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Lesson 5.4Moss and Liverworts
Lesson 5.4 Moss and Liverworts
Characteristics of moss:Nonvascular therefore have no true roots, leaves or stemsCalled bryophytesGrow in shade and moist environmentsGrow low to ground as ground coverHave rhizoids that anchor the plant
Lesson 5.4 Moss and Liverworts
Characteristics of moss:
Rhizoid - thread-like hairs that grow down into soil
Benefits of moss:Replenish soil by chemical weathering
Prevent soil erosion
Lesson 5.4 Moss and Liverworts
Economic importance:Sphagnum – grows in swamps, cells hold water.
Peat Moss/Peat - decaying plant material trapped in bottom of a swamp and in US is sold to mix with soil to increase moisture retention and enrich the soil.
Lesson 5.4 Moss and Liverworts
Spanish moss is called a moss but is really an angiosperm.
Lesson 5.4 Moss and Liverworts
Life Cycle of Moss
Has alternating generations:
A. Sporophyte generation Produced on top of female plant and produces spores after fertilization Spores are released and become gametophyte plants
Lesson 5.4 Moss and Liverworts
Life Cycle of MossHas alternating generations:A. Sporophyte generation
B. Gametophyte generation Produces egg and sperm cellsSperm cells must swim to egg cellResults in fertilization and formation of sporophytes plant
Lesson 5.4 Moss and Liverworts
LiverwortsCharacteristics:BryophytesNo true leaves, stems or rootsHave rhizoidsGrow in moister places than mossReproductive structures look like umbrellas
Lesson 5.5 Algae
Lesson 5.5 Algae
Characteristics
Belong to kingdom ProtistaMost contain chlorophyllMost small in sizeLack stem, roots, or leavesMost live in waterImportant the food chain because compose most of plankton
Lesson 5.5 Algae
CharacteristicsImportant the food chain because compose most of plankton
Plankton - the collection of small or microscopic organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water, especially at or near the surface, and serve as food for fish and other larger organisms.
Classified by color
Lesson 5.5 Algae
ClassificationA. Green Algaeo Largest groupo Greeno Mostly microscopic, single
celledo Some live in colonieso Some filamentous, have
filaments to attach to rocks
o freshwater
Green Algae
Lesson 5.5 AlgaeClassified by color
B. Yellow algaeoContains yellow pigment oPhotosynthetic – chlorophyll toooIncludes diatoms (two part silica shell)oCollection of empty shells makes diatomaceous earth used in toothpaste, scrubbing products, filters & dynamite to stabilize
Lesson 5.5 AlgaeClassified by color
C. Brown algaeobrown pigmentoPhotosynthetic – chlorophyll toooMostly seaweed including the giant kelps that live in the oceanoAlgin from kelp used in food products to hold liquids together like in mayonnaise
Brown algae – Giant Kelp
Lesson 5.5 AlgaeClassified by color
D. Red algaeoFound in great depths in the oceanoCan trap wavelengths of light that travel deep into water and use for photosynthesisoContain carrageenin used to thicken products like ice creamand nutrient agar
Lesson 5.5
Other Algae:
A. Dinoflagellates•Microscopic algae•Have two flagella•Cause red tides which is when extreme growth or blooms creating a toxin that can kill fish
Lesson 5.5 Algae
B. Cyanobacteria or blue-green algae
•Originally classified as algae now as bacteria•Many have a bluish appearance •Great survival in adverse conditions
