchasers are easily duped into buyingcounterfeit drugs, often produced with toxicingredients and containing doses so large theyendanger the health of the user. The trafficking ofdoping substances is now understood to be linked,in many cases, with organized crime and itssophisticated distribution networks, who find ita particularly high-profit low-risk business.


Forward

The Way Forward


The Way Forward

With the growing recognition ofthe power of these influences, it isimperative that additional strategiesbe combined with testing, researchand education to ensure an efficientand effective anti-doping fight.

Already, with the World Anti-DopingCode (Code), there is the ability tosanction for violations not tied totesting. These “non-analytical”violations, for which both athletesand members of the entourage canbe sanctioned within the sportenvironment (possession, trafficking,aiding, assisting and covering up),provide an opening for an importantevolution in the fight against doping,which calls for greater emphasis intwo key areas: investigationsand trafficking.

Investigations

Important progress in crackingdown on large scale doping ringshas been possible thanks to majorinvestigations led by governmentagencies and law enforcement incountries committed to outlawingthe manufacture, trafficking and

possession of doping substances.In addition, the information collectedduring these investigations isextremely valuable to sport andanti-doping authorities who arethen able to follow-up on anti-dopingviolations committed by athletes andtheir entourage. The challenge putbefore the anti-doping movementnow is, in what ways can cooperationand the sharing of information—between government agencies andlaw enforcement on the one hand,and sport and anti-doping authoritieson the other—be improved to bringgreater efficiency to the fight againstdoping in sport.

With this question in mind, WADAand the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency(USADA), with the U.S. OlympicCommittee’s support, hosted aSymposium on November 13–14, 2006,to discuss investigatory powers in the fight for clean sport.

Representatives from nationalanti-doping organizations, WADA,the International Olympic Committee,International Federations, andgovernment agencies attended thesymposium held in Colorado Springs(U.S.) to discuss how sport andgovernment can best cooperate andcoordinate activities, what meanscurrently exist to optimize the sharingof information, and what powers areavailable to anti-doping organizationsto collect proof of non-analyticaldoping violations.

Continued on page 7.

“The challenge put before the anti-doping movement now is, in what ways can cooperationand the sharing of information–between government agenciesand law enforcement on the onehand, and sport and anti-dopingauthorities on the other–be improved to bring greaterefficiency to the fight againstdoping in sport.”

The Way Forward


Strategies that could be implemented byanti-doping organizations were discussed,including: providing a hotline that peoplecould call to pass on information aboutdoping in sport; incentivizing whistle-blowing;codifying incentives (e.g., lesser penalties orimmunity) for co-conspirators who provideinformation; making it a doping offence to failto cooperate with an investigation; and makingit a doping offence to lie to an investigator.

It was stressed however that anti-dopingorganizations’ authority can only go so far,and that certain powers, such as those ofsearch and seizure, remain in the realm of lawenforcement. Consequently, effective large scaleanti-doping investigations rely on cooperationand coordination with these agencies.

The Way Forward

The Way Forward

BALCO demonstrates this well.In the initial phases of theinvestigation, non-compulsorytechniques, such as Internet searchesand garbage searches, were used byU.S. law enforcement agents to gatherevidence that served as the basis forgaining state sanction to conductmore intrusive searches, forexample of telephone and e-mailcommunications. The BALCO affairled to a 42-count indictment againstfour men—Victor Conte, BALCOexecutive James Valente, track coachRemi Korchemny and trainer GregAnderson. Among the charges:conspiracy to distribute and possesswith intent to distribute anabolicsteroids, conspiracy to defraudthrough misbranded drugs, andmoney laundering. Informationcollected in the BALCO affair andshared with USADA has resultedin 15 doping cases so far.

Australia has taken this approacheven further and developed arevolutionary model that solidifiescooperation between the anti-dopingauthority and other governmentagencies. In March 2006, theAustralian Sports Anti-DopingAuthority (ASADA) was establishedas a government agency by federalstatute. While ASADA itself does notpossess powers of compulsion orof search and seizure, other publicagencies are authorized to shareinformation with it. For example,customs officials who seize illegalsubstances may forward to ASADAthe details of the intended recipients.With the supply of such informationfrom other agencies, ASADA is able toidentify athletes suspected of doping,and then is able to concentrate itsresources on them, including targetingtesting. (See related article on page10, “Australia: Revolutionary ModelBattles Doping on All Eight Frontsof the Code.”)

There is great interest in this newapproach to the fight against doping,and preliminary reports arepromising: on February 9, 2007,ASADA announced that its newinvestigatory powers, enacted last

March, have accounted for 25 percentof doping violations. WADA, for itspart, will convene a follow-upsymposium on investigations, to behosted on April 16–17, 2007, by UKSport, with the aim of further advancingthis concept and facilitating coordinationamong sports and governments.

Trafficking

As regards the trafficking of dopingsubstances, the anti-dopingmovement faces some significantchallenges. To begin with, there isgreat inconsistency among countriesin the treatment of the production, useand distribution of doping substances.In some countries, for example, thedistribution of anabolic steroids isillegal, while in others no such lawexists. This confounds internationalefforts to stem the trafficking of thesesubstances—substances that havebeen banned by the internationalcommunity as part of the List ofProhibited Substances and Methods.Countries with laws against themanufacture and distribution ofdoping substances are required towork individually, or bi-laterally,to collect and link information ondoping networks in order to breakthem up. Interpol and WADA havedetermined the need for greatercoordination among law enforcement,but without the legal frameworks atthe domestic level, and without thesharing of information amongagencies, progress will be limited,at best. (See related article on page 2,“Interpol: Committed to theAnti-Doping Fight.”)

Indicative of the difficulties—the lack of national laws in manycountries and the failure to enforceexisting laws in others, as well asthe dearth of reliable information toaccurately describe the problemand develop solutions—is the recentreport produced by AlessandroDonati. Having served most recentlyas head of research and developmentfor the Italian National OlympicCommittee (CONI), Donati is widelyknown as an outspoken critic ofdoping in sport and has committed

much of his career to combat the useof performance-enhancing drugs.To our knowledge, Donati’s report isthe only attempt at quantifying theproblem and identifying trends onan international level by compilingin one report the recent history ofthe international trafficking of dopingsubstances. The picture painted bythis ambitious study should soundthe alarm to the internationalcommunity, and particularly to thosegovernments that have yet to committo outlawing the manufacture, supplyand possession of doping substances.(See related article on page 9,“The International Traffickingof Doping Substances.”)

While the challenges are significant,it is encouraging that the UNESCOInternational Convention againstDoping in Sport went into formaleffect on February 1, 2007, and thatthe 186 governments who made thepolitical commitment to anti-dopingby signing the CopenhagenDeclaration are now following throughon that commitment by ratifying theConvention. Individual countries’ratification of the UNESCOConvention should make way for theharmonization of domestic lawsagainst the manufacture, traffickingand possession of doping substances,since the Convention lists specificmeasures for governments to take inthis regard. (See related article onpage 12, “Trafficking: What the Codeand the UNESCO Convention Say.”)

The public, for its part, is becomingless tolerant of doping and is moreaware and concerned about itsdangers and consequences. Parentsare beginning to understand that whathappens at the elite level of sport hasa trickle-down effect on their children,who want to emulate the sports stars.Doping in sport is an issue of publichealth, therefore requiring the activeparticipation of governments to lead,especially in the areas ofinvestigations and trafficking.(See related article on page 13,“Attacking Source and Supply:A Parent’s Perspective.”)


