Biodiversity New

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MJSC KUALA TERENGGANU

BIODIVERSITY – SCIENCE FORM 1SCIENCE UNIT 2012



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3.0 BIODIVERSITY

3.1 THE VARIETY OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Biodiversity ?

The _____________________ of different types of living organisms in a particular ___________________.

Biodiversity in the ponds

Living organisms in the ponds:

Classification?

The _________________ of objects into sets according to one or more _________________properties or characteristics.

Make it ______________________ to study living organisms in a more ____________________ manner

Used in Scientific ________________ of organisms – (enable scientists around the world toknow that they are ______________________ about the same ___________________.)

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.



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3.2 CLASSIFICATIONS OF ANIMALS

INVERTEBRATES : Animals _______________ a backbone.

Animals

Vertebrates Invertebrates

Fish

Bird Reptile

Mammal Amphibian With jointedlegs

Without jointedlegs

Invertebrates

With jointed legs Without jointed legs

Example: Worm-like Not Worm-like

Example: Example:



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VERTEBRATES : Animals with a ___________________

Characteristic Fish Bird Mammal Reptile Amphibian

Cold-blooded /warm-blooded

Cold-blooded:

Bodytemperaturechangesaccording totheirsurroundingtemperature

Warm-

blooded :Bodytemperaturedoes notchange withtheirsurroundingtemperature

Warm-

blooded

Cold-blooded Cold-blooded

Breathing organ

Gills Lungs Lungs Lungs In water :gillsOn land :

Lungs & moistskin

Skin

Hardprotectivescales

Covered withFeathers

Covered withhair or fur

Covered withdry and scalyskin(preventsbodies fromlosing toomuch water)

Smooth &moist skin

Reproduce

Laying eggs Laying eggs

with shells

Most

mammalsgive birth*except :Platypus,spinyanteater,scaly anteater

Laying eggs

with shells onland

Laying jelly-

covered eggswithout shellsin water

Other

Have finsHave tails(help to swim)

Havestreamlinedbodies (canmove fast inthe water

Have beaksHave wings(for flight)

*not all birdscan fly

Feed milk totheir young

Have twopairs of limbs*except:snake

Have twopairs of limbs

Can live both

on land and inwater

ExampleStingray,shark,clownfish

Parrot, duck Platypus,monkey, cow,whale

Turtle, snake,crocodile,lizard

Toad, frog,salamander



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3.3 CLASSIFICATIONS OF PLANTS

Plants

Flowering Plants Non-flowering Plants

Monocotyledons DicotyledonsCharacteristics:

Do not produce __________________

Some have roots, _____________ andleaves

Others have simple _______________ ,tiny _____________but no ____________

Reproduce by _____________ or _____________

Example: __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________

Monocotyledons Characteristic DicotyledonsOne Cotyledon in

each seedTwo

Fibrous roots Roots Tap roots(main roots with

many branchroots)

Soft and notwoody

Stems Hard and woody

Parallel veins Leaves Network of veins

Maize, rice, lily,onion, orchid,

coconut

Example Balsam,sunflower, rose,mango, papaya



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Example of non-flowering plants:

______________ _____________ ___________

3.4 THE IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY TO THE ENVIRONMENT

1. A country’s biological diversity is its natural ________________. 2. Humans depend on many different plants, animals and other organisms for their

___________________.3. Biodiversity can be economically _________________.



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SECTION A1. Diagram 1 shows the classification of plant.

Diagram 1Which of the following represents X, Y and Zcorrectly?

X Y ZA. Seedless Dicotyledons Monocotyledons

B. Seedless Monocotyledons Dicotyledons

C. Non-flowering

Monocotyledons Dicotyledons

D. Non-flowering

Dicotyledons monocotyledons

2. The following characteristics belong to an animal. Lays eggs Warm-blooded Internal fertilization

Breathe through the lungThis animal isA. ToadB. DuckC. WhaleD. Crocodile

3. Which of the following is an example of parasitism?A. Aphid and plantB. Cowbird and buffalo

C. Balsam plant and grassD. Caterpillar and chicken

4. Diagram 2 shows organisms grouped in the sameclass.

Diagram 2

All these organismsI. Are aquaticII. Produce sporeIII. Contains chlorophyllA. I and II onlyB. I and III onlyC. II and III onlyD. I, II and III

5. The information below shows the characteristic ofa plant.

Fibrous rootsParallel veined leaves

Soft stemWhich of the following plants has thecharacteristics?A. Orchid plantB. Hibiscus plantC. Balsam plantD. Sunflower plant

6. The information below shows the adaptation of aplant.

Tiny leaves

Succulent stems Long roots Thick cuticle layer

Which of the following region is suitable for thegrowth of the plant?A. Tundra regionB. Desert regionC. Tropical regionD. Moderate climate region

7. The following statements show the characteristic ofan animal.

With hair or fur Warm-blooded Breathes with lungs

Which of the following animal has thecharacteristics mentioned above?



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A.

