Biology Scheme of Work 2012 Term 1

BIOLOGY: SCHEME OF WORK 2012 [TERM 1]

MONTH WEEK PERIOD TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES PROCEDURE TEACHING AIDS

ASSESSMENT

January 02 1 Support, movement and locomotion.Bones

Candidates should be able to identify and describe, from diagrams, & photographs, the main bones of the forelimb(humerus, radius, ulna and scapula) of a mammal;

Teacher:Demonstrates with the help of diagramExplains Students identify

DiagramsText books

Oral questions

1 Joints Candidates should be able to describe the type of movement permitted by the ball and socket joint and the hinge joint of the forelimb;

Teacher:ExplainsStudents observe and identify

Diagramstextbooks

Oral questions

1 Antagonistic muscles

Candidates should be able to describe the action of the antagonistic muscles at the hinge joint.

Teacher:Explains Students observe and learn

Projector Oral questions

1 Test Candidates should be able to recall and revise the concepts

Printed questions Question paper

Written test

January 03 1 The use and abuse of drugsAntibiotics

Candidates should be able to:(a) define a drug as any externally administered substance that modifies or affects chemical reactions in thebody;(b) describe the medicinal use of antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infection;

Teacher: ExplainsStudents Listen and learn

Text books Oral questions

1 Effects of heroin Effects of alcohol

Candidates should be able to: (a) describe the effects of the abuse of heroin: a powerful depressant, problems of addiction, severewithdrawal symptoms and

Teacher:ExplainsStudents discuss and learn

Textbooks Oral questions

NOONU HOLHUDHOO MEYNA SCHOOL BIOLOGY SCHEME OF WORK 2012 GRADE 9A TEACHER: RAJESH KUMAR R Page 1


associated problems such as crime and infection e.g. AIDS;(b) describe the effects of excessive consumption of alcohol: reduced self-control, depressant, effect onreaction times, damage to liver and social implications;

1 Effects of tobacco smoke

Candidates should be able to: (a) describe the effects of tobacco smoke and its major toxic components (nicotine, tar and carbonmonoxide) on health: strong association with bronchitis, emphysema, lung cancer and heart disease, andthe association between smoking during pregnancy and reduced birth weight of the baby;(b) recognize the fact that many people regard smoking as no longer socially acceptable.

Teacher;ExplainsStudents discuss and learn

textbooks Oral questions

1 Past paper Candidates should be able to recall the contents and learn the question pattern.

Teacher gives questionsStudents answer them either in groups or individually.

Past paper questions

Written or oral

January 04 1 Test Candidates should be able to recall the contents.

Students answer the printed questions

Question paper

Written test

1 Microorganisms and

Candidates should be able to list the main characteristics of the

Teacher:Explains with the

Text booksDiagrams

Oral questions



biotechnologyMicroorganisms

following groups: viruses, bacteria and fungi;

help of diagramsStudents learn and identify

1 Microorganisms

Candidates should be able to outline the role of microorganisms in decomposition;

Teacher:ExplainsStudents discuss

Text books

1 Past papers Candidates should be able to recall the contents and learn the question pattern.

Students answer the questions


Written or oral

February 01 1 Food biotechnology

Candidates should be able to:(a)explain the role of yeast in the production of bread and alcohol;(b)outline the role of bacteria in yoghurt and cheese production;

Teacher explainsStudents discuss[Activity to be done: extra class needed]

TextbooksProjector [Slide show]

Oral questions

1 Industrial biotechnology

Candidates should be able to: (a)describe the use of fermenters for large-scale production of antibiotics and single cell protein(f) describe the role of the fungus Penicillium in the production of penicillin.

Teacher explains with the help of diagrams

TextbooksProjector[slide show]

Oral questions


Students are asked to answer the questions from the past paper


Written or oral

1 Test Candidates should be able to recall the contents.

Printed questions are answered by the students

Printed questions

Written test

02 1 Relationships of organisms with one another and with

Candidates should be able to:(a) state that the Sun is the principal source of energy input to biological systems;

Teacher explainsStudents discuss




the environment. Energy flow

1 Food chains and food webs

Candidates should be able to: (a) describe the non-cyclical nature of energy flow;(b) define the following terms and establish the relationship of each in food webs: producer, consumer, herbivore, carnivore, decomposer, food chain;

Teacher explains and illustratesStudents discuss and learn

Textbooksdiagrams

Oral questions

1 Food chains and food webs

Candidates should be able to:(a) describe energy losses between trophic levels and infer the advantages of short food chains;(b) describe and interpret pyramids of numbers and of biomass