Is the trafficking of doping substances a new phenomenon?No. As early as 1993, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (U.S. DEA) reported that many steroid traffickers were involved with drugs other thansteroids, especially cocaine, and that traffickers were well organized at the highest level. They also stated that the abuse of anabolic agents was nolonger confined to Olympic and professional sport, and had become a problem in a number of countries affecting the broader society, especiallyadolescents and young adults.

At the International Conference on Abuse and Trafficking of Anabolic Steroids, hosted in Prague in 1993 by the U.S. DEA, conference attendees(representatives of 19 countries as well as Interpol, the International Olympic Committee, the International Narcotics Control Board, the World HealthOrganization, the U.S. Department of State, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) concluded that governments should examine their nationallaws and strengthen controls over anabolic agents in order to curb their diversion into illicit traffic, as well as identify manufacturers, and quantitiesproduced, imported and exported.

What is the estimated number of users worldwide?Donati estimates that if the twenty countries in which the seizures of doping substances have been realized (and made known) have a population of790 million, then there are about 15.5 million users of doping substances in these countries (about 1.9 percent). If the same percentage is appliedto another six countries with a total population of 220 million, Donati estimates that about 4.5 million users are in these countries. He furthercalculates the percentage to be less than 0.2 percent in the rest of the world (approximately 11 million users). Donati's estimate of users worldwidecomes to 31 million.

Estimated World Total: 31 Million

Are public authorities tracking doping substance use? No. For the most part, countries only document data concerning seizures of narcotic drugs, and there is no mention of the abuse of pharmaceuticalsubstances for doping.

Is there a difference between doping and drugs?According to Donati, the tables which are used in several countries as the basis for anti-drugs legislation and for anti-doping regulations in the sportssystem show significant overlaps: amphetamines, stimulants, cocaine, heroin, and cannabis are listed often on both tables. In nearly all countries,amphetamines, stimulants, cocaine and heroin are classified as those with the greatest health hazard not only on account of their toxic effects but alsobecause they are addictive. But for drug dealers, there is no difference between doping substances and drugs.

Who are the users? Inside the black market, there is a close connection among the five categories of users:

1. professional and common sport practitioners 2. professional and common body builders 3. healthy or ill subjects improperly using, or abusing, pharmaceuticals 4. military or paramilitary corps 5. show business milieu

According to Donati, the professional and common sport practitioners make up only a small percentage of the overall consumption of doping substances.

The International Trafficking of Doping Substances:Highlights from a Research Study by Alessandro Donati

The Way Forward

A worldwide research study, performed by Alessandro Donati andpublished in February 2007, assembled information and data that may beused as the basis for an estimate of the total volume of traffic of dopingsubstances on a world scale.

The report is indicative of the challenges facing the anti-dopingmovement—the lack of national laws in many countries and the failure toenforce existing laws in others, as well as the dearth of reliable informationto accurately describe the problem and develop solutions.To our knowledge,Donati's study is the only attempt at quantifying the problem and identifying

trends on an international level by pulling together into one report theinformation available on the recent history of the international trafficking ofdoping substances. The picture painted by this ambitious study shouldsound the alarm to the international community, and particularly to thosegovernments that have yet to commit to outlawing the manufacture, supplyand possession of doping substances.

A few highlights from the study are provided below. To read the completereport, visit: www.wada-ama.org.


The Way Forward

In the past five to ten years, thoseinvolved in finding new and harder-to-detect methods of doping have beenbusy. Those who commit sportingfraud are an entrepreneurial group thatincludes not just athletes but affiliatedsupport personnel in the form ofcoaches, trainers, administrators,doctors and even parents.

While those who seek to commitsporting fraud have been busydeveloping revolutionary ways tocheat, the response of the anti-dopingcommunity has been largelyevolutionary. Indeed, excepting theintroduction of some new analyticaltechniques, a greater focus on athletewhereabouts, and the importantintroduction of the World Anti-Doping

Code (Code), in the past five to tenyears the strategy applied by anti-doping organizations towardsdetecting doping offences hascontinued to focus on testing athletes.

In recent years, anti-dopingorganizations around the globe haveconducted in the vicinity of 180,000tests per annum through a network ofthousands of doping control officers.That represents a huge and importantinvestment of funds to detect thepresence of prohibited substances inathletes’ bodies. However presence ofa prohibited substance is not the onlydoping offence under the Code. The

most serious offences, with first timesanctions ranging up to a life timeban, are reserved for non-analyticalanti-doping rule violations such astrafficking, use and possession. Theseoffences apply not just to athletes butto their support personnel.

While significant resources are beingdirected at testing, focus by anti-doping organizations on buildingdetection capability for serious non-analytical anti-doping rule violationshas been less of a priority. If we hopeto win the war on doping in sport,then this has to change.

Australia: Revolutionary Model Battles Doping on All Eight Fronts of the Code

By Richard IngsCEO, Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority (ASADA)


In March 2006 the AustralianGovernment launched the AustralianSports Anti-Doping Authority (ASADA)to assertively tackle each of the eightanti-doping rule violations of the Code.

Supported by an extensive range ofnew powers including an ability toinvestigate all allegations of dopingand to seamlessly share informationbetween Government agencies,ASADA is designed to make theAustralian Government’s ‘Tough onDrugs’ message even tougher. ASADAis applying its new powers in closeworking cooperation with otherAustralian Federal and StateGovernment partners such as theAustralian Customs Service and theTherapeutic Goods Administration oncoordinated investigations of dopingallegations in Australian sports.Thesecollaborations across Governmentagencies are beginning to showsignificant results.

ASADA has the capability toinvestigate the trafficking side of thedrugs in sport issue, where penalties

for a first offence can range up to a lifetime ban from sport. ASADA also hasthe ability to identify customers oftraffickers and determine if thosecustomers are covered by anti-dopingrules. Those who traffic prohibitedsubstances, and athletes or theirsupport personnel who do businesswith traffickers now face acoordinated and determined responsewith ASADA as the driving force.

The launch of ASADA and ourintention to fight doping on all frontsis receiving strong encouragementfrom our international anti-dopingpartners. ASADA has been involved intwo key international stakeholderforums in recent months. The first wasthe Association of National Anti-Doping Organizations (ANADO)annual conference in Cape Town. Thesecond was the WADA Symposium onInvestigatory Powers of Anti-DopingOrganizations in Colorado Springs. Ateach conference, ASADA presented itsvision for a single anti-dopingorganization tackling all eight anti-doping rule violations.

Attempting something new presentsits challenges and risks. I want toexpress my gratitude to the AustralianGovernment, Australian sport andASADA’s dedicated team for the hardwork involved in building our newvision for drug free sport. WhileASADA does not have all the answersand indeed has only identified half thequestions, we can confidently say thatnever before has an Australian athleteor their support personnel involved indoping stood a greater chance ofbeing detected and sanctioned thanthey do today. And that is a goodplace to start.

The Australian Sports Anti-DopingAuthority is Australia’s only nationalanti-doping organization, assumingthe roles and functions of theAustralian Sports Drug Agencyas of 14 March 2006.

Sample feedback that ASADA has received thus far:

“Probably the most significant presentation presenting a new direction.

We always need to look for new solutions and this is exciting.”

“Congratulations to Australia. It's really the right way.”

“Nice to hear a new approach to answer the questions we all have.”

“Very interesting approach.”

“Extremely interesting and well explained.”

"Very interesting move that they did in Australia. It's not possible in

(Country) but it was very good to know this kind of thing is possible in

another country."

