Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
S M A L L T R E E S A N D S H R U B S F O R T H E S P A C E -C H A L L E N G E D G A R D E N
BIG THRILLS FOR SMALL SPACES
Longfellow
Garden
Club
Spring
2014
ALL PLANTS HARDY TO SOUTHEASTERN MN
ALL PLANTS AVAILABLE AT LOCAL NURSER IES
SMALL TREES AND SHRUBS
PART ONE: SMALL TREES
SMALL TREES FOR S.E. MN
• Deciduous
• Three-flower Maple
• Juneberry ‘Autumn Brilliance’
• Birch Dakota Pinnacle
• Blue Beech
• Eastern Redbud – northern strain
• White Fringetree
• Cockspur Hawthorn - thornless
• Merrill Magnolia
• Crabapple ‘Donald Wyman’
• Ussurian Pear ‘Prairie Gem’
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Acer triflorum
Nick Name
Three-flower Maple
Height: 20-30 feet Width: 20 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Manchuria and Korea
Sun Preference: Full sun
to light shade
Soil Preference: Organic,
friable
pH: <7.5 Drainage: Well-drained
Problems: None Values: Patio, compatible with
turfgrass, interesting bark and
foliage.
Flower: Little feller Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage:
Yellows/Reds
Fruit: Samara
THREE-FLOWER MAPLE
THREE-FLOWER MAPLE
THREE-FLOWER MAPLE
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Amelanchier arborea x
laevis ‘Autumn Brilliance’
Nick Name
Autumn Brilliance
Serviceberry
Height: 20-25 feet Width: 15 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Minnesota east
Sun Preference: Full sun
to Moderate shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <7.5 Drainage: Moderate to Well
Problems: Low potential
for fireblight, rust, mildew
Values: Wildlife, edible
landscape, deicing salt
tolerant
Flower: White Time of Year: April/May
Autumn Foliage: Reds Fruit: Dark blue pome.
AUTUMN BRILLIANCE SERVICEBERRY
Photo: iTrees.com
Photo: pinterest.com
AUTUMN BRILLIANCE SERVICEBERRY
Photo: Northscaping .com
Photo: wisdomdesigns.com
Photo: connonnurseries.com
AUTUMN BRILLIANCE SERVICEBERRY
Photo: thetreefarm.com
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Betula platyphylla ‘Fargo’
Nick Name
Dakota Pinnacle Birch
Height: 25 feet Width: 6-10 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: species from Asia
Sun Preference: Full sun
to light shade
Soil Preference: Cool and
moist…organic is nice
pH: 6.0-8.0 Drainage: Moderate to well
Problems: Bronze Birch
Borer if drought stressed;
Japanese Beetle
Values: Compatible with
turfgrass, white bark and
narrow habit.
Flower: Catkin Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage: Yellow Fruit: Nutlet
DAKOTA PINNACLE BIRCH
Photos: Knecht’s Nursery
DAKOTA PINNACLE BIRCH
Photo: NDSUresearchfoundation.com
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Carpinus caroliniana
Nick Name
Blue Beech
Height: 20-30 feet Width: 20 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Eastern US, including
MN
Sun Preference: Full sun
to moderate shade
Soil Preference: Organic,
moist
pH: <7.5 Drainage: Moderate to well
Problems: Two lined
chestnut borer if
drought stressed
Values: Interesting bark,
understory tree
Flower: Monoecious Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage:
Yellows/Reds/Oranges
Fruit: Nutlet on 3-pronged
bract
BLUE BEECH
Photo: Ohio State University
Photo: yourleaf.org
BLUE BEECH
Photo: Bachman’s Nursery
Photo: Iowa State University
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Cercis canadensis
Nick Name
Eastern Redbud northern strain
Height: 20-30 feet Width: 20 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Eastern US
Sun Preference: Full sun to
moderate shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <7.5 Drainage: Well-drained
Problems: None Values: Patio, foliage, flower.
