BIOLOGY Chapter: Reproduction in Plants REPRODUCTION IN

GRADE : VII SUBJECT : BIOLOGY ASSIGNMENT : 1

G7_BIOLOGY POST MID TERM_ASSIGNMENT_2021-22 Page 1 of 6

BIOLOGY

Chapter: Reproduction in Plants

Sub topics: Reproduction, Modes of reproduction in plants and Different types of asexual reproduction.

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS: -

All living organisms have a characteristic that they can produce their own kind. This process of production of offspring from the parents is called reproduction.

PLANT PARTS: -

Plants have two kinds of parts:

Vegetative Parts - These are the parts of the plant that plays a major role in the life cycle of a plant such as preparation of food, transportation of food, water and nutrients, etc. For Example, roots, stems and leaves.

Reproductive Parts - These are the parts of a plant that play a major role in the reproduction process in plants. For Example, flowers.

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS CAN BE CATEGORIZED INTO TWO TYPES:

1) Asexual Reproduction – The new plants are produced without using the seeds. In this process, generally the leaves, stems and roots participate in reproduction.

2) Sexual Reproduction – The new plants are produced with the help of the seeds of a plant. In this process, the flowers of the plants participate in reproduction.

- Shoot – A young plant is often termed as a shoot. Generally, a shoot is regarded as a part of the plant which has stems, leaves and flowers.

- Node – It is a part of the stem or branch of a plant from where the leaf arises.

- Vegetative Buds – Sometimes buds are present in the leaves that are capable of developing into shoots. These are called vegetative Buds.



Fig:1 - Root and shoot system in a plant

DIFFERENT TYPES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS: -

Vegetative Propagation

As the name suggests this type of reproduction takes place with the help of the vegetative parts

of the plant. Only one parent can produce the identical offspring in vegetative propagation.



Natural means of Vegetative Propagation:

1. Vegetative Propagation by Roots

- Plants that have tuberous roots, that is the roots which are used as a storage organ in plants participate in vegetative propagation.

- In order to grow new plants, these tuberous roots are sown in the soil.

Example: Sweet potato and dahlia.

fig:2 - Vegetative propagation by roots in sweet potato.

2. Vegetative Propagation by Stem

(i) Stem Tubers:

Just like tuberous roots, some plants have tuberous stems. These stem tubers store the nutrients and bear nodes.

These nodes bear buds that form the new plants.

Example: Potato.

fig:3 -Vegetative propagation of stem in potato.



(ii) Runners: Some plants grow along the ground and contain modified stems called runners. These

runners contain buds that can produce roots and stems. Example: Strawberries

fig: - 4 Vegetative propagation by runner stem.

3. Vegetative Propagation by Leaves

Some plants have leaves that contain buds which can develop into a new plant.

Example: Bryophyllum



Very short answer questions:

1. Which mode of reproduction helps bryophyllum to reproduce?

2. What are the vegetative parts of a plant?

3. What are the reproductive parts of a plant?

4. Define shoot.

5. What is meant by the term offspring?

Short Answer type questions:

1. Why is the process of reproduction necessary?

2. Define runners. Also state some examples.

3. Label the parts in the given figure.

4. Define node.

5. Mention the mode of reproduction in the following.

(i) Sweet potato

(ii) Potato



(iii) Strawberry

Long Answer type questions:

1. Explain asexual and sexual mode of reproduction in plants, along with two examples in each.

2. Explain vegetative propagation by stem and root with two examples each.

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BIOLOGY Chapter: Reproduction in Plants REPRODUCTION IN