For more information, visit ASADA’s Web site at: www.asada.gov.au

The Way Forward


The Way Forward

WADA called on governments tofurther intensify their efforts and fulfiltheir responsibilities in the fightagainst doping in sport during the firstsession of the Conference of Parties tothe International Convention againstDoping in Sport (Convention), heldFebruary 5–7 at UNESCO’sheadquarters in Paris (France).

“Governments have a key role in thefight against doping in sport,” saidWADA President Richard W. Pound ina statement issued prior to themeeting. “By adopting the Conventionin just two years and ratifying it withinunder a year, they set a world recordfor UNESCO and signalled their strongcommitment to clean sport. But thismilestone is also a crossroads.Governments which haven’t ratifiedthe treaty now need to move forwardwithout delay. The recent rash ofhigh-profile doping cases andinvestigations underscores the factthat public and sports authoritiesneed to increase coordination of theiranti-doping activities in order tofurther gain efficiency in this fight.”

At the conference, WADA VicePresident and French Minister of SportJean-François Lamour and WADADirector General David Howmanreiterated the call to act without delay,especially to those governmentsthat have not yet ratified theUNESCO Convention.

During the session, Russian Ministerof Sport Vyacheslav Fetisov waselected President of the Conference ofParties, responsible for monitoring theConvention. Fetisov, who is also amember of WADA’s Foundation Boardand Chairman of WADA’s AthleteCommittee, will be assisted by fourVice Presidents: Ms. Renee AnneShirley (Jamaica), Senior Adviser tothe Hon. Prime Minister; Mr. JaimeLissavetsky Diez (Spain), Secretary ofState for Sport; Mr. Zhixue Jiang(China), Director General, GeneralAdministration of Sport; and Mr.Carlos Sousa (Mozambique), Vice-Minister for Youth and Sport.

The Conference of Parties alsoadopted the 2007 Prohibited List anddiscussed the administration of theFund for the Elimination of Doping inSport. These funds, currentlyestimated at US$300,000, will beused by UNESCO to help StatesParties in three areas: developingeducation projects targeting youth andsports organizations, education ofpolicy-makers in the anti-dopingdomain, and the establishment ofmentoring programs and anti-dopingcapacity building around the world.Canada, China, Denmark, Greece,Luxemburg, Netherlands, SouthAfrica, Spain, and Sweden havealready announced their voluntarycontributions to this fund.

The Convention entered into formaleffect on February 1, 2007, and so farhas been ratified by 47 countries.

The International Convention againstDoping in Sport (Convention),unanimously accepted in October2005 by the 191 countries present atthe UNESCO General Conference andcurrently being individually ratified byeach government, formalizes theresponsibilities of governments in thefight against the trafficking of dopingsubstances.

This universal treaty, the practicalinstrument through whichgovernments align their domesticpolicies with the World Anti-DopingCode (Code), clearly specifies thatgovernments have the responsibility to

adopt measures to limit theavailability of prohibited substancesand methods in order to reduce theiruse by athletes (Article 8). In ratifyingthe Convention, public authoritiescommit themselves to the fightagainst the trafficking of dopingsubstances, and to this end, take“measures to control production,movement, importation, distributionand sale.” Further, governmentsundertake to “encourage cooperationbetween anti-doping organizations,public authorities and sportsorganizations” in the globalharmonization of the fight againstdoping (Article 13).

As for the Code, the issue oftrafficking is addressed in severalarticles. Among the possible “non-analytical” anti-doping rule violations,the Code lists “trafficking of allprohibited substances and methods”(Article 2.7), which calls for asanction of a minimum of two yearsand a maximum of life from sportsactivity (Article 10.4.2). The Codealso stresses that measures shouldbe taken by governments in severaldomains, including against theavailability of prohibited substancesand methods (Article 22.1).

Trafficking: What the Code and the UNESCO Convention Say

WADA Calls on Governments to Intensify Efforts at the UNESCO Conference of Parties


The Way Forward

Play True: What do you see as themost challenging barrier to thecrackdown on the manufacture anddistribution of the performanceenhancing drugs?

Don Hooton: I hate it when the term“performance enhancing” is used infront of the word “drug” because itdilutes the fact that we are talkingabout drugs—chemicals andcompounds that can do serious harmto the user if they are not used underthe care and control of a physician.Anabolic steroids have been provento be very dangerous—causing long-term damage to many parts of thebody and having serious effects on

the mind—and most experts agreethat these damages are seriousenough that overall life expectancy isshortened. A number of deaths havebeen attributed to the use of thesedrugs. These physical and emotionaleffects can be compoundeddramatically when these drugs areused in uncontrolled quantities andunder less-than-controlled circumstances.

But, most people in the generalpublic don’t think about steroids andother “performance enhancingdrugs” as drugs. They think aboutthem as one step up from the proteinor creatine shake that they canpurchase at their local health food

store! Just ask any athlete or youngperson if substances like steroids areakin to cocaine or metham-phetamines and they will look at youlike you’re insane. (How can asubstance that “enhancesperformance” be a drug?)

What can governments do tocounter this misperception?

Hooton: Based on objective medicalinformation, the United States hasstepped up to the plate and hasmade anabolic steroids a “controlledsubstance.” These substances arenot illegal to use as long as alegitimate doctor has issued a

Attacking Source and Supply:A Parent’s PerspectiveIn December 2005, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) announced the biggest

crackdown in U.S. history on performance-enhancing drugs. “Operation Gear

Grinder,” a two-year investigation lead by the DEA and involving the collaborative

effort of a number of U.S. state and local law enforcement agencies as well as the

Mexican Federal Agency of Investigation, resulted in 6 indictments, charging 8

anabolic steroid manufacturers in Mexico and 23 individuals with federal drug

trafficking and money laundering.

Operating in Mexico, the companies marketed their products over the Internet as

steroids for horse and cattle. The drugs were smuggled into the U.S. and then shipped

to customers. The eight companies’ combined sales in the U.S. per annum are

estimated at $56 million. Over 2,000 individuals were identified as having ordered

illegal steroids from these companies.

Present at the December 15, 2005, press conference announcing the indictment of

Alberto Saltiel-Cohen, a key figure in Mexico’s steroid industry, was Don Hooton,

whose son Taylor, a baseball player at Plano (Texas, U.S.) West Senior High School,

took his own life at 17 as a result of the abuse of anabolic steroids—steroids

manufactured by one of the companies owned by Saltiel-Cohen. Since his son’s tragic

death in July 2003, Hooton has testified before the U.S. Congress on steroid use in pro

sports and created the Taylor Hooton Foundation to raise public awareness, especially

among youth, about the dangers of steroids. Hooton shares his perspective with

Play True about the need to crackdown on source and supply of doping substances.

legitimate prescription for legitimatemedical purposes.

It is my strong opinion, based on ourpersonal experience and theknowledge that we’ve gained sinceour tragedy, that all countries shouldinclude anabolic steroids within theircountries’ laws relating to controlledsubstances. These substances aresimply too dangerous to be sold overthe counter with no controls.

Why do all countries need to act?

Hooton: Because when these drugsare not controlled in some countries,it makes it very difficult to manage inothers. For example, children cancross the border from the UnitedStates into Mexico and purchasedrugs over-the-counter that are illegalto possess without a prescription inthe U.S. And, with access to theInternet, purchasers can locatesuppliers anywhere in the world andmake their purchases. As we know,Mexico is not the only country wherethese drugs are readily available.Many countries including in EasternEurope, Russia, and China havereputations for being places wherethese drugs can be easily obtained.

A uniform approach to controlperformance enhancing drugs by allcountries will help us gain control ofthis problem. Only when all lawenforcement agencies on allcontinents are enforcing similaranti-drug laws will the effort tocontrol these substances stand achance of success.