Teacher explains and illustratesStudents discuss and learn

Textbooksdiagrams

Oral questions


Students answer the past paper questions


Written oral

03 1 Carbon cycle Candidates should be able to describe and state the importance of the carbon cycle;

Teacher explainsStudents discuss and draw

Diagramtextbooks

Oral questionActivity

1 Nitrogen cycle Candidates should be able to describe the nitrogen cycle in making available nitrogen for plant and animal protein, including the role of bacteria in nitrogen fixation, decomposition and nitrification

Teacher explainsStudents discuss and draw

Diagramtextbooks

Oral questionActivity

1 Parasitism Candidates should be able to:(a) understand the role of the mosquito as a vector of disease;





(b) describe the malaria pathogen as an example of a parasite and describe the transmission and control of the malarial pathogen




Oral or written

04 1 Effects of humans on the ecosystem

Candidates should be able to:(a) describe the effects of humans on the ecosystem with emphasis on examples of internationalimportance (tropical rain forests, oceans and important rivers);(b) describe the consequences of deforestation in terms of its effects on soil stability, climate and local human populations;


TextbooksHandouts

Oral questions

1 Pollution Candidates should be able to: evaluate the effects of:water pollution by sewage, by inorganic waste and by nitrogen-containing fertilizers;air pollution by greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide and methane), contributing to global warming;air pollution by acidic gases (sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen), contributing to acid rain;pollution due to insecticides;


Text booksprojector

Oral questions

1 Conservation Candidates should be able to:(a) discuss reasons for conservation of species with reference to maintenance of biodiversity, management of


TextbooksProjector

Oral questions



fisheries and management of timber production;(b) discuss reasons for recycling materials, with reference to named examples.


Students answer printed questions

Printed questions

Written test

March 01 1 Development of organisms and continuity of lifeAsexual reproduction

Candidates should be able to define mitosis as cell division giving rise to genetically identical cells in which the chromosome number is maintained and state the role of mitosis in growth, repair of damaged tissues, replacement of worn out cells and asexual reproduction;

Teacher explainsStudents learn by observing the models

TextbooksLaptopModel

Oral questions

1 Asexual reproduction

Candidates should be able to:define asexual reproduction as the process resulting in the production of genetically identical offspring from one parent and describe one named, commercially important application of asexual reproduction in plants;


TextbooksDiagrams

Oral questions

1 Sexual reproduction

Candidates should be able to:(a) define meiosis as a reduction division in which the chromosome number is halved from diploid tohaploid;(b) state that gametes are the result of meiosis (reduction division);(c) define sexual reproduction as the process involving the fusion of

Teacher demonstratesStudents watch the model work and learn

TextbooksModel

Oral questions



haploid nuclei to form a diploid zygote and the production of genetically dissimilar offspring;




Oral or written

02 1 Sexual reproduction in plants

Candidates should be able to:(a) identify and draw, using a hand lens if necessary, the sepals, petals, stamens and carpels of one, locally available, named, insect-pollinated, dicotyledonous flower, and examine the pollen grains under a light microscope;(b) state the functions of the sepals, petals, anthers and carpels;

Teacher does the activityStudents do the activity

FlowerHand lenseMicroscopeTextbooks

Oral questions

1 Sexual reproduction in plants

Candidates should be able to use a hands lens to identify and describe the anthers and stigmas of one, locally available, named, wind pollinated flower, and examine the pollen grains under a light microscope;

Teacher does the activityStudents do the activity

FlowerHand lenseMicroscopeTextbooks

Oral questions


Candidates should be able to: (a) outline the process of pollination and distinguish between self-pollination and cross-pollination;(b) compare, using fresh specimens, an insect-pollinated and a wind-pollinated flower;

Teacher explainsStudents discuss and do the activity

TextbooksFlowers

Oral questions

1 Past paper Candidates should be able to recall the contents and learn the

Students answer the past paper


Oral or written



question pattern. questions03 1 Sexual

reproduction in plants

Candidates should be able to:(a)describe the growth of the pollen tube and its entry into the ovule followed by fertilisation (production of endosperm and details of development are not required);(b) investigate and describe the structure of a non-endospermic seed in terms of the embryo (radicle,plumule and cotyledons) and testa, protected by the pericarp (fruit wall);

Teacher explainsStudents discuss[activity has to be done: extra class]



Candidates should be able to:(a) state that seed and fruit dispersal by wind and by animals provides a means of colonising new areas;(b) describe the external features of one, locally available, named example of a wind-dispersed fruit or seed and of one named example of an animal-dispersed fruit or seed;


Seed or fruitTextbooks

Oral questions


Candidates should be able to:(a) investigate and state the environmental conditions that affect germination of seeds: suitable temperature, water and oxygen;(b) describe the uses of enzymes in the germination of seeds;

Teacher explainsStudents discuss[activity to be done]

Seedstextbooks

Oral questions



1 Revision Candidates should be able to recall and revise the concepts.



Oral or written

April 01 1 Sexual reproduction in humans

Candidates should be able to identify on diagrams of the male reproductive system and give the functions of the testes, scrotum, sperm ducts, prostate gland, urethra and penis;

Teacher lists out and then identifies on the diagramStudents draw and identify

Diagramtextbooks

Oral questions

1 Sexual reproduction in humans

Candidates should be able to identify on diagrams of the female reproductive system and give the functions of the ovaries, oviducts,uterus, cervix and vagina;

Teacher lists out and then identifies on the diagramStudents draw and identify

Diagramtextbooks

Oral questions


Candidates should be able to:(a) compare male and female gametes in terms of size, numbers and mobility;(b) describe the menstrual cycle, with reference to the alternation of menstruation and ovulation, the natural variation in its length and the fertile and infertile phases of the cycle;

Teacher explains with the help of diagramsStudents discuss

DiagramTextbooks

Oral questions




Oral or written

02 1 Sexual reproduction in humans

Candidates should be able to:(a) explain the role of hormones in controlling the menstrual cycle

Teacher explainsStudents learn

TextbooksDiagrams

Oral questions



(including FSH, LH, progesterone and oestrogen);(b) describe fertilisation and early development of the zygote simply in terms of the formation of a ball of cells that becomes implanted in the wall of the uterus;


Candidates should be able to:(a) state the function of the amniotic sac and the amniotic fluid;(b) describe the function of the placenta and umbilical cord in relation to exchange of dissolved nutrients,gases and excretory products.


TextbooksDiagrams

Oral questions


Candidates should be able to:(a) describe the special dietary needs of pregnant women;(b) describe the advantages of breast milk compared with bottle milk;4. C






Oral or written

03 1 Sexual reproduction in humans

Candidates should be able to describe the following methods of birth control:natural, chemical (spermicides), mechanical, hormonal and surgical;


TextbooksPictures

Oral questions

1 Sexually transmitted

Candidates should be able to:(a) explain that syphilis is caused





diseases by a bacterium that is transmitted during sexual intercourse;(b) describe the symptoms, signs, effects and treatment of syphilis;(c) discuss the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and methods by which it may be controlled.

1 Revision Candidates should be able to recall and revise the concepts



Oral or written


Printed questions are answered by the students

Printed questions

Written test

04 1 Homeostasis Candidates should be able to:(a) define homeostasis as the maintenance of a constant internal environment;(b) explain the concept of control by negative feedback;



1 Structure and function of the skin

Candidates should be able to identify, on a diagram of the skin, hairs, sweat glands, temperature receptors, blood vessels and fatty tissue;

Teacher explains with the help of diagramStudents discuss

Diagramstextbooks

Oral questions

1 Structure and function of the skin

Candidates should be able to describe the maintenance of a constant body temperature in humans in terms of insulation and the role of temperature receptors in the skin, sweating, shivering,


textbooks Oral questions



blood vessels near the skin surface and the coordinating role of the brain.

1 Past papers Candidates should be able to recall and revise the concepts



Oral or written

May 01 1 Hormones Candidates should be able to define a hormone as a chemical substance, produced by a gland, carried by the blood, which alters the activity of one or more specific target organs and is then destroyed by the liver;

Teacher explains Textbooks Oral questions

1 Hormones Candidates should be able to state the role of the hormone adrenaline in boosting the blood glucose concentration and give examples of situations in which this may occur;



1 Hormones Candidates should be able to describe the signs (increased blood glucose concentration and glucose in urine) and treatment(administration of insulin) of diabetes mellitus.



1 Past papers Candidates should be able to recall and revise the concepts



Oral or written

02 4 Revision Candidates should be able to recall and revise the concepts

Teacher summarises the


Oral or written



topics Students answer the past paper questions

03 4 Revision Candidates should be able to recall and revise the concepts

Teacher summarises the topicsStudents answer the past paper questions


Oral or written

NOTE:

Text books referred are 1. IGCSE Biology; Mary Jones

2. Biology; Jones and Jones

3. GCSE Biology; D. G. Mackean

4. Complete Biology; Pickering

5. The Cambridge Biology revision Guide; Ian J Burton


Documents

Biology Scheme of Work 2012 Term 1