Bibliography.

Andrews, G., Cavell, P., & Wall, J., 2003. The rough guide to cycling in London. London: Rough Guides.

Baines, J., & Morgan, B., 2004. Sustainability appraisal: a social perspective. [Online] Available at: http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G02181.pdf [Accessed 1 July 2011].

Barton, H., Grant, M. & Guise, R., 2010. Shaping neighbourhoods for local health and global sustainability. London: Routledge.

Bell, S., 2009. Are women cyclists in more danger than men? [Online] 9 October. Avail-able at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8296971.stm [Accessed 7 August 2011].

Bikeaway, 2004. The answer to your cycle parking problems. [Online] 31 March. Available at: http://www.bikeaway.com/links.htm [Accessed 11 July 2011].

BikeBiz, 2005. Cycling in cities is bad for your health, warns heart doc. [Online] 22 August. Available at: http://www.bikebiz.com/news/read/cycling-in-cities-is-bad-for-your-health-warns-heart-doc [Accessed 15 July 2011].

Bluestone, C., 2011. Bicing. In: A. Steffen, ed., 2011. Worldchanging - a user’s guide for the 21st century. 2nd ed. New York: Abrams. pp.214-215.

Bramley, G., Dempsey, N., Power, S., & Brown, C., 2006. What is ‘social sustainability’ and how do our existing urban forms perform in nurturing it?. [Online] Available at: http://www.city-form.org/uk/pdfs/Pubs_Bramleyetal06.pdf [Accessed 1 July 2011].

British Broadcasting Corporation, 2011. London cycle hire operator penalised £5m. [On-line] (Updated 7 June 2011) Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-13687991 [Accessed 14 July 2011].

Brown, L. R., 2001. Eco-economy. London: Earthscan.

Bryant, M., 2010. How to find a property hotspot: look our for the Boris bikes. London Evening Standard. 10 September. Available at: http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23876011-how-to-find-a-property-hotspot-look-out-for-a-line-of-boris-bikes.do [Accessed 14 July 2011].

Buehler, R. & Pucher, J., 2010. Cycling to sustainability in Amsterdam. Sustain. (21) pp.36-40.

Buis, J. & Wittink, R., 2000. The economic significance of cycling. [Online] Available at: http://www.ocs.polito.it/biblioteca/mobilita/EconomicSignificance.pdf [Ac-cessed 13 July 2011].

Bulpitt, M., 2002. Eurovelo: the European cycle network: guidelines for implementation. Sustrans.

Burdett, R. & Sudjic, D., eds., 2007. The endless city. London: Phaidon Press Ltd.

Campbell, R. & Wittgens, M., 2004. The business case for active transportation. [Online] Available at: http://thirdwavecycling.com/pdfs/at_business_case.pdf [Accessed 5 July 2011].

Carlsson, C., 2011. The political and economic implications of bicycling tourists. [Online] (Updated 2 May 2011) Available at: http://sf.streetsblog.org/2011/05/02/the-political-and-economic-implications-of-bicycling-tourists/#more-266639 [Accessed 31 July 2011].

Cheng, V., 2010. Understanding density and high-density. In: E. Ng, 2010. Designing high-density cities for social and environmental sustainability. London: Earthscan. pp.3-18.

City of Amsterdam, 2008. Amsterdam paves the way for cyclists. [Online] Avaliable at: http://www.sanjoseca.gov/planning/gp_update/documents/_2008-10-brochure-amsterdam-paves-the-way-for-cyclists_000.pdf [Accessed 5 July 2011].

Coalition for Adequate Review and Ninety Nine Percent & Anderson v City and County of

San Francisco, 2010. [Online] Available at:

http://sf.streetsblog.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/DOCorder.pdf [Accessed 10 August

2011].

Crawford, J. H., 2002. Carfree cities. Utrecht: International Books.

Dale, S., 2010. Proximity to London underground boosts property prices. Mortgage Strat-egy. 16 July. Available at: http://www.mortgagestrategy.co.uk/economy/proximity-to-london-underground-boosts-property-prices/1015299.article [Accessed 14 July 2011].

de Vries, I.D. & Jenman, D. B., 2006. The potential of electric bicycles to provide low cost transport, mobility and economic empowerment in South Africa. [Online] Available at: http://www.gtkp.com/assets/uploads/20091129-210459-742-Ebikes%20in%20S%20Africa.pdf [Accessed 15 July 2011].