B.

C.

D.

8. Diagram 3 shows the classification of animals.

Diagram 3Which of the following is represented by P and Q?

P QA. Snail SnakeB. Salamander SpiderC. Starfish SwanD. Shark Sea-horse

9. Diagram 4 shows the classification of vertebrateanimals.

Diagram 4Which of the animals is represents group Y?I. PlatipusII. PenguinIII. LizardsIV. TurtleA. I and II onlyB. II and III only

C. III and IV onlyD. IV only

10. Diagram 5 shows characteristics of plant S.

Diagram 5Which of the following represents S and T?

Plant S Characteristic TA. Durian tree Tap root systemB. Grass Fibrous root systemC. Balsam plant Seeds with two

cotyledonD. Maize plant Seeds with one

cotyledon

11. Diagram 6 shows the pattern of veins on the leaf ofa type of plant.

Diagram 6Which of the following characteristics are alsofound on the plant?A. Soft stemB. Fibrous rootC. Flowers have petals in multiple of threeD. Seed with two cotyledons

12. Diagram 7 shows two animals.

Diagram 7

Which of the following statements regarding theanimals shown in the diagram is not true?



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A. Both animals can flyB. Both animals lay eggsC. Both animals are warm-bloodedD. Both animals breath with their lungs

13. Diagram 8 shows the number of legs for animals P,Q, R and S.

Diagram 8Example of animals P, Q, R and S are

P Q R SA. Lizard Housefly Scorpion CentipedeB. Rabbit Scorpion Cockroach CentipedeC. Turtle Beetle Spider SnailD. Crocodile Frog Millipede Scorpion

14. The list shows some types of plants.

Moss Fern ConiferThe above plants are classified asA. Monocotyledon plantsB. Non-flowering plantsC. Flowering plantsD. Dicotyledon plants

15. Diagram 9 shows the classification of floweringplants.

Diagram 9Which of the flowing are characteristics of a plantin group X?I. Fibrous rootII. Non-woody stemIII. Leaves with network veinsIV. Its seed has twp cotyledon

A. I and II onlyB. II and III onlyC. III and IV onlyD. I, II and III only

16. Which of the following are characteristics of livingthings?I. Living things can makes its own foodII. Living things need foodIII. Living things can respond to stimuliIV. Living things can reproduceA. I and II onlyB. I, II and III onlyC. II, III and IV only

D. I, II, III and IV

17. Diagram 10 shows the structure of a leaf.

Diagram 10Which of the following plants has the same leafstructure as shown above?A. Chili plantB. Maize plantC. Orchid plantD. Coconut plant

18. The following information shows the characteristics

of a group of plants. Leaves have parallel veins Stem is soft Fibrous root system

Which of the following plants has suchcharacteristic?A. GuavaB. Sugar caneC. BalsamD. Papaya



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19. Diagram 11 shows the classification of animals.

Diagram 11Which of the following represents R, S and T?

R S TA. Cats Snakes SalamanderB. Lizards Penguins DogsC. Sharks Eagles TurtlesD. Whales Crocodiles Monkeys

20. Which of the following animals are cold-blooded?A. Rabbit, toad, lizardB. Crocodile, eel, duckC. Eagle, snake, whaleD. Tortoise, frog, pomfret

SECTION B

1. Diagram 1 shows the picture of animals R, S, T andU.

Diagram 1Based on your observations in Diagram 1

a) State one characteristic of four of the animalsR, S, T and U.R : __________________________________S : __________________________________T : __________________________________U : __________________________________

[4 marks]b) Classify animals R, S, T and U into two groups

based on common characteristics. Name the

animals belonging to each group.

[4 marks]

8



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VERTEBRATES

Characteristic Fish Bird Mammal Reptile Amphibian

Cold-blooded /warm-blooded

Cold-blooded:

Bodytemperaturechangesaccording totheirsurroundingtemperature

Warm-blooded :

Bodytemperaturedoes not changewith theirsurroundingtemperature

Warm-blooded Cold-blooded Cold-blooded

Breathing organ

Gills Lungs Lungs Lungs In water :gillsOn land :Lungs & moist

skin

Skin

Hard protectivescales

Covered withFeathers

Covered withhair or fur

Covered with dryand scaly skin(prevents bodiesfrom losing toomuch water)

Smooth & moistskin

Reproduce

Laying eggs Laying eggs withshells

Most mammalsgive birth*except :Platypus, spiny

anteater, scalyanteater

Laying eggs withshells on land

Laying jelly-covered eggswithout shells inwater

Other

Have finsHave tails (helpto swim)

Havestreamlinedbodies (canmove fast in thewater

Have beaksHave wings(for flight)

*not all birds canfly

Feed milk totheir young

Have two pairsof limbs*except: snake

Have two pairsof limbs

Can live both onland and inwater

Example Stingray, shark,clownfish Parrot, duck Platypus,monkey, cow,whale

Turtle, snake,crocodile, lizard Toad, frog,salamander

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