Upload
kelly-palmer
View
217
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
BIOLOGICAL SAND
WATER PURIFICATION FILTER
MARK EIMER
LAURA WILSON
CUSTOMER/SOCIETY• TIMOR-LESTE/EAST TIMOR, INDONESIA
• CAPITAL: DILI
• POPULATION: 1,040,880 (2005 ESTIMATE)
• LANGUAGE: OFFICIAL LANGUAGES ARE PORTUGUESE AND
TETUM
• RELIGION: MAJOR RELIGION ROMAN CATHOLIC
• ADULT LITERACY: 59 PERCENT
• LIFE EXPECTANCY: 55 YEARS
• GOVERNMENT: REPUBLIC
• ACCESS TO SAFE WATER: 52 PERCENT
• POPULATION LIVING ON LESS THAN NZ$3/DAY: UNKNOWN
BIOLOGICAL SAND WATER PURIFICATION
60 Inches Tall
4 Inches Tall
12 Inches Diameter
40 Inches Tall
Diffuser Plate
Cover
Fine Gravel
Coarse Gravel
Spout
2 Inches Tall
4 Inches Tall
Biological Sand Layer
Filter Sand
BIOLOGICAL SAND WATER PURIFICATION
PROOF OF CONCEPT
• MATERIALS
• TWO FIVE GALLON BUCKETS WITH
LIDS
• PLAY SAND
• PEA GRAVEL
• RIVER ROCK
• ½” PVC PIPE
PROOF OF CONCEPT
• PROCESS
• PVC PIPE ½” OFF OF THE BOTTOM
• ONE INCH RIVER ROCK ON THE BOTTOM
• ONE INCH PEA GRAVEL ON TOP OF RIVER
ROCK
• EIGHT INCHES OF PLAY SAND ON TOP OF
PEA GRAVEL
• LID WAS USED AS A DIFFUSER PLATE
• SECOND BUCKET WAS USED FOR
RESERVOIR
SPECIFICATIONS
• CONCRETE CONTAINER 60 INCHES TALL X 12 INCHES IN
DIAMETER
• STAINLESS STEEL DIFFUSER PLATE 12 INCHES DIAMETER
• COARSE GRAVEL (¼ TO ½”) 4 INCHES DEEP
• FINE GRAVEL (PEA) 4 INCHES DEEP
• FINE FILTER SAND (SILT FREE) 40 INCHES DEEP
• CONCRETE COVER 12 INCHES DIAMETER
• PVC 40 DRAINAGE SPOUT (1/2” X 72”)
ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS• (DEFINE THE PROBLEM) OUR GOAL IS TO DEVELOP A WATER FILTRATION
SYSTEM FOR A THIRD WORLD COUNTRY THAT IS SUSTAINABLE USING
LOCAL RESOURCES. THE COUNTRY THAT WAS CHOSEN WAS TIMOR-LESTE
OR EAST TIMOR, INDONESIA.
• (BRAINSTORM, RESEARCH, AND GENERATE IDEAS) – THE NATURAL
RESOURCES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AND INDUSTRIES THAT WERE
AVAILABLE WERE:
• NATURAL RESOURCES: GOLD, PETROLEUM, NATURAL GAS, MANGANESE,
MARBLE.
• AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS: COFFEE, RICE, CORN, CASSAVA, SWEET POTATOES,
SOYBEANS, CABBAGE, MANGOES, BANANAS, VANILLA.
• INDUSTRIES: PRINTING, SOAP MANUFACTURING, HANDICRAFTS, WOVEN
CLOTH.
BASED ON WHAT WAS AVAILABLE, WE HAVE DETERMINED THAT A BIOLOGICAL
SAND FILTRATION SYSTEM WOULD BE THE MOST ECONOMICAL AND SUSTAINABLE
TO MEET THE NEEDS. WE ALSO LOOKED AT A CLOTH/BOIL METHOD TO ACHIEVE
SAFE POTABLE DRINKING WATER.
ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS• (IDENTIFY CRITERIA/ CONSTRAINTS) – THE CRITERIA DECIDED ON WERE THAT THE RESOLUTION
MUST BE SIMPLE, RELIABLE, SUSTAINABLE AND AFFORDABLE. IT MUST BE EASY TO INSTALL AND
MAINTAIN. THE WATER FILTRATION SYSTEM MUST LEVERAGE LOCAL MATERIALS SUCH AS
GRAVEL AND SAND AND MUST BE ABLE TO FILTER OUT 100% OF THE SEDIMENT AND 98% OF THE
BIOLOGICAL MICRO ORGANISMS TO ENSURE SAFE POTABLE DRINKING WATER.
• (DEVELOP/PROPOSE DESIGNS/CHOOSE AMONG ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS) – THE TWO
SOLUTIONS THAT WE PROPOSED WERE A BIOLOGICAL SAND FILTRATION SYSTEM OR A CLOTH
FILTRATION/BOIL METHOD. THE CLOTH FILTRATION/BOIL METHOD WHILE SIMPLE IN DESIGN AND
LEVERAGED LOCAL MATERIALS (CLOTH, GAS/OIL) WOULD REQUIRE MORE MAINTENANCE AND
SUPERVISION WHILE THE BIOLOGICAL SAND FILTRATION SYSTEM ONCE BUILT ONLY REQUIRES
WATER TO BE DEPOSITED INTO THE TOP AND TIME WOULD ALLOW FOR SAFE POTABLE WATER
WHILE THE DIRTY WATER WORKED ITS WAY THROUGH BIOLOGICAL SAND AND GRAVEL
FILTRATION.