Dekoster, J. & Schollaert, U., 1999. Cycling: the way ahead for towns and cities. [Online] Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/cycling/cycling_en.pdf [Accessed 5 July 2011].

Detailhandel Nederland, 2009. Winkeliers: Eerste half uur gratis parkere. [Online]Available at: http://www.dedetailhandel.nl/images/pdf/007_Winkeliers_eerste_half_uur_gratis_parkeren.pdf [Accessed 5 July 2011].

Dorn, P., 2007. Andy Thornley: cycling organizer. [Online] (Updated 29 July 2007) Avail-able at: http://bikecommutetips.blogspot.com/2007/07/andy-thornley-cycling-organizer.html [Accessed 31 July 2011].

Drennen, E., 2003. Economic effects of traffic calming on urban small businesses. [On-line] Available at: http://www.emilydrennen.org/TrafficCalming_full.pdf [Accessed 31 July 2011].

Dvorak, P., 2008. San Francisco ponders: could bike lanes cause pollution? The Wall Street Journal, [Online] 20 August. Available at: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121919354756955249.html [Accessed 25 July 2011].

Eastoe, J., 2010. Britain by bike. London: Anova Books Company Ltd.

European Union, 1997. The Treaty of Amsterdam - amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European communities and certain related acts. [On-line] Available at: http://www.eurotreaties.com/amsterdamtreaty.pdf [Accessed 3 July 2011].

Farr, D., 2008. Sustainable urbanism - urban design with nature. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Fietsberaad, 2011a. Cyclists spend as much in supermarket as motorists (translated from Dutch) [Online] Available at: http://www.fietsberaad.nl/index.cfm?lang=nl&section=nieuws&mode=newsArticle&repository=Cyclists+spend+as+much+in+supermarket+as+motorists [Accessed 9 July 2011].

Fietsberaad, 2011b. Higher income brackets cycle as well in Amsterdam. Available at: http://www.fietsberaad.nl/index.cfm?lang=nl&section=nieuws&mode=newsArticle&repository=Higher+income+brackets+cycle+as+well+in+Amsterdam [Accessed 9 August 2011].

Fitzpatrick, J., 1998. The bicycle in wartime. London: Brassey’s.

Gaffron, F., 2005. The implementation of walking and cycling policies. In: K. Donaghy, S. Poppelreuter & G. Rudinger, 2005. Social dimensions of sustainable transport. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited. pp.195-208.

Garrett-Peltier, H., 2010. Estimating the employment impacts of pedestrian, bicycle and road infrastructure. case study: Baltimore. [Online] Available at: http://www.bikeleague.org/resources/reports/pdfs/baltimore_Dec20.pdf [Accessed 6 July 2011].

Garrett-Peltier, H., 2011. Pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure: a national study of employ-ment impacts. [Online] Available at: http://www.peri.umass.edu/236/hash/64a34bab6a183a2fc06fdc212875a3ad/publication/467/ [Accessed 6 July 2011].

Gavron, N. 2007. Towards a carbon neutral London. In: R. Burdett & D. Sudjic, eds., 2007. The endless city. London: Phaidon Press Ltd. pp.372-385.

Gilderbloom, J. I., Hanka, M. J., & Lasley, C. B., 2008. Amsterdam: planning and policy for the ideal city? [Online] Louisville: Centre for Sustainable Urban Neighborhoods.Available at: http://sun.louisville.edu/pdfs/Amsterdam_Article.pdf [Accessed 5 July 2011].

Gilligan, A., 2010. How to make Boris Johnson’s ‘cycle superhighways’ less pointless. The Telegraph. 19 July. Available at: http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/andrewgilligan/100047776/how-to-make-the-cycle-superhighways-less-pointless/ [Accessed 14 July 2011].

