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Biogas Production – Microbial Teamwork and Enzymology
CenBio Final Conference Ås Campus 13-14 March 2017
Live H. HagenKBM, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway Contact: [email protected]
Overview Background on biogas production with focus on the microbial teamwork behind
Project objectives
How we explore the microbial world
What we found - and what remains unknown
Current status and Future perspective
Organic waste management
Microbial digestion under anaerobic condition
Production of biogas (CH4, CO2)
Electricity – Heath – Biofuel
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 4
Biogas production
Organic waste management
Microbial digestion under anaerobic condition
Production of biogas (CH4, CO2)
Electricity – Heath – Biofuel
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 5
Biogas production
Enzymology During anaerobic digestion, microbes produce different enzymes that catalyzes different degradation events
Enzymology is the study of enzymes, their kinetics, structure, and function, as well as their relation to each other
Hydrolysis – substrate-composition dependent
Reconstruction of metabolic pathways
Norwegian University of Life SciencesTittel på presentasjon 6
Goals:Identify key organisms and metabolic pathways in biogas production
–Enhanced understanding of the process–More stable biogas reactors–Improved biogas production–Monitor and control the microbial process
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 7
MethodsTraditional Cultivation High-Throughput Sequencing
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 8
• In depth studies of specific organisms
• Compositions and Interactions
• Metagenomics• Closer to reality
MetagenomicsA Metagenome is all the genetic material present in an environmental sample, consisting of the genomes of many individual organisms
Metagenomics is the direct genetic analysis of metagenomes
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 9
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 10
Direct Sequencing of the Metagenome
• Identified microorganisms related to unstable performance
• Tested the tolerance for storage
• Studied the effect of recyclingthe effluent to dilute food waste
• Observed an improved process when adding cow manure
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 11
Experiments with Laboratory Biogas Reactors
Biogas lab facility at Vollebekk, Ås
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 12
Plant Scale Thermophilic Reactor FREVAR FK (Fredrikstad):• Receives food waste and industrial
waste• Produce biofuel for ~100 busses • Stable for decades at high
temperature• In-depth characterization
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 13
MetaproteomicsMetagenomics16S rRNA gene
Who is there? What’s their physiological potential?
What are they doing?
Whois doingwhat?
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 15
Hagen et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. January 2017
Having a Genome Sequence, We Can Understand a Microbe’s Metabolism
Plant scale Food Waste Reactor
Oslo EGE:• Receives food waste from the city
of Oslo• Produces biofuel and bio-fertilizer • First microbial characterization of
this plant, from start to stable
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 16
Achievements and Current Status
• From lab-scale studies to plant scale application
• Methodology: Functional analysis provides a more complete picture
• On a stage where we can start monitoring the process:–Study trends to foresee coming events–Detect the process problems at an earlier stage–Control the microbial community
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 17
Future Perspective• Still a lot unexplored!
• Down to basic: Design less complex lignocellulose-degrading communities–Can we discover novel enzymes and novel metabolic functions? –Learn from the Nature
• Apply in industry • Biogas production in a biorefinery context
–Anaerobic digestion of waste streams–Production of higher-value compounds
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 18
AcknowledgementsNMBU teamPEP/BTB group:Svein J. HornPhil B. PopeVincent G.H. Eijsink
Jeremy Frank Magnus Ø. ArntzenChris GabyMirzaman Zamanzadeh
Norwegian University of Life Sciences 19
Thank you for your attention!Contact: [email protected]
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Thank you for your attention!Contact: [email protected]