What else needs to be done?

Hooton: To win a battle like thisrequires the battle to be waged on anumber of fronts.

Control of demand is critical. Wemust work to generate awarenessamong potential users such that theymake the decision not to use.Potential users need to know thedangers of these drugs, and that thedangers are real.

Local law enforcement agenciesneed to take meaningful steps toenforce laws that are already on thebooks so that users know that thereis a real chance of being punished ifthey are caught.

Coaches and other sports officialsneed to make it clear to their athletesthat they will not tolerate the use ofperformance enhancing drugs of anytype. They cannot continue to closetheir eyes to this problem assumingthat this is someone else’s problemto deal with. Athletes need to begiven the clear message that thecoach deciding who makes theteam and who doesn’t (life or deathdecisions from an athlete’sperspective) won’t put upwith this behaviour!

We need to show athletes that thereare healthy ways to achieve theirperformance objectives, that they donot need to resort to using drugs inorder to win. And, that educationneeds to start when our athletesare very young.


The Taylor Hooton Foundation was formed in memory ofTaylor E. Hooton, a 17-year old high school athlete from

Plano, Texas (U.S.). Taylor took his own life on July 15,2003, as a result of the abuse of anabolic steroids. Thisfoundation was established by the parents, family and

friends of Taylor after his death when they became awareof the magnitude of the growing problem among high

school athletes in the illegal use and abuse of anabolicsteroids for performance enhancement. They discoveredthat this is a serious problem among young athletes and

that young people and their parents are generallyignorant of the real dangers of this powerful drug.

The Way Forward


Code Review & Consultation

Article 23.6 of the World Anti-DopingCode (Code) assigns WADA theresponsibility of overseeing the evolutionand improvement of the Code. Withthree years of practical experiencesince the Code’s coming into force in2004, WADA has undertaken anextensive review of the Code inconsultation with its many stakeholdersto fine-tune the Code’s provisions.

The Review and Consultation is beingheld over the course of three

consultation phases resulting in threesubsequent draft revisions and willculminate with a final draft revisionbeing approved at the WorldConference on Doping in Sport,in Madrid (Spain) on November15–17, 2007.

On January 15, 2007, the First DraftRevision of the 2007 AmendedCode—the result of 11 months ofdirect input from and face-to-facemeetings with stakeholders—was

sent to 4,381 stakeholders andinterested parties with a request thatall feedback be submitted to WADA byMarch 30, 2007. A Second DraftRevision of the Code, incorporatingcomments received during the secondconsultation phase, will be circulatedfor review in June 2007.

For more information about the CodeReview and Consultation, and todownload the draft revisions, visitwww.wada-ama.org.

Code Review & Consultation Progresses on ScheduleStakeholders Actively Contribute to Draft Revisions

Doping control strategies, scientificchallenges, sanctions againstcheaters, practical improvements,increased collaboration among thedifferent stakeholders in the fightagainst doping—the symposiumhosted by the IAAF from September30–October 2, 2006, in Lausanne(Switzerland), addressed an arrayof questions and provided a forum forconstructive discussion to helpstrengthen the fight against doping,one year prior to the Third WorldConference on Doping in Sport.

Over the course of 3 days, some 400participants from around the globeheard the perspective of cleanathletes. Paula Radcliffe, holder of theworld record in women’s marathon,insisted on the need for anti-dopingorganizations to be given access toall countries in order to test athletes,in addition to stressing the need toimprove testing and analysisprocedures. Stéphane Diagana,member of IAAF’s Athlete’sCommission and WADA’s AthleteCommittee, urged consideration offinancial sanctions and the ability to

claim damages and interest fromathletes caught for deliberately doping.

As relates to sanctions, manyIAAF representatives expressed theirsupport of stronger sanctions (fouryears) for a first serious dopingviolation. Several participantsalso supported the concept of the“Athlete’s Passport,” or “the athlete’slongitudinal profile”—a concept underdevelopment by WADA for severalyears that would permit anti-dopingauthorities to identify abnormalities inathletes’ physiological parameters andtarget for testing.

Many of the questions andrecommendations brought forward atthe symposium are in fact beingaddressed in the context of the currentReview and Consultation of the WorldAnti-Doping Code (Code), which willconclude at the World Conferencenext November. Other elements thatwere raised are currently underconsideration by WADA or will beintegrated by WADA into differentcollaborative projects with the IAAFand other stakeholders.

WADA was represented at thesymposium by its Director GeneralDavid Howman, Science DirectorDr. Olivier Rabin, Medical DirectorDr. Alain Garnier, and Director ofStandards & Harmonization RuneAndersen. In addition, Prof. ArneLjungqvist, Chairman of WADA’sHealth, Medical and ResearchCommittee and Vice-President ofIAAF, played an important rolethroughout the symposium.

For more information on thesymposium, please visit the ‘Anti-Doping’ section of IAAF’s Web site,www.iaaf.org.

IAAF Hosts Symposium: Ideas to Strengthen the Fight Against Doping

WADA Director General David Howmanhighlights key opportunities and strategiesfor optimizing the fight against doping atthe IAAF Symposium in Lausanne.

The Athlete Committee of the WorldAnti-Doping Agency (WADA) met onNovember 21 in Montreal (Canada).Chaired by Vyacheslav Fetisov, Headof the Federal Agency for PhysicalCulture and Sport (RussianFederation), the Committee consistsof 13 elite international athletesespecially concerned about theprevalence of doping in sport. Inworking with WADA and providinginput on anti-doping programs andinitiatives, WADA Athlete Committeemembers represent the voice of cleanathletes and work to help level the

playing field for athletes worldwide.Former professional cyclist GregLeMond, three-time Tour de Francechampion and a proponent of cleansport, joined the committee’sdiscussion as a guest.

The Committee spent several hours inconsultation with the Code Reviewteam as part of the Code Review andConsultation that is currentlyunderway, providing valuable andconstructive feedback on provisions ofthe Code that can be improved tocombat doping, especially in the areaof sanctions for doping violations.(See related article on page 15,"Code Review & ConsultationProgresses on Schedule.")

Following a report from WADADirector General David Howman on

the current state of the fight againstdoping, the Committee stronglysupported the Agency’s focus on thenew frontier in anti-doping whichinvolves investigations. Committeemembers recognized that while

testing, scientific research andeducation play vital roles incombating doping, great advances aremade through investigatory work thatoften involves the cooperation amongmultiple government agencies andsport. When the upstream of dopingand the entourage that encouragesathletes to dope are brought to justiceand held accountable for their actions,then there will be significant progressin the fight for clean sport.

In the area of promoting clean sport,committee members encouragedathletes of all ages, sports andnationalities to make a Clean Athletepledge. Committee members agreedthat there is a great need for sportsand anti-doping authorities to promoteclean athlete campaigns and pledges.They felt that there is not enoughpublic attention focused on cleanathletes, and that clean, elite athletesshould be more vocal about theimportance of keeping sport cleanespecially because of the influencethey can have on youth. Committeemembers agreed to work within theirown countries and sports to ensurethat more athletes have theopportunity to make a pledge toClean Sport and receive importantinformation supporting their pledge,and WADA agreed to facilitate inpromoting best practices in CleanAthlete pledges and campaignsvia its Web site.

Committee members also suggestedthat there be consideration of financialpenalties for those who offend againstanti-doping rules, including penaltieson those responsible for teams,federations, or organizations in whichdoping cheats participate.

The next Athlete Committee meetingwil be hosted by the government ofPortugal on April 12–14, 2007.