Gotschi, T. & MIlls, K., 2008. Active transportation for America. [Online] Available at: http://www.railstotrails.org/resources/documents/whatwedo/atfa/ATFA_20081020.pdf [Ac-cessed 10 July 2011].

Gordon, R., 2006. Judge puts city’s bicycle plan on hold. San Francisco Chronicle, [On-line] 24 June. Available at: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/06/24/BAG7QJJSR71.DTL [Ac-cessed 26 July 2011].

Greater London Authority, n.d. Cycle superhighways. [Online] Available at: http://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/transport/cycling-revolution/cycle-superhighways [Ac-cessed 14 July 2011].

Greater London Authority, 2008. London’s central business district: it’s global importance. [Online] Available at: http://legacy.london.gov.uk/mayor/economic_unit/events/docs/cbd/2008/londons-cbd-jan08.pdf [Accessed 13 July 2011].

Greater London Authority, 2011. Mayor and Government urged to do more to tackle Nitro-gen Dioxide in London, as EU fine looms. [Online] 9 June. Available at: http://www.london.gov.uk/media/press_releases_london_assembly/mayor-and-government-urged-do-more-tackle-nitrogen-dioxide-lond [Accessed 14 July 2011].

Greenest City Action Team, 2009. Vancouver 2020 - a bright green future. [Online] Avail-able at: http://vancouver.ca/greenestcity/PDF/Vancouver2020-ABrightGreenFuture.pdf [Accessed 3 August 2011].

Hallsworth, A. & Whitelegg, J., 1997. Summary and conclusions: looking back, looking around and looking ahead. In: R. S. Tolley, 1997. The greening of urban transport: plan-ning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.453-461.

Hanlon, B., Rennie Short, J., & Vicino, T. J., 2010. Cities and suburbs - new metropolitan realities in the US. New York: Routledge.

Hartman, J., 1997. The Delft bicycle network revisited. In: Tolley, R. S., 1997. The green-ing of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.299-306.

Hayes, D., 2007. ‘Poorest borough’ rejects £2 million for academy. The Evening Standard, [Online] 20 June. Available at: http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/news/article-23401306-poorest-borough-rejects-2m-for-academy.do [Accessed 7 August 2011].

Hillman, M., 1997a. Cycling as the most realistic substitute for car use in urban areas: burying the conventional myth about public transport. In: R. S. Tolley, 1997. The greening of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.99-111.

Hillman, M., 1997b. The potential of non-motorised transport for promoting health. In: R. S. Tolley, 1997. The greening of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in west-ern cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.21-28.

Homes & Communities Agency, n.d. Sustainable communities. [Online] (Updated 6 Au-gust 2010) Available at: http://skills.homesandcommunities.co.uk/sustainable-communities [Accessed 4 July 2011].

Hudson, M., 1982. Bicycle planning: policy and practice. Michigan: Architectural Press.

Jha, A., 2007. Noise of modern life blamed for thousands of heart deaths. The Guardian, [Online] 23 August. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2007/aug/23/sciencenews.uknews [Accessed 4 August 2011].

Kifer, K., 2002. Cycling during the seventies: a history of US bicycling in the 1970s. [On-line] Available at: http://www.kenkifer.com/bikepages/lifestyle/70s.htm [Accessed 24 July 2011].

King, J., 2006. Bike lane plan slowed for environmental study. San Francisco Chronicle, [Online] 9 November. Available at: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/11/09/BAGNJM956P1.DTL [Ac-cessed 26 July 2011].

Klimes, K., 2011. The real reason why bicycles are the key to better cities. [Online] Avail-able at: http://secretrepublic.com/post/4608802363/the-real-reason-why-bicycles-are-the-key-to-better [Accessed 3 July 2011].

Kroon, M., 1997. Traffic and environmental policy in The Netherlands. In: Tolley, R. S., 1997. The greening of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.161-176.

Langenberg P., n.d. Cycling in Amsterdam: developments and policies. [Online] Available at: http://www.velomondial.net/velomondiall2000/PDF/LANGENBE.PDF [Accessed 8 Au-gust 2011].

