Biodiversity Class Ppt

8/17/2019 Biodiversity Class Ppt

1/38

Biodiversity


2/38

What do you think biodiversity

means?


3/38

Bio = Life

BioBiodiversitydiversity

What does “Bio” mean?


4/38

BioBiodiversitydi

versity

Diversity = Variety

What does “Diversity” mean?


5/38

Biodiversity is the variety of life on

Earth and the essential

interdependence of all living things

• Scientists have identified more than 1.4 million species. ens of

millions !! remain "n#no$n %$$$.thecatalo&"eoflife.or&'

•he tremendo"s variety of life on (arth is made possi)le )y

comple* interactions amon& all livin& thin&s incl"din& micro!

o&anisms.

http://www.thecatalogueoflife.org/http://www.thecatalogueoflife.org/


6/38

There are 3 components of biodiversity

1. Diversity of genes- +enetic diversity is the varietyin &enetic ma#e"p amon& individ"als $ith in a species. ,"man)ein&s $hite- )lac#- )ro$n- yello$ etc.

Chihuahuas, beagles, and rottweilers are all the same species butthey!re not the same because there is variety in their genes"

Chihuahua Beagle Rottweilers


7/38

2. Diversity of number of species- Species

diversity refers to the n"m)er of plant andanimal species present in a comm"nity.Species a group of living organisms consisting of

similar individuals capable of exchanging genes

For example, monkeys, dragonflies, and meadow beauties are alldifferent species

Saki !onkey "olden Skimmer !eadow Beauty


8/38

. (cosystem diversity! (cosystem diversityis the variety of ha)itats fo"nd in an area. /or e*ample

#akes, $onds, and Rivers are all Freshwater %cosystems

Rocky coast, Sand &une, %stuary, Salt !arsh , Coral Reefare all !arine %cosystems

So what's an %C(S)S*%!+++


9/38

%C(S)S*%! &%F-*(-

. / self0contained community of microorganisms,

animals and plants, that interact with each other and with

their physical environment1

%xample is

a rock pool


10/38


11/38

2ithin an ecosystem there can be

many 3/B*/*S• *his is the physical and chemical

description of where a creature lives


12/38

3/B*/*S might describe4

• *he -/!% of the place where the creature lives

• eg Arctic Canada is the habitat of the polar bear5rsa maritima


13/38

3/B*/*S might describe4

• *he &(!-/-* 6%"%*/*(- of the

place where the creature lives

• e& Heather moorland is the ha)itat of the

&ro"se.


14/38


15/38

2hich is more diverse+

2 B


16/38


2 B


17/38


2 B


18/38

2 B

Which is more diverse?Which is more diverse?


19/38

2 B

Which has more c"lt"ralWhich has more c"lt"ral

diversity?diversity?


20/38

Which has more )iodiversity?Which has more )iodiversity?

2 B


21/38

2hich has more biodiversity+

2 B


22/38

Biodiversity has &ifferent 6alue

1. 3tilitarian Val"e = the val"e somethin& hasas a means to anothers end.

We "se them for different thin&s. 5ainly for

recreation- food. +rains- ve&eta)les- fr"its-meat and fish.

3tilitarian val"es incl"de6• +oods e& s"staina)le tim)er

• Services e& eco!to"rism

• 7nformation e& 8ational ar# Wardens


23/38

9. 2esthetic val"es.

7t is non!"tilitarian %not related to direct "se'.

:"st )ein& close to nat"re &ives many of "s

en;oyment and even spirit"al solace %comfort'.

hat is $hy people &o to seashore- hill stations-

deserts- forests for vacation.


24/38

. (thical Val"e

We can loo# at )iodiversity from ecosystem point

of vie$.

(very species has a val"e or role in nat"re.

7t has a ri&ht to e*ist- $hether or not it is

#no$n to )e "sef"l to h"mans.

7n fact- h"mans have so m"ch po$er over nat"re-they sho"ld perhaps conserve all species.

2ll life is sacred and m"st )e protected.


25/38

What do we get from

biodiversity?

#$ygen

%oodClean Water

&edicine

'esthetics

(deas


26/38

)hould we be concerned about

biodiversity?What we know:

he !arth is losing species at an alarming rate

* )ome scientists estimate that as many as 3 species

per hour are going e$tinct and +, e$tinctions

occur each year" * When species of plants and animals go e$tinct, many

other species are affected"


27/38


28/38

What is meant )y Biodiversity


29/38

here are t$o main types of conservation.

7n situ 8on0site9 conservation tries to protect species where they are,

in their natural habitat

: %x situ 8off0site9 conservation attempts to preserve and protect the

species in a place away from their natural habitat "u; lions to !$

•n general, in situ conservation is more cost0effective )ou do not

have to move the species

•n many cases, however, the ex situ approach may be the only

feasible one


30/38

,o$ is conservation done in sit"?

•2e do in situ conservation primarily by setting up national parks and

reserves

•t re


31/38

,o$ is (* sit" conservation practised?

n this approach, we conserve biodiversity in an artificial setting

*his includes the storage of seeds in banks, breeding of captive

animals species in =oos, and setting up botanical gardens a> seed banks in the world and they hold more

than four million seeds maintained at low temperatures and lowhumidity levels

*he seeds are supposed to be safe from habitat destruction, climate

changes, and general destruction *hey can even help reintroduceextinct species

!ost of the seed banks concentrate on about 7>> plants that give ?>

@ of our food *here is a need for many more banks to store many

more species, particularly in the developing countries


32/38

>ole of oos in )iodiversity conservation.

/long with many other animals, =oos also preserve a

few individuals of critically endangered species f ananimal breeds in captivity, the =oo may ultimately

reintroduce the species into protected reserves

Botanical +ardens*here are over 7A>> botanical gardens in the world,

holding million plants

*hey cover about >,>>> species or D> @ of all known

speciesBotanical gardens have a significant educational value

for scientists and students *hey increasingly focus on

rare and endangered species


33/38


34/38

+@2LS @/


35/38

+@2LS @/ S70

.*he conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable

use of its components and the fair and e>,>>> plantanimal species lost in last G years• 3abitat loss is biggest current threat to biodiversity

• &eforestation and forest degradation has increased

since the Rio %arth Summit


36/38

B7@D7V(>S70

• 3ow many species are there+

00 7 million named species 8H>@ of which are

invertebrates9

00 estimated D to G> million species aliveI


37/38

,( +>(2(S ,>(2


38/38

B7@D7V(>S70

http4wwwnesarcorg

http4wwwstopextinctionorg

htt d b i ht l

http4endangeredfwsgov

Documents

Biodiversity Class Ppt