Code Review & Consultation


WADA's Athlete Committee Consults on Code Revisions

Members of WADA’s Athlete Committee. Top from left: Marcus De Freire, Yoko Tanabe, Vyacheslav Fetisov,Jacqui Cooper and Stéphane Diagana. Bottom from left: Rosa Mota, Beckie Scott, Yang Yang A. ,

Rania Elwani, Sarah Ulmer and Tanja Kari (Not pictured: Kalusha Bwalya and Janet Evans.)


Comment

Following recent declarations ofcertain doctors who consider thatdoping is necessary and even healthyfor athletes, it is time to reaffirm, onceagain and without equivocation, somevery basic principles in medicalpractice and deontology.

If one is considering, in one’s role asa sports physician, that elite sport isnot healthy, then it means that thiskind of practice is not well adaptedto human physiology. If this is true,then it is difficult to justify thesupport and involvement ofphysicians in sports. After all,medical doctors have the obligationto protect the health of the athletes.

If a particular situation in sports is notcompatible with human physiologyand may be detrimental to the healthof the athlete, one has in fact only twooptions: to change the sport or therules that govern that sport to make itmore compatible with the human

Always and without exception,a medical doctor should follow theprinciples of medical practice anddefend the health of the athlete,independent of the level ofcompetition or the potential economicconsequences. In turn, sportorganizations should always ensurethis right to physicians, guaranteeingphysicians independence in theirmedical decisions and protectingthem from conflicts of interest.When faced with a situation thatposes a threat to the athlete’s health,a physician should neither accept thesituation, nor act to render itbearable. Not following these basicprinciples of medical ethics leads tovery serious consequences. Shoulda physician confronted with torturepropose medical support in orderto make it less detrimental to theindividual? Certainly not, but thosewho propose medical supervisionfor doping are following exactly thesame distorted logic.

time, perform faster, tolerate higherworkloads, or better withstand pain—but these are certainly far frombeneficial to health. To illustrate thispoint, one should consider a questionfrequently asked of physicians: incase of injury or fever, what shouldthe legitimate medical attitude be? Ingeneral medical practice, the answeris always clear. Why should it be anydifferent in sport? Can one imagine adoctor prescribing amphetamines to atruck driver because he or she is tootired to continue driving?

The use of even the most commondrugs is associated with risks andpotential side effects. Given this basicfact of pharmacology, any physicianmust understand the risk/benefit ratiobefore writing any prescription.Promoting doping for all athletescontradicts this basic principle ofmedicine. To argue that medicallysupervised doping is safer because adoctor is in charge misses the point

In addition to the ethical reasonspresented above, many other medicalarguments oppose the acceptanceof medically supervised doping.

Regardless of whether drugs ormethods used for doping purposescan effectively enhance performance,there exists no scientific evidence thatsuch practices are healthy,particularly in the mid- and long-term.Depending on the nature of thesubstance used for doping, the athletemay be able to compete for a longer

entirely. There exists no credible dataindicating that a drug is lessdangerous when prescribed by adoctor. Everyday, in hospitals andclinics worldwide, patientsexperience the side effects of drugsdespite strict monitoring by highlyexperienced doctors.

In medical practice the use of drugs isvery strictly codified with indicationsand contra-indications. There is noevidence that competing in sports orexhausting exercise is an indication

condition, or to adapt athletes to thesport. The former is the actionsupported by the scientific literature inphysiology, public health, andoccupational medicine. The latter,regrettably chosen by certain doctors,leads one to justify doping as“indispensable.”

To change sport or to changehumans? That is the question.Given the imminence of gene therapy,we must not delay in addressing thisquestion once and for all.

An Open Letter to Those Promoting the Medical Supervision of DopingBy Dr. Alain Garnier, Medical Director, World Anti-Doping Agency

Contrary to what the physicians defending doping pretend,

accepting the idea of medical supervision of doping would

immediately and irremediably lead to a generalization of doping

and an exclusion from sport of all clean athletes who are opposed

to using unnecessary drugs and want to defend the spirit of sport.

WADA President Richard W. Poundmade an official visit to Beijing inOctober 2006 to meet withgovernment and sports authoritiesregarding China’s responsibilities inthe fight against doping in sport.Pound was warmly received byMr. Liu Peng, China’s Sport Minister,President of the Chinese OlympicCommittee, and Executive Presidentof the Beijing Organizing Committeefor the Olympic Games, and byMr. Duan Shijie, Vice Minister andChairman of Chinese OlympicCommittee Anti-Doping Commission,who serves on WADA’s FoundationBoard. During the three-day program,Mr. Pound’s hosts presented China’srecent progress for an effective anti-doping program and announced thecentral government’s approval of anindependent anti-doping agency,which would be developed over thecoming months. Pound expressed hissupport for China’s efforts andstressed that the 2008 OlympicGames in Beijing are an importantopportunity for China to demonstrateits commitment to anti-doping.

Pound was honoured by the BeijingSports University (BSU) with anhonorary doctoral degree, and duringa speech he delivered to the BSU

faculty and students, he underlinedthe importance of China’s role in theglobal fight against doping:

“An Olympic host country has aspecial responsibility, both at homeand around the world, to demonstrateits commitment to doping-free sportand to ensure that its efforts are wellorganized and well funded. It mustlead by example.

“Active commitment to WADA,discharging funding obligations toWADA, adoption and implementationof the World Anti-Doping Code andratification, followed byimplementation, of the UNESCOInternational Convention againstDoping in Sport are all importantdemonstrations of such leadership.So, too, is encouraging othergovernments in the area to act in

the same manner. With leadershipcomes responsibility.

“These international commitmentsshould be supported by a vigoroustesting program supervised by anindependent national anti-dopingagency that is properly funded andable to carry out unannounced out-of-competition tests and to follow-up onall results. Laboratory expertise needsto remain at the highest level, sincethe doping methods used today areincreasingly sophisticated. One of thepurposes of my visit is to offer theassistance of WADA in the developmentand implementation of effectiveand comprehensive anti-dopingprograms and activities.”

Pound’s entire speech to the BSUmay be downloaded from WADA’sWeb site at www.wada-ama.org.

for the use of EPO or bloodtransfusions. Accepting this use (ormisuse) of pharmacological agents isequivalent to defining sports medicineas the experimental practice ofmedicine in athletes and to useathletes as research subjects withouttheir consent, therefore denying therules of such a “medicine.”

Contrary to what the physiciansdefending doping pretend, acceptingthe idea of medical supervision ofdoping would immediately and

irremediably lead to a generalizationof doping and an exclusion from sportof all clean athletes who are opposedto using unnecessary drugs andwant to defend the spirit of sport.To encourage doping may bebeneficial for their promoters, butnot for sport and athlete health.

To pretend that allowing dopingwould induce an equal playing fieldis not simply absurd; it is morallywrong and irresponsible. To acceptdoping would allow the use of

economic resources and scientificexpertise to decide competition, andonly those with access to thoseresources and expertise would win.Can one imagine a wider inequity inthis world than that of scientificknowledge and availability ofmedicines? Certainly not. It wouldmean the end of merit for athletes. Itwould mean that prizes and medalswould no longer be awarded toathletes but to pharmaceuticalcompanies and research teams.

WADA President in Beijing


WADA President Stresses China's Responsibility to Advance Anti-DopingReceives Honorary Degree from Beijing Sports University

Mr. Liu Peng, China's Sport Minister (right), welcomes WADA President Richard Pound to Beijing in October 2006 andexpresses China's commitment to combating doping and contributing to global anti-doping efforts.