Lee, A., 2008. What is the economic contribution of cyclists compared to car drivers in in-ner suburban Melbourne’s shopping strips? [Online] Available at: http://colabradio.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/Final_Thesis_Alison_Lee.pdf [Ac-cessed 5 July 2011].

Lewis, T., 2011. Has London’s cycle hire scheme been a capital idea? The Guardian, [On-line] 10 July. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/bike-blog/2011/jul/10/boris-bikes-hire-scheme-london [Accessed 2 August 2011].

London Cycling Campaign, 2006a. London Cycling Campaign history [Online] (Updated 12 November 2006) Available at: http://lcc.org.uk/articles/london-cycling-campaign-history [Accessed 10 July 2011].

London Cycling Campaign, 2006b. London cycle network plus (LCN+) [Online] (Updated 27 August 2006) Available at: http://lcc.org.uk/articles/london-cycle-network-plus-lcn+ [Ac-cessed 11 July 2011].

London Cycling Campaign, 2010. Mayor hints at ‘one in five’ target for cycling as cycle hire arrives. [Online] 4 August. Available at: http://lcc.org.uk/articles/mayor-hints-at-one-in-five-target-for-cycling-as-cycle-hire-arrives [Accessed 14 July 2011].

Lowcock, G., 2009. Moving toward a non oil dependant society with a proposed speed limit of 30mph. World transport policy and practice, [Online]. 15 (1), pp.9-12.Available at: http://www.eco-logica.co.uk/pdf/wtpp15.1.pdf#page=13 [Accessed 24 July 2011].

McClintock, H., 1997. Planning for the bicycle in urban Britain: an assessment of experi-ence and issues. In: Tolley, R. S., 1997. The greening of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.307-322.

Milkin, M. & JOnes, C., 2006. Taking back the streets, two wheels at a time. In: A. Steffen, ed., 2006. Worldchanging - a user’s guide for the 21st century. 1st ed. New York: Abrams. p.267.

Millard, R., 2009. News review interview: Boris Johnson. Times Online. [Online] 14 June. Available at: http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6493064.ece [Accessed 10 July 2011].

Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, 1999. The Dutch Bicycle Masterplan. [Online] Available at: http://www.fietsberaad.nl/library/repository/bestanden/The%20Dutch%20Bicycle%20Master%20Plan%201999.pdf [Accessed 4 July 2011].

Municipal Transportation Agency, 2006. San Francisco transit effectiveness project: brief-ing book. [Online] Available at: http://sfcontroller.org/ftp/uploadedfiles/controller/csa/TEP_BRF.pdf [Accessed 8 August 2011].

Netherlands Environment Assessment Agency, 2003. The Netherlands contribution to the EMEP air quality assessment report. [Online] Available at: http://www.emep.int/assessment/netherlands.pdf [Accessed 27 July 2011].

O’Riordan, T., & Stoll-Kleemann, S., 2002. Biodiversity, sustainability and human commu-nities - protection beyond the protected. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, 2003. Sustainable communities - building for the fu-ture. [Online] Available at: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/communities/pdf/146289.pdf [Accessed 4 July 2011].

Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, 2004. The Egan review - skills for sustainable com-munities. [Online] Available at: http://www.communities.gov.uk/publications/communities/eganreview [Accessed 5 July 2011].

Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, 2006. UK Presidency, EU Ministerial informal on sus-tainable communities. [Online] Available at: http://www.eukn.org/dsresource?objectid=143252 [Accessed 1 July 2011].

Pahl, R. E., 1970. Whose city?: and other essays on sociology and planning. Michigan: Longmans.

Peach, J., 2011a. Discussion with Kloet, Knijtijzer and van der Vliet. Appendix 1.

Peach, J., 2011b. Discussion with van Woundenberg. Appendix 2.

Peach, J., 2011c. Discussion with Minkjan. Appendix 3.

Peach, J., 2011d. Discussion with Smith. Appendix 4.

Peñalosa, E., 2007. Politics, power, cities. In: Burdett, R. & Sudjic, D., eds., 2007. The

endless city. London: Phaidon Press Ltd. pp.307-319.

