Binary Molecular Compounds

Binary Molecular Compounds

• Binary molecular compounds are composed of two different nonmetals – examples: CO, SO2, N2H4, P4Cl10

• These compounds are named by using a prefix to indicate the number of atoms of each element present (see table in notebook ).

H2O

• Dihydrogen Monoxide

• The prefix mono- is often omitted especially when the first element would have the prefix mono-

CO• (example: CO is named

carbon monoxide, not monocarbon monoxide).

• NF3 is nitrogen trifluoride

• N2O4 is dinitrogen tetroxide (Note: dropped an 'a')

• P4S10 is tetraphosphorous decasulfide

Name the following compounds: NF3 N2O4 P4S10

• dichlorine heptaoxide is Cl2O7

• carbon hexasulfide is CS6

• octaphosphorous pentaoxide is P8O5

Write formulas for the following compounds: • dichlorine heptaoxide• carbon hexasulfide • octaphosphorous pentaoxide

Acids

Acids

• Acids are compounds that give off hydrogen ions, (H+) when dissolved in water. When a compound has hydrogen as its cation the substance is generally an acid – Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3

• The rules for naming acids are based on the anion portion of the acid formula.

Rules for Naming Acids

• The names of acids are based on the ending of the anion name.– Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3

Rules for Naming Acids

• The names of acids are based on the ending of the anion name.– Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3

• Cl‾ = chloride

Rules for Naming Acids

• The names of acids are based on the ending of the anion name.– Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3

• Cl‾ = chloride

• SO42‾ = sulfate

Rules for Naming Acids

• The names of acids are based on the ending of the anion name.– Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3

• Cl‾ = chloride

• SO42‾ = sulfate

• PO33‾ = phophite

Rules for Naming Acids

Anion ending Example Acid name Example

-ide Cl- (chloride) hydro-(stem)-ic acid hydrochloric acid

-ate SO42- (sulfate) (stem)-ic acid sulfuric acid

-ite PO33- (phosphite) (stem)-ous acid phosphorous acid

Name the acids

• HNO2

• HCN

• H3PO4

nitrous acid

hydrocyanic acid

phosphoric acid

Write formulas for the following acids

• chromic acid

• hydroiodic acid

• chlorous acid

H2CrO4

HI

HClO2

Homework

• Do the 4 “HOMEWORK” (Not example) problems on the Binary Molecular Compounds and Acids note page.– Do these problems on your own paper.– Homework will be collected tomorrow.