Rosa MotaA Nossa Rosinha (Our Little Rose)

“It is better to be last and be honest, than to win a race by cheating.”

A pioneer in her sport and a rolemodel for women around theworld, Rosa Mota is consideredone of the best runners of the20th Century. She is also one ofthe most popular athletes Portugalhas ever produced and today isdevoted to promoting health,solidarity and exercise.

Born on 29 June 1958 Rosabegan running cross-country atthe age of 14 after an activechildhood of practicing manydifferent sports. She was foreverimpacted after winning her firstmarathon at the 1982 EuropeanChampionships. It was the firsttime the women's marathon wason the program at this majorchampionship and, although notfavoured for the gold, Rosa wenton to win this historic event. Quitesimply, Rosa did not pick the sportof distance running, the sportchose her.

Her win was the start of animpressive career which included

winning Olympic gold, a WorldChampionship, three EuropeanChampionships and prestigiousmarathons such as Chicago,London and Boston.

Rosa's courageous spirit, fiercedetermination and love for sporthave expanded to all areas of herlife especially since retiring in1994. Today she serves asPortugal's Ambassador for FairPlay and continues to give back tosport as a member of WADA'sAthlete Committee. Rosa sharesher thoughts on running and anti-doping with Play True.

Play True: When you look back onyour career, what has the sport ofmarathon running given you?

Rosa Mota: Running has given mealmost everything I am today. Ithas given me many of the friendsthat I have in the world and it hastaught me how to understand mybody and know my limits. It hasalso given me great happiness.

Play True: How important is it forathletes like you to be role modelsfor younger athletes?

Rosa: I think we can help youngathletes to do good things insport. If you love sport and if youwork hard and with pleasure, youcan achieve great things. Youmust always be honest, clean andnot take drugs.

Play True: What is the messageyou want to get out to youngathletes?

Rosa: Have sport ethics bothinside and outside of competition.Learn to win, learn to lose andlearn to live with fame.

Play True: What would you tell anathlete considering the use ofperformance enhancingsubstances?

Rosa: It is better to be last and behonest, than to win a race bycheating.

Athlete Profile

Quick Stats: Name:Rosa Mota

Nationality:Portuguese

Date of Birth:29 June 1958

Sport:Athletics/Marathon

Rosa’s Ten Words of WisdomAthletes …

1. Only do what you enjoy doing

2. When you find what you enjoy doing, do it to its fullest capacity

3. Be professional and have total dedication, remembering that life goes beyond

competitive sport

4. Learn to know and value the athletes that precede you

5. Treat your adversaries as you would like to be treated

6. Never forget your origins, including who introduced you to sport, your first club and your

first friends

7. Define your goals, be ambitious and dream a bit, but know that without hard work, you

will achieve nothing or very little

8. Take advantage of your international sports career to make as many friends as possible

9. Never abdicate your ethical principles

10. Always fight against doping


Major Achievements:Olympic Champion (1988 Seoul)World Champion3-time European Champion2-time Chicago Marathon Champion3-time Boston Marathon ChampionLondon Marathon Champion

Basketball’s Clean Message

By Florian Wanninger, Head of Communications, FIBA

The International BasketballFederation (FIBA) launched a newlogo as part of its continuing fightagainst doping last summer on theoccasion of its World Championships.

The launch witnessed huge supportfrom all the players of the 2006 FIBAWorld Championships for Men andWomen in Japan and Brazil. Allplayers from each of the quarter-finalteams at both events participated in ashow of support to keep basketball adrug-free game.

The players wore orange t-shirts withthe new logo for the "No Doping Day"campaign, which features the "CleanGame" slogan. The logo was designedby a French designer company andpresents the shape of a basketballembedded in a fingerprint composedby lines which read the slogan in 15different languages.

our game will be much stronger tokids and other players than anyeducational material from FIBA. Inany case, informing and educatingour young players at schools andclubs as well as testing will remainour priorities."

The players wore the “Clean Game”t-shirts during the warm-ups of theirquarter-final games. A similarinitiative was carried out during theFIBA World Championship for Men inJapan, where the players also showedtremendous support for the project.

Due to the impact and popularityobserved during and after thelaunching of the logo, FIBA hasdecided to produce and present onthe FIBA Store Web page in the nearfuture “Clean Game” FIBA articlessuch as t-shirts and othercommercial items.

and U21 championships. Educationalposters are placed in the locker roomsof all teams and, in addition, anti-doping leaflets are distributed in fivelanguages so as to warn the youngplayers of the abuse of drugs.

“One of the biggest problems weface today is the abusive use of foodsupplements, which can be bought inregular drugstores without prescription,”stated Dr. Jacques Huguet from theFIBA Medical Commission. “We needto warn athletes of the traps whichcome along.”

Testing at the main FIBA events isanother focus of FIBA’s effort in thearea. Some 100 tests were carriedout in Japan and Brazil, all of whichwere negative.

“This is a splendid result forbasketball, but it should not lead us to

The campaign is part of the next stageof FIBA's educational effort in the fightagainst doping and focuses onsending a positive message to all ofthe young persons playing basketballaround the world.

"All of the players at our WorldChampionships have been brilliant.Their cooperation and support of thiscampaign have been outstanding,”said FIBA President Bob Elphinston.“A message from the star players of

The support of athletes in drug-freebasketball campaigns has a longtradition. During the 2002 FIBAWorld Championship in Indianapolissome of the most famous basketballplayers in the world, such as China’sYao Ming and Argentina’s ManuGinobili, participated in a video clipcampaign which was aired ontelevision during the event.

FIBA also focuses on campaigns atyouth events such as the U16, U19

believe that our sport is free ofdishonest attempts to enhanceperformance,” stated PatrickBaumann, Secretary General of FIBA.

“In cooperation with the athletes,our members and partners, we haveto intensify education and testingon all levels.”

Partner Profile


Members of the men’s and women’s teams who took part in the FIBA launch of its new ‘No Doping Day’ logo at the 2006 FIBA World Championships for Men andWomen, held last year in Japan and Brazil. Featuring FIBA’s new ‘Clean Game’ slogan, the campaign is part of the next stage in FIBA’s education effort againstdoping in sport.

Outreach

WADA brought a number of its keyprograms to support anti-doping atthe 2006 Asian Games, heldDecember 1–15 in Doha, Qatar.WADA’s Independent Observers (IO)monitored doping control and resultsmanagement, while an AthleteOutreach team interacted withathletes and informed them aboutanti-doping in the Athletes Village.A Media Information booth was alsoon hand during the first days of theGames in the Main Media Center.And ADAMS (Anti-DopingAdministration & ManagementSystem), the web-based databasemanagement system developed byWADA, was used by the AsianGames organizers to manage theirdoping control activities. The AsianGames, the largest sporting event onthe continent, take place every four

years. The 15th Asian Gamesgathered 11,000 athletes from45 countries for competition in39 sports and disciplines.

The IO team was led by GraemeSteel, Executive Director of NewZealand Anti-Doping Agency. Otherteam members included AdrianLorde, President of the BarbadosNational Anti-Doping Commission,Nicole Sapstead, Anti-DopingManager for UK Sport; Swiss lawyerAlexandre Kamerzin, and Tom May,WADA Doping Control Manager.

The Outreach team included ElenaTveritina of the Russian FederalAgency for Culture and Sport,Xinzhai Wang of China’s Anti-DopingCommission, Natasha Prudente ofBrunei’s Ministry of Youth and

Sports, and Stacy Spletzer, ShannanWithers et Frédéric Donzé of WADA.