Polése, M. & Stren, R., 2000. The social sustainability of cities: diversity and the manage-ment of change. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Press, E., 2010. Revisiting Donal Appleyard’s livable streets. [Online] Available at: http://www.streetfilms.org/revisiting-donald-appleyards-livable-streets/ [Accessed 10 Au-gust 2011].

Pucher, J. & Buehler, R., 2008. Making cycling irresistible: lessons from The Netherlands, Denmark and Germany. Transport Reviews, [Online]. 28 (4), pp.495-528. Available at: http://policy.rutgers.edu/faculty/pucher/irresistible.pdf [Accessed 11 July 2011].

Pucher, J., Dill, J. & Handy, S., 2009. Infrastructure, programs, and policies to increase bi-cycling: an international review. Preventive Medicine. [Online] 50, Available at: http://policy.rutgers.edu/faculty/pucher/Pucher_Dill_Handy10.pdf [Accessed 4 July 2011].

Pucher, J., Komanoff, C. & Shimek, P., 1999. Bicycling renaissance in North America? In: S. M. Wheeler & T. Beatley, eds. 2006. The sustainable urban development reader. New York: Routledge. pp.104-110.

Robbins, K., 2010. San Francisco ready to implement long awaited bicycle plan. [Online] (Updated 20 January 2010) Available at: http://www.bikeradar.com/news/article/san-francisco-ready-to-implement-long-awaited-bicycle-plan-24707/ [Accessed 25 July 2011].

Roseland, M., 2005. Toward sustainable communities. Gabriola Island: New Society Pub-lishers.

Roth, M., 2010. ‘I bike SF’ campaign encourages shopping locally by bicycle. [Online] Available at: http://sf.streetsblog.org/2010/05/11/i-bike-sf-campaign-encourages-shopping-locally-by-bicycle/ [Accessed 9 August 2011].

Royal Borough of Kingston Upon Thames, 1998. London Cycle Network design manual. [Online] Available at: http://www.londoncyclenetwork.org.uk/uploaded_files/LCN_Design_Manual.pdf [Accessed 13 July 2011].

San Francisco Bicycle Coalition, n.d.a. About SFBC [Online] Available at: http://www.sfbike.org/?about [Accessed 25 July 2011].

San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, 2009. San Francisco bicycle plan. [On-line] Available at: http://www.sfmta.com/cms/bproj/documents/San_Francisco_Bicycle_Plan_June_26_2009_002.pdf [Accessed 2 August 2011].

San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, 2010. City of San Francisco 2010 bicycle count report. [Online] Available at: http://128.121.89.101/cms/bhome/documents/City_of_San_Francisco_2010_Bicycle_Count_Report_edit12082010.pdf [Accessed 28 July 2011].

Seattle Transit, n.d. 7 best practices: transit supportive policies and programs. [Online] Available at: http://www.seattle.gov/transportation/docs/tmp/briefingbook/SEATTLE%20TMP%207%20BP%20-%20g%20-%20Transit%20Imp%20Fees.pdf [Accessed 7 Au-gust 2011].

Sherman, A., 2011. How 4 cities are deploying high-tech bike sharing programs. [Online] Available at: http://mashable.com/2011/07/13/bike-sharing-cities/ [Accessed 10 August 2011].

Smith, M., 2008. Sustainable communities and neighbourhoods. Theory, policy and prac-tice. [Online] Available at: http://www.infed.org/community/sustainable_communities_and_neighbourhoods.htm [Ac-cessed 3 July 2011].

Sparkes, M., 2007. How does pollution affect cyclists? [Online] 19 March. Available at: http://www.treehugger.com/files/2007/03/how_does_pollut.php [Accessed 15 July 2011].

Tolley, R. S., 1997. The greening of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley.

Transport for London, 2010a. Travel in London - report 3. [Online] Available at: http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/corporate/travel-in-london-report-3.pdf [Accessed 10 July 2011].

Transport for London, 2010b. Cycling revolution London: end of year review 2010. [On-line] Available at: http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/roadusers/Cycling/cycling-revolution-london.pdf [Accessed 14 July 2011].

Transport for London, 2011a. Cycling along Barclays cycle superhighways is on the up. [Online] Available at: http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/17912.aspx [Accessed 14 July 2011].