• (IMPLEMENT THE PROPOSED SOLUTION) – A CONCRETE OR PLASTIC CONTAINER 5 FEET TALL
AND 12 INCHES IN DIAMETER IS REQUIRED FOR THE BASE OF THE BIOLOGICAL SAND FILTRATION
SYSTEM. A SPOUT IS INSERTED ONE INCH FROM THE BOTTOM UNDER THE COARSE GRAVEL
AND BROUGHT UP VERTICALLY JUST BELOW THE DIFFUSION PLATE. THE CONTAINER FROM THE
BOTTOM UP CONSISTS OF FOUR INCHES OF COARSE GRAVEL, FOUR INCHES OF FINE GRAVEL,
FORTY INCHES OF SILT FREE SAND, A DIFFUSER PLATE SO THAT THE BIOLOGICAL SAND IS NOT
DISTURBED WHEN POURING DIRTY WATER IN AND A COVER FOR THE CONTAINER SO DEBRIS
AND INSECTS CANNOT GET INTO THE CONTAINER.
ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS
• (MAKE A MODEL OR PROTOTYPE) – SEE SLIDE 2 FOR PROTOTYPE DETAILS.
• (EVALUATE THE SOLUTION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES) – THE DESIGNED
SYSTEM HAS A LOWER COST, CONTAINS NO MOVING PARTS, AND IS AS
EFFECTIVE AS OTHER PROPOSED SOLUTIONS.
• (REFINE THE DESIGN) – SEVERAL DESIGN OPTIONS WERE CONSIDERED.
REAL WORLD APPLICATION NEEDED FOR FURTHER REFINEMENT.
• (CREATE THE FINAL DESIGN) – BARRING FURTHER REFINING, THE SYSTEM
IS AS CLOSE TO FINAL AS IT CAN BE.
• (COMMUNICATE THE PROCESSES AND RESULTS) – THE DESIGN PROCESS
ALLOWED A METHODICAL APPROACH TO SOLVING A PROBLEM. WE BELIEVE
THAT WE WOULD HAVE TO GAIN FEEDBACK FROM EAST TIMOR LOCALS
AFTER ONE MONTH TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SOLUTION
THAT MET THE CRITERIA AND THE CONSTRAINTS.
MANUFACTURING LOCATIONSHOUSTON, TEXAS
• POPULATION: 2,160,821
• FEMALE:49.8%
• MALE:50.2%
• AFRICAN AMERICAN: 23.7%
• AMERICAN INDIAN OR ALASKA
NATIVE: 0.7%
• ASAIN: 6.0%
• NATIVE HAWAIIAN OR OTHER PACIFIC
ISLANDER: 0.1%
• TWO OR MORE RACES: 3.3%
• HISPANIC OR LATINO: 43.8%
• WHITE: 25.6%
• UNEMPLOYMENT RATE: 5.7%
CLAYTON, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA
• POPULATION: 15,543
• FEMALE: 48%
• MALE: 52%
• AUSTRALIA NATIVE: 28.1%
• CHINA: 16.8%
• INDIA: 9.7%
• MALAYSIA: 5%
• GREECE: 3.3%
• INDONESIA: 3.1%
• UNEMPLOYMENT RATE: 12.3%
MANUFACTURING LOCATIONSHOUSTON, TEXAS
• EDUCATION LEVELS:
• LESS THAN HIGH SCHOOL 26%
• HIGH SCHOOL 23%
• SOME COLLEGE/ASSOCAITES
DEGREE: 23%
• BACHELOR DEGREE OR HIGHER:
28%
• MEDIAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME: 44,121
• COST OF LIVING:
• CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: 88.85
• RENT INDEX: 52.62
• GROCERIES INDEX: 88.37
• RESTAURANTS INDEX: 75.43
• CONSUMER PRICE PLUS RENT
INDEX: 71.41
• LOCAL PURCHASING POWER: 114.97
CLAYTON, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA
• EDUCATION LEVELS:
• YEAR 12 OR EQUIVALENT: 77.86%
• YEAR 11 OR EQUIVALENT: 4.9%
• YEAR 10 OR EQUIVALENT: 5.52%
• YEAR 9 OR EQUIVALENT: 3.19%
• YEAR 8 OR BELOW: 6.98%
• MEDIAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME: $953.00 PER
WEEK, $49,556.00 A YEAR
• COST OF LIVING:
• CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: 112.68
• RENT INDEX: 59.68
• GROCERIES INDEX: 110.46
• RESTAURANTS INDEX: 97.65
• CONSUMER PRICE PLUS RENT INDEX:
87.16
• LOCAL PURCHASING POWER: 104.37
MANUFACTURING LOCATIONSHOUSTON, TEXAS CLAYTON, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA
• OUR COMPANY CHOOSE THE
LOCATION IN CLAYTON,
VICTORIA, 3168, AUSTRAILIA. WE
CHOOSE THIS LOCATION DUE TO
THE CLOSE PROXMITY TO EAST
TIMOR FOR LOWER SHIPPING
COST. THE UNEMPLOYMENT
RATE IS HIGHER THAN
HOUSTON, TX LOCATION. THE
COST OF LIVING IS CLOSE
ALTHOUGH CLAYTON IS A LITTLE
HIGHER THAN HOUSTON.