In addition, WADA hosted a pressconference and piloted a MediaOutreach program in Doha in orderto educate media from the regionabout the fight against doping insport. An information booth was setup in the Media Center by WADAMedia Relations Manager FrédéricDonzé who was able to interact withhundreds of journalists and provideimportant information about WADA,the Code, and global efforts tocombat doping.

WADA expresses its deepappreciation to the Olympic Councilof Asia for its assistance infacilitating WADA's role at theAsian Games.

WADA Programs Support Anti-Doping at the Asian Games

With the support of TAM-TAM TBWA,the Montreal-based partner of TBWA,one of the world’s leading advertisingagencies, WADA has produced a two-minute video promoting the virtues ofClean Sport from the perspective of theClean Athlete. The video gets to theheart of the topic—that Clean Athletesare the real heroes who make bravechoices everyday by not doping. Theydeserve competition that is safe andfair. They deserve a level playing field.

The video is available in DVD, free ofcharge, to all stakeholders and may beused at conferences and meetings tointroduce the fight against doping insport, remind audiences of thesignificance of anti-doping efforts,and inspire them to support the fightfor clean sport.

The DVD provides the video in threelanguages: English, French and Spanish.Reproduction of the video, withoutalteration, is encouraged provided it isnot used for economic gain.

Designed to be universal, using the“voice” (and not “image”) of the CleanAthlete, the DVD facilitates translationinto other languages by requiring only are-recording of the voice over.

To receive a free copy of the DVD, or forpermission to reproduce or translate theDVD, please send your written requestto the WADA CommunicationsDepartment at [email protected] watch the brief video (low resolution),visit WADA’s Web site atwww.wada-ama.org.

WADA Shares "Level the Playing Field" Video with Stakeholders

WADA engaged both media and athletes in anti-doping outreach programs at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha, Qatar, this past December.

Two-Minute Video Captures the Voice of the Clean Athlete

WADA’s newest education toolprovides anti-doping organizationswith a ready-to-deliver dopingprevention workshop specially-tailored for elite coaches. Becausecoaches have so much influenceover athletes, educating them is aneffective means of getting doping-freesport messages to competitors andtheir entourages.

The Coaches’ Tool Kit, elaborated byWADA in collaboration with aWorking Group made up of variousstakeholder representatives, containsa ready-to-deliver doping preventionworkshop for elite coaches. Themodular format of the workshopoffers a core three-hour trainingprogram that can be extended up toa full day with the inclusion of ‘à lacarte’ optional modules.

The workshop is designed so thatmost of its content is deliveredinteractively, through scenarioanalyses, problem-solving and small

group discussions. Workshopparticipants hone their awareness ofan elite coach’s roles and responsi-bilities with respect to doping-freesport, increase their knowledge ofapplicable regulations and of issuesrelevant to their context and athletes,and benefit from useful referencematerials for doping prevention. “Theworkshop was fantastic, and I highlyrecommend it for other coaches,”declared a participant at a sessionheld at the Institute of Coaching andSport Education in Hungary.

The Tool Kit provides all the necessaryelements to stage the workshop, fromits promotion to its evaluation,including an Organizer Guide,Facilitator Guidelines, a slidepresentation with speaking notes,audiovisual material, a ParticipantWorkbook as well as numerousreference documents and practicalhandouts. Already produced inEnglish, French and Spanish, severalNational Anti-Doping Organizations

are now translating the Tool Kit intoother languages. Users are alsowelcome to tailor the program byadding sport- or country-specificcontent. Jocelyn East, from theCanadian Centre for Ethics in sport(CCES), recently led a trial workshopand was impressed with the program:“This workshop constitutes a solidfoundation for the development ofeducation programs for coaches.”The Coaching Association of Canadaalso hopes to work closely with CCESto implement this programthroughout Canada.

A second section of the Tool Kit,currently under development, willmore specifically target youthcoaches. For information regardingthe Coaches’ Tool Kit, please contactthe WADA Education Team [email protected], or visit theEducation section of WADA’s Web siteat www.wada-ama.org.

Education


WADA Launches Coaches' Tool KitReady-to-deliver doping prevention workshop for elite coaches gives

anti-doping organizations a head start in anti-doping education duties.


WADA Updates

Several new Regional Anti-DopingOrganizations (RADOs) have beenlaunched over the past severalmonths, specifically in WestAfrica (Zone II & III) and inCentral Asia. The goal of theRADO program, whose creation isfacilitated by WADA, is tocombine resources in regionswhere there currently exists littleor no anti-doping activities to

establish anti-doping programs thatcan be shared across borders. (Foran in-depth look at RADOs, pleaseconsult Play True, Issue 2-2006.)Thanks to this program, 91countries previously without anti-doping programs are now active inthe fight against doping in sport.The objective is for all countries ofthe world to be engaged in anti-doping by 2010.

New RADOs Established

Several new partners have adoptedADAMS, the web-based databasemanagement system developed byWADA to help stakeholders worldwidecoordinate their anti-doping activities.

On 18–19 January, at the IBU(Biathalon) World Cup hosted inPokljuka (Slovenia), 25 of the world's60 highest ranking biathletesattended a workshop presented byWADA's Director of InternationalFederation Relations Jean PierreMoser on ADAMS. Following theworkshop, IBU announced thatathletes registered in its testing pool

will report their Whereaboutsinformation using the ADAMSsystem starting April 1, 2007.

Virtually all anti-dopinglaboratories and 22 anti-dopingorganizations have implementedADAMS. The 2006 Asian Gamesorganizers used the system tomanage the event's doping control.The 2007 PanAmerican Gamesare also planning to use ADAMSfor this purpose. In addition,ADAMS training sessions are beinghosted by WADA in many regionsof the world.

Jean-François Lamour Elected Vice President of WADAWADA's Foundation Boardunanimously elected Jean-FrançoisLamour, French Minister of Youth,Sport and Voluntary Work, as theAgency's new vice president. MinisterLamour, representing governmentsand whose one-year term began onJanuary 1, 2007, replaces BrianMikkelsen, Danish Minister of Sport,who has just completed his second oftwo consecutive one-year terms.WADA's Foundation Board will elect anew president and vice-president for aterm of one year at its meeting inNovember 2007. (For moreinformation about the election

procedure, visit WADA's Web site atwww.wada-ama.org.)

Lamour (51) has won severalOlympic medals and worldchampionships in Fencing, notablytwo Olympic titles (Los Angeles in1984 and Seoul in 1988).Holding degrees in chemistry andphysiotherapy, Lamour served asAdviser on Youth and Sport to theOffice of the Mayor of Paris(1993–1995), Adviser on Youthand Sport to the President of theRepublic (1993–1995), and becameMinister of Sport in 2002. Jean-François Lamour

2007 Prohibited ListAvailable in Booklet FormatAs is its annual custom, WADA haspublished this year's Prohibited Listin a tri-lingual (English, French andSpanish) booklet. Through WADA'sContent Sharing Program,stakeholders are able to co-brandWADA publications, including theList and the Athlete Guide, withtheir own logo for dissemination toathletes and the athlete entourage.For more information, and todownloaded the List from WADA'sWeb site, visit "Resources for Anti-Doping Organizations" atwww.wada-ama.org.

More Stakeholders Adopt ADAMS

On January 29, 2007, WADAannounced its support of Athletes forTransparency (AFT), a pilot researchstudy launched in France for thelongitudinal follow-up of athletebiological parameters. The AFTproject advances the concept of theAthlete's Passport which WADA hasbeen developing since 2002 andwhose objective is to track biologicaldata from athletes over a period oftime in order to identify abnormalprofiles in the context of the fightagainst doping.