Flower: Lavender Time of Year: Spring, before
leaves unfurl
Autumn Foliage: Yellows Fruit: Pod (it’s a legume)
EASTERN REDBUD
Photo: delawarewildflowers.org
EASTERN REDBUD
EASTERN REDBUD
Photo: Illinois DNR
Photo: Colorado State University
Photo: Iowa State University
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Chionanthus virginicus
Nick Name
White Fringetree
Height: 20 feet Width: 20 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: S.E. US
Sun Preference: Full sun
to light shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <7.5 Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: None Values: Wildlife, native to
riparian landscapes, fragrant
Flower: Pannicles on
polygamo-dioecious
trees
Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage: Yellows Fruit: Dark blue drupe
WHITE FRINGETREE
Photo: Native American Encyclopedia
Photo:
Gobotany.newenglandwild.
org
WHITE FRINGETREE
Photo: Wayside Gardens
Photo: Vanderbilt University
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Crataegus crusgalli var.
inermis
Nick Name
Thornless Cockspur Hawthorn
Height: 20 feet Width: 20 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Eastern half of US,
including MN
Sun Preference: Full sun Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <7.5 Drainage: Well
Problems: Rust, fireblight
and many insect pests
Values: Wildlife, low screens
Flower: Creamy-white,
perfect
Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage: Dark
reddish
Fruit: Pome
COCKSPUR HAWTHORN
Photo: cirrusimage.com Photo: Chaletnursery.com
COCKSPUR HAWTHORN
Photo: iwu.com Photo: itrees.com
Photo: Conservation Garden Park
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Magnolia x loebneri
‘Merrill’ (M kobus x
stellata)
Nick Name
Merrill Magnolia
Height: 25-30 feet Width: 25-30 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Japan
Sun Preference: Full sun
to light shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <7.5 Drainage: Moderate to well
Problems: Scale, if
drought stressed
Values: Wildlife, fragrant
Flower: Creamy-white,
perfect
Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage: Yellow Fruit: Aggregate of follicles
MERRILL MAGNOLIA
Photos itrees.com
Photo: thesitegardener.com Photo: hopelodgecenter.co.uk
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Malus ‘Donald Wyman’
Nick Name
Donald Wyman Flowering
Crabapple
Height: 20 feet Width: 25 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: US
Sun Preference: Full sun Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 6.0-8.0 Drainage: Moderate to well
Problems: No problems Values: Wildlife, fragrant
Flower: Creamy-white,
perfect
Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage: Yellow Fruit: Small, persistent, bright
red pome
DONALD WYMAN CRABAPPLE
Photo: pinterest.com
Photo: The Site Gardener
Photo: Toronto Botanic Garden
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Pyrus ussuriensis ‘Mordak’
Nick Name
Prairie Gem Ussurian Pear
Height: 20-25 feet Width: 15-20 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: N.E. Asia
Sun Preference: Full sun Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 6.0-8.0+ Drainage: Moderate to well
Problems: No problems Values: Wildlife, cold, cold,
cold hardy
Flower: Creamy-white,
perfect
Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage:
Red/purple
Fruit: Small, persistent pome,
but only if cross-pollinated
PRAIRIE GEM PEAR
Photo: NDSU Research Photo: Fossil Creek Nursery
PRAIRIE GEM PEAR
Photo: creeksideboulder.com
Photo: imagejuicy.com
Photo: NDSU research
SMALL TREES FOR S.E. MN
• Evergreen
• Korean Golden Fir
• Juniper ‘Wichita Blue’
• Norway Spruce ‘Cupressina Columnar’
• White Spruce ‘North Star’
• White Spruce ‘Yukon Blue’
• Swiss Stone Pine
• Pyramidal Yew
• Northern White Cedar ‘Techny’
• Northern White Cedar ‘Degroots Spire’
• Canadian Hemlock ‘Monler’
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Abies koreana ‘Aurea’
Nick Name
Korean Golden Fir
Height: 20-25 feet Width: 10-15 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Uhhhh, Korea.
Introduced in 1908
Sun Preference: Full sun
to light shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <7.5 Drainage: Moderate to well
Problems: No problems Values: Foliage color, more
drought tolerant than other firs
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…golden tinge
Fruit: No fruit, but purple cones
in spring
KOREAN GOLDEN FIR
Photo: Bachman’s Nursery
KOREAN GOLDEN FIR
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Juniperus scopulorum
‘Wichita Blue’
Nick Name
Wichita Blue Juniper
Height: 15-20 feet Width: 4-8 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Rocky Mountains
Sun Preference: Full sun Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <8.0 Drainage: Well
Problems: No problems Values: Foliage color, drought
tolerant, narrow habit
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…blue
Fruit: No fruit, but tiny dark
blue cones (mistakingly called
juniper berries)
WICHITA BLUE JUNIPER
Photo: jcbakker.com
Photo: discoverlife.org
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Picea abies ‘Cupressina’
Nick Name
Cupressina Norway Spruce
Height: 15 feet Width: 5 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: North/central Europe
Sun Preference: Full sun Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <8.0 Drainage: Well
Problems: No problems Values: Foliage color, drought
tolerant, narrow habit
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…hey, it’s an
evergreen
Fruit: No fruit, but a pendulous
cone
CUPRESSINA NORWAY SPRUCE
Photo: learn2grow.com
Photo: pinterest.com
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Picea glauca ‘Northstar’
Nick Name
‘North Star’ White Spruce
Height: 12-15 feet Width: 5 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: North America,
Including MN
Sun Preference: Full sun Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <8.0 Drainage: Well
Problems: No problems Values: Drought tolerant and
resists winter burn
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer.
Fruit: Small cone, maybe
NORTH STAR WHITE SPRUCE
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Picea glauca ‘Yukon Blue’
Nick Name
‘Yukon Blue’ White Spruce
Height: 15-20 feet Width: 5 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: North America,
Including MN
Sun Preference: Full sun Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: <8.0 Drainage: Well
Problems: No problems Values: Drought tolerant,
narrow and upright
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…bluish
Fruit: Small cone
‘YUKON BLUE’ WHITE SPRUCE
Photo: hortiholic.com
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Pinus cembra
Nick Name
Swiss Stone Pine
Height: 30 feet Width: 20 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Central Europe, SE Asia
Sun Preference: Full sun Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 5.5-7.5 Drainage: Well
Problems: No problems Values: Slow growing, looks
like a small version of white
pine
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…light green
Fruit: Cone…a pine cone
SWISS STONE PINE
Photo: thinkaholic.com
Photo: graytowers.com
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Taxus capitata
Nick Name
Pyramidal Yew
Height: 25-30 feet Width: 15-20 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Japan, introduced
1853
Sun Preference: Tolerant Soil Preference: Moist, organic
pH: 5.5-7.5 Drainage: Well
Problems: Poor drainage,
southern exposure, deer
Values: Dark green, pyramidal
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…dark green
Fruit: Small ovoid seed in a red
aril
PYRAMIDAL YEW
Photo: Robsplants.com Photo: cjfiore.com Photo: Jimwhitingnursery
PYRAMIDAL YEW
Photo: geograph.org.uk
Photo: Gardenworldimages.com
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Thuja occidentalis ‘Techny’
Nick Name
Northern White Cedar ‘Techny’
Height: 10-15 feet Width: 6-8 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: N.E. US, including MN
Sun Preference: Tolerant Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 5.5-8 Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: Southern
exposure, deer
Values: Dark green, pyramidal
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…green
Fruit: Small brown cone
NORTHERN WHITE CEDAR ‘TECHNY’
Photo: Treetrust.org
Photo: candetrees.com
Photo: geolocation.com
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Thuja occidentalis ‘Degroots Spire’
Nick Name
Northern White Cedar
‘Degroots Spire’
Height: 6-8 feet Width: 2-3 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: N.E. US, including MN
Sun Preference: Tolerant Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 5.5-8 Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: Southern
exposure, deer
Values: Dark green, columnar
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…green
Fruit: Small brown cone
NORTHERN WHITE CEDAR ‘DEGROOTS SPIRE’
Photo: Longfellowsgarden.com
Photo: learn2grow.com
Photo: bluerivernursery.com
TREE REPORT CARD
Given Name
Tsuga canadensis ‘Monler’
Nick Name
Emerald Fountain Hemlock
Height: 6-10’ feet Width: 2-3 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: N.E. US, including MN
Sun Preference: Tolerant Soil Preference: Moist and
cool
pH: 5.5-7.5 Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: Southern
exposure, deer
Values: Dark green, good for
small, shady spaces
Flower: None, it’s a
gymnosperm
Time of Year: n/a
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…dark green
Fruit: Small brown cone
EMERALD FOUNTAIN HEMLOCK
Photo: insideiris.com Photo: sciencephoto.com
Photo: Brandeis University
SMALL TREES AND SHRUBS
PART TWO: SHRUBS
SHRUBS FOR S.E. MN
• Black Chokeberry ‘Iroquois Beauty’
• Boxwood ‘Chicagoland Green’
• Summersweet ‘Ruby Spice’
• Redosier Dogwood ‘Cardinal’
• Daphne ‘Carol Mackie’
• Fothergilla ‘Blue Shadow’
• Common Witch Hazel
• Winterberry Holly ‘Afterglow’
• Mockorange ‘Snowbelle’
• Arrowwood Viburnum ‘Autumn Jazz’
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Aronia melanocarpa ‘Iroquois Beauty’
Nick Name
Black Chokeberry ‘Iroquois
Beauty’
Height: 3’ feet Width: 3-5 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: N.E. US, including MN
Sun Preference: Sunny to
light shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 5.5-upper 7’s Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: Fireblight
occasionally
Values: Wiildlife, fruit makes a
nutritious juice, edible
landscapes
Flower: White, perfect Time of Year: Spring
Autumn Foliage: Reds,
burgundy
Fruit: Blue-black pome
BLACK CHOKEBERRY ‘IROQUOIS BEAUTY’
Photo: hgtvgardens.com
Photo: wilsonsnureries.com
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Buxus x ‘Chicagoland Green’
Nick Name
‘Chicagoland Green’
Boxwood
Height: 3 feet Width: 3-5 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Japan, and Wrigley
Field
Sun Preference: Tolerant Soil Preference: Organic, cool
pH: 5.5-7 Drainage: Moderate to well
Problems: Southern
exposure, deer
Values: Small, can be
sheared, fragrant flowers
Flower: No petals so easy
to miss
Time of Year: Late spring
summer
Autumn Foliage: Same as
summer…green
Fruit: Dry capsule
‘CHICAGOLAND GREEN’ BOXWOOD
Photo: Gertens.com
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Clethra alnifolia ‘Ruby Spice’
Nick Name
Summersweet ‘Ruby Spice’
Height: 3-5 feet Width: 3-5 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: Eastern US
Sun Preference: Tolerant Soil Preference: Organic, cool
pH: 5.5-7.5 Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: There probably
are some
Values: Fragrant flowers in
mid-late summer…yes,
summer
Flower: Rich rose on
upright racemes or
panicles
Time of Year: Summer
Autumn Foliage: Yellow Fruit: Dry capsule
SUMMERSWEET ‘RUBY SPICE’
Photo: grobenursery.com
Photo: pinterest.com
SUMMERSWEET ‘RUBY SPICE’
Photo: statebystategardening.com
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Cornus sericea ‘Cardinal’
Nick Name
Redosier Dogwood ‘Cardinal’
Height: 8-10 feet Width: 8-10 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen: Home: North America,
including MN
Sun Preference: Tolerant Soil Preference:
pH: 5.5-8.0 Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: Fungal twig
canker
Values: The one and only
reason why snow is
good…it’s a backdrop for
the bright, red canes; wildlife
Flower: While, flat cymes Time of Year: Late spring
Autumn Foliage: Yellows,
reds, purples
Fruit: White drupe
REDOSIER DOGWOOD ‘CARDINAL’
Photo: Knechts Nursery
Photo: pic2fly.com
REDOSIER DOGWOOD ‘CARDINAL’
Photo: horticopia.inc Photo: soltygardencentre.com
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Daphne x burkwoodii ‘Carol Mackie’
Nick Name
Daphne ‘Carol Mackie’
Height: 3 feet Width: 3-5 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen:
Semi-evergreen
Home: Europe, introduced in
1752
Sun Preference: Light
shade
Soil Preference: Organic,
moist
pH: 5.5-7.0 Drainage: Well-drained
Problems: Winter sun
scorch, some pests,
viruses
Values: Fragrance,
understory plant
Flower: Pink, in umbels Time of Year: Late spring
Autumn Foliage: Fruit: n/a
DAPHNE ‘CAROL MACKIE’
Photo: fossilcreeknursery.com
DAPHNE ‘CAROL MACKIE’
Photo: greengaldesigns.com
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Fothergilla gardenii ‘Blue
Shadow’
Nick Name
Fothergilla ‘Blue Shadow’
Height: 3-4 feet Width: 2-4 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen:
Home: Eastern N.A.
Sun Preference: Sun to
moderate shade
Soil Preference: Organic,
moist
pH: 5.0-7.5 Drainage: Well-drained
Problems: Non-target
pesticide drifts
Values: Fragrance,
understory plant, 3 seasons of
interest
Flower: White, apetalous,
bottlebrush spikes
Time of Year: Late spring,
early summer
Autumn Foliage: Orange,
scarlets
Fruit: Dry capsule
FOTHERGILLA ‘BLUE SHADOW’
Photo: Missouri Botanic Garden
FOTHERGILA ‘BLUE SHADOW’
Photos: pinterest.com
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Hamamelis virginiana
Nick Name
Common Witch Hazel
Height: 12-15 feet Width: 12-15 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen:
Home: Eastern N.A. including
MN
Sun Preference: Sun to
moderate shade
Soil Preference: Organic,
moist
pH: 5.0-7.5 Drainage: Moderate to well
Problems: Not really Values: Autumn flower when
there are no leaves
Flower: Bright yellow ,
perfect, cymes
Time of Year: Late to mid
autumn
Autumn Foliage: Bright,
bright yellow
Fruit: Dry capsule
COMMON WITCH HAZEL
Photo: Missouri Botanic Garden
COMMON WITCH HAZEL
Photo: Missouri Botanic Garden
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Ilex verticillata
‘Afterglow’
Nick Name
Winterberry Holly ‘Afterglow’
Height: 4-6 feet Width: 4-6 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen:
Home: Eastern N.A. including
MN
Sun Preference: Sun to
light shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 5.0-7.5 Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: Not really Values: Wildlife, riparian
areas, autumn/winter interest
Flower: White, small,
dioecious
Time of Year: Mid-spring
Autumn Foliage: Nothing
to write home about
Fruit: Four-seeded drupe,
orange to orange-red
WINTERBERRY HOLLY ‘AFTERGLOW’
Photos: Missouri Botanic Garden
WINTERBERRY HOLLY ‘AFTERGLOW’
Photos: florifinder.com
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Philadelphus x
‘Snowbelle’
Nick Name
Mockorange ‘Snowbelle’
Height: 4 feet Width: 4 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen:
Home: Canada
Sun Preference: Sun to
light shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 5.0-7.5 Drainage: Well-drained
Problems: Not really Values: Period landscapes,
fragrance
Flower: White, fragrant,
raceme clusters
Time of Year: Mid-late spring
Autumn Foliage: Nothing
to write home about
Fruit: Dry capsule
MOCKORANGE ‘SNOWBELLE’
Photo: Missouri Botanic Garden
Photo: dragongoose.com
SHRUB REPORT CARD
Given Name
Viburnum dentatum
‘Autumn Jazz’
Nick Name
Arrowwood Viburnum
‘Autumn Jazz’
Height: 6-8 feet Width: 6-8 feet
Deciduous or Evergreen:
Home: North America,
including MN
Sun Preference: Sun to
moderate shade
Soil Preference: Tolerant
pH: 5.0-7.5 Drainage: Tolerant
Problems: Not really Values: Wildlife, shade
gardens
Flower: White, flat-
topped cymes
Time of Year: Mid-late spring
Autumn Foliage:
Spectacular, reds,
burgundy
Fruit: Spectacular, blue to
black drupe
ARROWWOOD VIBURNUM ‘AUTUMN JOY’
Photo: Missouri Botanic Garden
Photo: gal4piclab.us
Photo: gal4piclab.us
G A R Y J O H N S O N , U N I V E R S I T Y O F M I N N E S O T A
TREES.UMN.EDU GARY’S NOTES