Transport for London, 2011b. Bike hire success prompts expansion. [Online] Available at: http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/metro/18137.aspx [Accessed 14 July 2011].

UNCED (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development), 1992a. Agenda 21. Rio de Janerio, Brazil 3-14 June 1992. [Online] New York: United Nations Available at: http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/agenda21/res_agenda21_01.shtml [Accessed 1 July 2011].

UNCED (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development), 1992b. Agenda 21. Rio de Janerio, Brazil 3-14 June 1992. [Online] New York: United Nations Available at: http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/agenda21/res_agenda21_28.shtml [Accessed 1 July 2011].

Walljasper, J., 2010. A week of biking joyously - an American delegation learns from the Dutch. [Online] Available at: http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/011581.html [Ac-cessed 12 July 2011].

WattzOn, 2011a. Embodied energy database - bicycle - carbon frame. [Online] Available at: http://www.wattzon.com/stuff/items/k7t1w9ebbc4v3x3mp7hf9fdzqd/k8r8nsygqolmuyeoqv561snf4k [Accessed 13 July 2011].

WattzOn, 2011b. Embodied energy database - generic car (2008 American manufacture) [Online] Available at: http://www.wattzon.com/stuff/items/k6i6d88q0wsjfki9pxl26dumye/k42eggebx13yo08lnq9woozflm [Accessed 13 July 2011].

Whitehead, F., 2011. Flashride on Blackfriar’s Bridge expected to reflect cyclists’ anger.

Whyte, W. H., 1980. The social life of small urban spaces. Project for Public Spaces. The Guardian, [Online] 29 July. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/bike-blog/2011/jul/29/cyclists-flashride-blackfriars-bridge [Accessed 10 August 2011].

World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987. Our Common Future. [On-line] Available at: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikisource/en/d/d7/Our-common-future.pdf [Accessed 4 July 2011].

Yigitcanlar, T., & Dur, F., 2010. Developing a sustainability assessment model: the sus-tainable infrastructure, land-use, environment and transport model. Sustainability, [On-line]. 2, pp.321-340. Available at: http://eprints.qut.edu.au/38638/1/38638P.pdf[Accessed 24 July 2011].

3,906 words.

Bibliography.

Bluestone, C., 2011. Bicing. In: A. Steffen, ed. 2011. Worldchanging - a user’s guide for the 21st century. 2nd ed. New York: Abrams. pp.213-214.

Brown, L. R., 2001. Eco-economy. London: Earthscan.

Bulpitt, M., 2002. Eurovelo: the European cycle network: guidelines for implementation. Sustrans.

Burdett, R. & Sudjic, D., eds., 2007. The endless city. London: Phaidon Press Ltd.

Cheng, V., 2010. Understanding density and high-density. In: E. Ng, 2010. Designing high-density cities for social and environmental sustainability. London: Earthscan. pp.3-18.

Crawford, J. H., 2002. Carfree cities. Utrecht: International Books.

Dijst, M & Kwan, M., 2005. Accessibility and quality of life: time geographic perspectives. In: K. P. Donaghy, S. Poppelreuter & G. Rudinger, 2005. Social dimensions of sustainable transport. Aldershot: Ashgate Pub-lishing Limited. pp.109-126.

Dill, J. & Carr, T., 2003. Bicycle commuting and facilities in major U.S. cities: if you build them, commuters will use them - another look. (Portland State University publication) [internet]Available at: http://nexus.umn.edu/Courses/pa8202/Dill.pdf[Accessed 24 April 2011].

Donaghy, K. P., Poppelreuter, S. & Rudinger, G., 2005. Social dimensions of sustainable transport. Alder-shot: Ashgate Publishing Limited.

Farr, D., 2008. Sustainable urbanism - urban design with nature. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Gaffron, F., 2005. The implementation of walking and cycling policies. In: K. Donaghy, S. Poppelreuter & G. Rudinger, 2005. Social dimensions of sustainable transport. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited. pp.195-208.

Gehl, J., 1980. Outdoor space and outdoor activities. In: S. M. Wheeler & T. Beatley, eds. 2006. The sustain-able urban development reader. New York: Routledge. pp.81-85.

Gilderbloom, J. I., Hanka, M. J., & Lasley, C. B., 2008. Amsterdam: planning and policy for the ideal city? [in-ternet] Louisville: Centre for Sustainable Urban Neighborhoods.Available at: http://sun.louisville.edu/pdfs/Amsterdam_Article.pdf[Accessed 28 April 2011].

Hartman, J., 1997. The Delft bicycle network revisited. In: Tolley, R. S., 1997. The greening of urban trans-port: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.308-314.

Heng, K.. C. & Malone-Lee, L.C., 2010. Density and urban sustainability: an exploration of critical issues. In: Ng, E., 2010. Designing high-density cities for social and environmental sustainability. London: Earthscan. pp.41-54.

HIllman, M., 1997. The potential of non-motorised transport for promoting health. In: R. S. Tolley, 1997. The greening of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.21-26.

Hudson, M., 1982. Bicycle planning: policy and practice. Michigan: Architectural Press.

Hulsmann, W., 1997. Towards the bicycle friendly town in Germany. In: R. S. Tolley, 1997. The greening of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. pp.294-295.

Lowcock, G., 2009. Moving toward a non oil dependant society with a proposed speed limit of 30mph. World transport policy and practice, [Online]. 15 (1), pp.9-12.Available at: http://www.eco-logica.co.uk/pdf/wtpp15.1.pdf#page=13[Accessed 24 April 2011].

Machell, A., 2010. Towards a sustainable transportation system. The Edmonton sustainability papers - dis-cussion paper 21, [Online]. Available at: http://www.gov.edmonton.ab.ca/city_government/documents/Discussion_Paper_21_Towards_a_Sustainable_Transportation_System.pdf[Accessed 25 April 2011].

Mathew, D., 1997. Cycling policy and best practice in the United Kingdom. In: S. R. Tolley, 1997. The green-ing of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michigan: Wiley. p.323.

Pahl, R. E., 1970. Whose city?: and other essays on sociology and planning. Michigan: Longmans.

Pickup, L. & Giulano, G., 2005. Transport and social exclusion in Europe and the USA. In: K. Donaghy, S. Poppelreuter & G. Rudinger, 2005. Social dimensions of sustainable transport. Aldershot: Ashgate Publish-ing Limited. pp.38-49.

Peñalosa, E., 2007. Politics, power, cities. In: R. Burdett & D. Sudjic, eds., 2007. The endless city. London: Phaidon Press Ltd. pp.307-319.

Pucher, J., Komanoff, C. & Shimek, P., 1999. Bicycling renaissance in North America? In: S. M. Wheeler & T. Beatley, eds. 2006. The sustainable urban development reader. New York: Routledge. pp.104-110.

Pucher, J. & Buehler, R., 2008. Making cycling irresistible: lessons from The Netherlands, Denmark and Ger-many. Transport Reviews, [Online]. 28 (4), pp.495-528. Available at: http://policy.rutgers.edu/faculty/pucher/irresistible.pdf[Accessed 24 April 2011].

Pucher, J. & Buehler, R., 2010. Walking and cycling for healthy cities. Built environment, [Online]. 36 (4), pp.391-414.Available at: http://policy.rutgers.edu/faculty/pucher/BuiltEnvironment_WalkBike_10Dec2010.pdf[Accessed 25 April 2011].

Roseland, M., 1998. Toward sustainable communities. Gabriola Island: New Society Publishers.

Tolley, R. S., 1997. The greening of urban transport: planning for walking and cycling in western cities. Michi-gan: Wiley. pp.3-10.

Whyte, W. H., 1980. The social life of small urban spaces. Project for Public Spaces.

Yigitcanlar, T., & Dur, F., 2010. Developing a sustainability assessment model: the sustainable infrastructure, land-use, environment and transport model. Sustainability, [Online]. 2, pp.321-340.Available at: http://eprints.qut.edu.au/38638/1/38638P.pdf[Accessed 24 April 2011].

Bibliography.Adams, J., Hillman, M., 2001. The risk compensation theory and bicycle hel-mets. Injury Prevention, 2001 (7), pp.89-91.

Bicycle Helmet Research Foundation, n.d. Cycle helmets – an overview (Bicycle Helmets Research Foundation Publication) [internet]Available at: http://www.cyclehelmets.org/papers/d1139.pdf[Accessed 19th November 2010]

Bicycle Helmet Research Foundation, n.d. Commentary – a case control study of the effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets (Bicycle Helmets Research Foundation Publication) [internet]Available at: www.cyclehelmets.org/papers/d1068.pdf[Accessed 19th November 2010]

Cavill, N. & Davis, A., 2007. Cycling and health – what’s the evidence? (Cycling England Publication) [internet] London: Cycling England (Published 2001)Available at: http://www.velo.info/Library/Cycling_Health.pdf

[Accessed 18th November 2010].

Cavill, N., Davis, A., Wardlaw, M.. Watkins, S. & Mindell, J., 2010. Chapter 2 – Active transport: Cycling In: Active travel – a preliminary report from the THSG (Transport and Health Study Group Publication) [internet] (Published 2010)Available at: http://www.healthandtransportgroup.co.uk/research/research20_july2010.php[Accessed 19th November 2010]

European Cyclists’ Federation, 1998. Improving bicycle safety – without making helmet-use compulsory (European Cyclists’ Federation Publication) [internet] Brussels (Published 1998)Available at: http://www.zakka.dk/cykelhjelm/cykelhjelm_org_060131_ECF_Helmet_brochure.pdf[Accessed 2nd December 2010]

Franklin, J., 2006. Cycle helmets – the dilemma (A presentation to the ECF AGM) [internet] (Published 2006)Available at: http:// www.ecf.com/files/2/12/16/060608_2006_Helmets_Dilemma.pdf[Accessed 29th November 2010]

Hagel, B., Macpherson, A., Rivara, F. & Pless, B., 2006. Arguments against hel-met legislation are flawed. British Medical Journal, 25 March (332), pp.725-726.

Hynd, D., Cuerden, R., Reid, S. & Adams, S., 2009. The potential for cycle hel-mets to prevent injury (Transport Research Laboratory Publication) [internet] Bracknell: IHS (Published 2009)Available at: http://www.trl.co.uk/online_store/reports_publications/trl_reports/cat_road_user_safety/report_the_potential_for_cycle_helmets_to_prevent_injury___a_review_of_the_evidence.htm[Accessed 24th November 2010]

Illingworth, C., 1992. The argument for helmets. British Medical Journal, 10 Oc-tober 1992 (305), pp.882-883.

Lardelli-Claret, P., Dios Luna-del-Castillo, J de., Jiménez-Moleón, J. J., García-Martín, M., Bueno-Cavanillas, A. & Gálvez-Vargas, R., 2003. Risk compensation theory and voluntary helmet use by cyclists in Spain. Injury Prevention, 2003 (9), pp.128-132.

Merallo Grande, J., (Pedalibre and ConBici), 2007. Three years of mandatory cycle helmet use in Spain. Some results of an inconvenient law. Munich, Ger-many June 2007.

Pless, B. & Davis, R., 1997. Cyclists should wear helmets. British Medical Journal, [online] 29 March 1997Available at: British Medical Journal http://www.bmj.com/content/314/7085/977.1.full[Accessed 28 November 2010]

Rivara, F., Thompson, D. & Thompson, R., 2000. Bicycle helmets: it’s time to use them. British Medical Journal, 28 October 2000 (321), p.1035.

Robinson, D., n.d. Head injuries and helmet laws in Australia and New Zealand (Cycle-Safe Publication) [internet] Available at: http://www.cyclehelmets.org/papers/c2022.pdf[Accessed 16th November 2010]

Sustrans, n.d. Enabling good health for all – a reflection process for a new EU health strategy (Sustrans Publication) [internet]Available at: http://www.ecf.com/files/2/12/20/enabling_health_for_all.pdf[Accessed 23rd November 2010]

Thompson, D., Rivara, F. & Thompson, R., 1996. Effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing head injuries. The Journal of the American Medical Asso-ciation, 25 December 1996 (276), pp.1968-1973.