Momentum for this area of researchhas picked up recently, in large partdue to questions raised during the2006 Olympic Winter Gamessurrounding "no start" suspensions ofathletes by their federations followinghealth checks that reported high

haemoglobin levels. (While highhaemoglobin levels may result fromhigh altitude training, some havequestioned whether the large numberof athletes returning highhaemoglobin levels might indicatedoping.)

Since the 2006 Turin Games, WADAhas convened several meetings ofsports and anti-doping experts toexplore and develop the concept. Theconsensus of these expert meetings isthat the analysis of blood parametersshould be considered as part of theanti-doping process itself as it can

WADA Updates


WADA is pleased to announce the appointment of Osquel M. Barroso, as theAgency's new Senior Manager, Science. Barroso will be in charge of the day-to-daymanagement of some of the key projects in the Science Department.

A naturalized Italian since September 2006, Barroso was born in Havana, Cuba.He studied radiochemistry at Moscow State University (1987-1992), finishing witha Master degree in Chemistry with Distinction. In 1996-1997, he was awarded aBritish Chevening Scholarship by the British Council to study an MSc in Immunologyat the former Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London. He finished top of thecourse, with Distinction, and was awarded the ICI Prize for Best Student of the Year.

Barroso was also awarded a studentship by GlaxoWellcome for a PhD Project in1998-2002. After finishing the PhD he worked as a post-doc at the same lab,Imperial College until March 2004. He then joined GlaxoSmithKline as a SeniorScientist and was promoted to Principal Scientist, responsible for the leadershipof pre-clinical therapeutic projects for autoimmune indications. Barroso was grantedthe Exceptional Science Award for the contributions to project progression.

WADA Appoints New Senior Manager for Science

WADA Advances Athlete's Passport

Ath letes For Transparency

Osquel Barroso

help to identify suspicious profiles. Ithas also been agreed that longitudinalanalysis of athlete blood parametersshould be registered in a database, tobe used in target testing andsanctioning when abnormal values areobserved.

WADA decided to support the AFT pilotbecause it will help to study thetechnical, scientific and legal feasibilityof the Athlete's Passport concept, aswell as provide the opportunity to testand develop the most appropriatemodels for decision-making in relationto abnormal profiles.

34th Anti-Doping Laboratory AccreditedIn November 2006, WADAannounced the accreditation of a newlaboratory in Salt Lake City, USA. TheSport Medicine Research and TestingLaboratory (SMRTL) successfullycompleted the requirements of the

WADA accreditation processmonitored by the Agency's LaboratoryCommittee and was subsequentlyaccredited by WADA's ExecutiveCommittee. There are now 34 WADA-accredited laboratories in the world.

Temple Square in Salt lake City, Utah.

WADA Program Calendar. For the most current updates, visit www.wada-ama.org

IF SYMPOSIUM

ATHLETE OUTREACH

CODE REVIEW & CONSULTATION

ANTI-DOPING PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

WADA holds this annual symposium to discuss anti-doping issues and coordination with International Federations (IFs) anti-doping experts.MMaarrcchh 2277––2288,, 22000077.. Lausanne, Switzerland.

LEGAL SYMPOSIUMWADA, in collaboration with UK Sport, is co-organizing an experts meeting on the topic of anti-doping investigations, jurisdictions and powers.AApprriill 1166––1177,, 22000077.. London,UK.

CID AND CADE MEETINGSThe Americas Council of Sport (CADE) and the Ibero-American Council of Sport (CID) host meetings during which WADA presents global and regionalprogress in the fight against doping in sport and strategies to address future challenges. AApprriill 1166––2211,, 22000077.. San Juan, Puerto Rico.

4TH ASIAN REGION INTERGOVERNMENTAL MEETINGRepresentatives from governments in the Asian Region and WADA meet to discuss anti-doping progress in the region and support for WADA and itsprograms. MMaayy 2288––2299,, 22000077.. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

WADA's Athlete Outreach program raises awareness and encourages doping-free sport through direct interaction with athletes at major sporting events worldwide.

The World Anti-Doping Code (Code) represents one of the most important achievements to date in the fight against doping in sport. The Code is the coredocument that provides a framework for harmonized anti-doping policies, rules and regulations among sports organizations and public authorities. Building onthe experience gained to date and to further advance anti-doping efforts, WADA has initiated a Code consultation period, similar to that used in itsdevelopment, for a practical review of its provisions and fine-tuning them to enhance anti-doping programs. The Code consultation process commenced inApril 2006 and has now entered its second of three stages of consultation. The first draft of the revised Code was sent out to all stakeholders for their feedbackin January 2007. Consultation includes the following meetings.

WADA works with stakeholders to facilitate the establishment of strong anti-doping programs in sports and regions throughout the world. The followingare meetings of various development programs, including those of Regional Anti-Doping Organizations (RADOs).

ADAMS TRAINING

ADAMS (Anti-Doping Administration & Management System) is the web-based database management system that coordinates anti-doping activitiesworldwide. WADA hosts training sessions for stakeholders adopting the ADAMS system.

March 2–3March 15–16March 27–30April 12–13April 17–18May 6–9May 16–17May 24–25June 2–3June 15–16JuneJune

Oceania RADO Board MeetingEastern Europe RADO Project Team MeetingSoutheast Asia Board Meeting and DCO TrainingAfrica Zone V RADO Board MeetingAfrica Zone IV RADO Project Team MeetingGulf States and Yemen RADO Board Meeting and DCO Training / EducationSouth Asia RADO Project Team MeetingInternational Doping Control SeminarAfrica Zone II & III RADO MeetingCaribbean RADO Board MeetingCentral Asia RADO Board Meeting and DCO TrainingWest Asia RADO Project Team Meeting

Nadi, FijiMinsk, BelarusSingaporeNairobi, KenyaSao Tome and PrincipeRiyadh, Saudi ArabiaMaldivesTromsø, NorwayNigerBarbadosTehran, IranJordan

April 9–10April 22–27May 12–13

Code Project Team to review comments Sport Accord - Meeting with stakeholders and commencement of drafting of 2nd draftPresentation of 2nd draft to WADA Executive Committee and Foundation Board

Montreal, CanadaBeijing, ChinaMontreal, Canada

March 11–13July 11–23July 13–29August 8–18

FIS Nordic Junior World Ski Championships + U 23 Cross-CountryAll Africa GamesPan American GamesWorld University Games

Tarvisio, ItalyAlgiers, AlgeriaRio de Janeiro, BrazilBangkok, Thailand

INDEPENDENT OBSERVERSThe Independent Observer (IO) program helps enhance athlete and public confidence at major events by randomly monitoring, auditing and reporting on all phases ofthe doping control and results management processes.

EDUCATION TRAVELING SEMINAR

WADA’s Traveling Seminars raise understanding about anti-doping efforts, disseminate general information about anti-doping in sport and offer guidanceand practical tools for initiating or enhancing anti-doping education programs among WADA stakeholders throughout the world.

March 12–13 SeychellesMarch 16–17 Mauritius March 23–24 Madagascar

March 29–30 Lausanne, SwitzerlandApril 2–3 Cape Town, South AfricaMay 2–5 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

July 11–23 All Africa Games Algiers, AlgeriaJuly 13–29 Pan American Games Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

WADA Calendar

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Documents

Beyond the Athlete - World Anti-Doping Agency€¦ · ASIA/OCEANIA REGIONAL OFFICE ... the case of “non-analytical” rule violations, often committed by the ... Beyond the Athlete: